www.TopSage.com(大家网) 解析使用说明:为 了便于阅读,本 解析采用不用的颜色,加 下划线和斜体,加粗等形式对文章进行标记.红色部分:( 第1,2,…,题 )表 示各个题目的答案所在地.这 样可以清晰的看出题目答案的分布情况.加下划线和斜体:表 示答案.由 于有时答案密集,分 别用加下划线和斜体将前后不同题目的答案区分开来.加粗:加粗的部分表示该单词或词组在后面或者段落下面做了注释.有的单词直接后面做简单注释,有的则在该单词所在段落的下方详细解释.另外,每道题的正确答案在选项中加粗标示.其他解析请点击:《剑七》解析汇总本文档由大家网英语编辑窦dòu 君jūn 宜yí(水木豆豆)制作.邮箱:nicole_1985@yahoo.cn 本解析由大家网英语编辑水木豆豆制作,转载请注明出处,或联系本人.请尊重知识产权. READING PASSAGE 3 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below Forests are one of the main elements of our natural heritage. The decline of Europe's forests over the last decade and a half has led to an increasing awareness and understanding of the serious imbalances which threaten them. European countries are becoming increasingly concerned 关心by major threats to European forests, threats which know no frontiers other than those of geography or climate: air pollution, soil deterioration土质变坏, the increasing number of forest fires and sometimes even the mismanagement管理不善; 处置失当of our woodland and forest heritage. There has been a growing awareness of the need for countries to get together to co-ordinate协调their policies. In December 1990, Strasbourg hosted举办 the first Ministerial Conference on the protection of Europe's forests. The conference brought together 31 countries from both Western and Eastern Europe. The topics discussed included the co-ordinated study of the destruction of forests, as well as how to combat 抗争,斗争forest fires and the extension of European research programs on the forest ecosystem. The preparatory work for the conference had been undertaken at two meetings of experts. Their initial最初的task was to decide which of the many forest problems of concern to Europe involved the largest number of countries and might be the subject of joint action. Those confined to 局 限于a particular geographical areas, such as countries bordering毗邻,接界the Mediterranean or the Nordic countries therefore had to be discarded抛弃,遗弃. However, this does not mean that in future they will be ignored.(第27,28 题) 2 【重要短语】There has been a growing awareness of (人们的)意识不断增强 There is growing awareness that monetary policy alone may not be able to curb the risk of a severe recession, because of wide risk spreads and constraints imposed by inflation. 人们越来越意识到,仅凭货币政策可能不足以抑制发生一场严重衰退的风险,原因是较 大的风险价差和通胀造成的限制. 【重要词语】Involve: include or affect (sb/sth) in its operation 包括, 包含, 牵涉, 牵连 (某人[某事物]): The strike involved many people. 许多人参加了罢工. * a situation in which national security is involved 涉及国家安全的形势. As a whole, European countries see forests as performing执行a triple 三重的; 三方的 function: biological, economic and recreational. 娱乐的 The first is to act as a 'green lung' for our planet; by means of photosynthesis 光合作用, forests produce oxygen氧气 through the transformation of solar energy太阳能, thus fulfilling what for humans is the essential role of an immense, non-polluting power plant. (第30 题)At the same time, forests provide raw materials for human activities through their constantly renewed production of wood. (第29 题)Finally, they offer those condemned to spend five days a week in an urban environment an unrivalled无双的,无与伦比的area of freedom to unwind放松 and take part in a range of leisure activities, such as hunting, riding and hiking. The economic importance of forests has been understood since the dawn开始; 开端 of man — wood was the first fuel. The other aspects have been recognised only for a few centuries but they are becoming more and more important. Hence, there is a real concern throughout Europe about the damage to the forest environment which threatens these three basic roles. 【重点句子】The first is to act as a 'green lung' for our planet; by means of photosynthesis 光合作用, forests produce oxygen 氧气 through the transformation of solar energy 太阳能, thus fulfilling what for humans is the essential role of an immense, non-polluting power plant. 此句为并列句,以分号(;)为界,分号前一句是简单句,可译为:第一个生物 作用是指(森林)扮演了我们星球的"绿肺"的角色. 3 分号后面的句子为复杂句,主要结构为:forests produce oxygen, through…,thus fulfilling . Through…做方式状语,fulfilling…做结果状语. 参考译文:通过光合作用和太阳能的转换,森林制造氧气,扮演了人类的巨大 ,无污染能源厂的功能. 【重要词语】Condemn :esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb to sth/to do sth make sb take or accept sth unwelcome or unpleasant; doom sb 使某人接 受不好的某事物; 使某人注定: an unhappy worker, condemned to a job he hates 闷闷不 乐的工作者, 无奈何要做他厌恶的工作 * As an old person, one is often condemned to live alone. 老年人常出於无奈而独自生活. 【重要词语】Unwind:[I] (infml 口) relax after a period of work or tension (工 作或紧张之后) 放松, 松弛: Reading is a good way to unwind. 阅读是休息的好方式. * After a few drinks, he began to unwind, ie to talk more freely. 他喝了几杯酒, 话就多起来了. 【重要词语】 Dawn: (fig 比喻) beginning; first signs of sth 开始; 开端; 发端: the dawn of hope, love, intelligence, civilization 希望﹑ 爱情﹑ 智力﹑ 文明的开端 * the dawn of a new age 新时代的曙光. The myth of the 'natural' forest has survived, yet there are effectively no remaining 'primary' forests in Europe. All European forests are artificial人工的, having been adapted and exploited by man for thousands of years.(第31 题) This means that a forest policy is vital, that it must transcend超越,超出national frontiers and generations of people, and that it must allow for 考虑到 the inevitable changes that take place in the forests, in needs, and hence in policy. (第32,33 题) The Strasbourg conference was one of the first events on such a scale to reach this conclusion. A general declaration was made that 'a central place in any ecologically coherent forest policy must be given to continuity over time and to the possible effects of unforeseen events, to ensure that the full potential of 4 these forests is maintained'. That general declaration was accompanied by six detailed resolutions(会议的)决定, 决议 to assist national policy- making. The first(第34 题) proposes the extension and systematization of surveillance监视, 监督sites to monitor forest decline. Forest decline is still poorly understood but leads to the loss of a high proportion of a tree's needles or leaves. The entire continent and the majority of species are now affected: between 30% and 50% of the tree population. The condition appears to result from the cumulative 累积的effect of a number of factors, with atmospheric pollutants空气污染物the principal culprits犯人,罪犯,罪魁祸首. Compounds of nitrogen and sulphur dioxide should be particularly closely watched. However, their effects are probably accentuated 加重by climatic factors, such as drought and hard winters, or soil imbalances such as soil acidification, which damages the roots. The second resolution(第35 题) concentrates on the need to preserve the genetic diversity of European forests. The aim is to reverse the decline in the number of tree species or at least to preserve the 'genetic material' of all of them. Although forest fires do not affect all of Europe to the same extent, the amount of damage caused the experts to propose as the third resolution(第36 题) that the Strasbourg conference consider the establishment of a European databank资料库 on the subject. All information used in the development of national preventative policies would become generally available. The subject of the fourth resolution (第37 题)discussed by the ministers was mountain forests. In Europe, it is undoubtedly the mountain ecosystem which has changed most rapidly and is most at risk. A thinly scattered permanent population and development of leisure activities, particularly skiing, have resulted in significant long-term changes to the local ecosystems. Proposed developments include a preferential优先的research program on mountain forests. The fifth resolution(第38 题) relaunched the European research network on the physiology生理学 of trees, called Eurosilva. Eurosilva should support joint European research on tree diseases and their physiological and biochemical aspects. Each country concerned could increase the number of scholarships and other financial support for doctoral博士的theses and research projects in this area. Finally, the conference established (第39 题) the framework for a European research network on forest ecosystems. This would also involve harmonising 5 activities in individual countries as well as identifying a number of priority research topics relating to the protection of forests. The Strasbourg conference's main concern was to provide for the future. This was the initial motivation, one now shared by all 31 participants representing 31 European countries. Their final text commits them to on-going持续的 discussion between government representatives with responsibility for forests. 【重要词语】Accentuate: make (sth) very noticeable or prominent; emphasize 突出( 某事物); 强调: The tight jumper only accentuated his fat stomach. 那件紧身套头毛衣反 更突出了他那肥胖的肚子. 6 Questions 27-33 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3? In boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FA LSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 27 Forest problems of Mediterranean countries are to be discussed at the next meeting of experts. NOT GIVEN 28 Problems in Nordic countries were excluded because they are outside the European Economic Community. FA LSE 29 Forests are a renewable source of raw material. TRUE 30 The biological functions of forests were recognised only in the twentieth century. FA LSE 31 Natural forests still exist in parts of Europe. FA LSE 32 Forest policy should be limited by national boundaries. FA LSE 33 The Strasbourg conference decided that a forest policy must allow for the possibility of change. TRUE 7 Questions 34-39 Look at the following statements issued by the conference. Which six of the following statements, A—J, refer to the resolutions that were issued? Match the statements with the appropriate resolutions ( Questions 34-39). Write the correct letter; A—J, in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet. A All kinds of species of trees should be preserved. B Fragile mountain forests should be given priority in research programs. C The surviving natural forests of Europe do not need priority treatment. D Research is to be better co-ordinated throughout Europe. E Information on forest fires should be collected and shared. F Loss of leaves from trees should be more extensively and carefully monitored. G Resources should be allocated to research into tree diseases. H Skiing should be encouraged in thinly populated areas. I Soil imbalances such as acidification should be treated with compounds of nitrogen and sulphur. J Information is to be systematically gathered on any decline in the condition of forests. 34 Resolution 1 J 35 Resolution 2 A 36 Resolution 3 E 37 Resolution 4B 38 Resolution 5 G 39 Resolution 6 D Question 40 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet. 40 What is the best title for Reading Passage 3? B 8 A The biological, economic and recreational role of forests B Plans to protect the forests of Europe C The priority of European research into ecosystems D Proposals for a world-wide policy on forest management 9 雅思阅读资料超全大汇总 解析类: 《剑桥雅思 7》 解析汇总贴 (大家版) 图书类: 《雅思机经大全 阅读 人文分册》 PDF版下载 《雅思机经大全 阅读 科学分册》 PDF版下载 《经济学人》(The Economist)2008 全年 1-12 月PDF+圣诞双周刊+2009 年刊(已全)下载 祁连山无词阅读法 雅思阅读中的猜词技巧点滴 雅思阅读]2007 年Economist经济学人杂志Word版下载 推荐下载:美国《国家地理》杂志[National Geographic]PDF 《经济学人》[音频资料]The-Economist2008 年11 月15-2009 年1月2日(不断更新中)下载刘洪波:《雅思阅读经典教程》PDF 张岳:《最新雅思阅读胜经——平行阅读法》(2008 版)PDF 胡敏雅思教材第 5 代:《全新版雅思考试阅读理解》PDF 吴建业:《雅思阅读词汇小伴侣》(第2版)PDF 雅思阅读超高频词汇(终)PDF 环球雅思教材全新版:《阅读名师讲机经》PDF 十四种雅思阅读题型解题技巧PDF下载 雅思阅读实战 16 篇(附答案) 雅思阅读真经 2-刘洪波 《剑桥雅思 1-6》(Cambridge IELTS 1-6)(教材PDF+配套听力MP3)(网络收集版) 技巧篇: 把握雅思阅读中特殊及普通定位词 雅思阅读:如何正确选择中心词 在休闲中提高雅思成绩——如何让娱乐服务雅思考试 雅思考试阅读中符号的妙用 阅读中的猜词技巧点滴 雅思阅读定位词解析 雅思(ielts)考试小讲堂 雅思阅读语法方面三大注意事项 雅思阅读备考中的四大误区 雅思阅读审题的重要性 拿下雅思阅读 7 分的 14 个要点 雅思阅读考试中常见的几种组合模式及对策 如何突破雅思 7 分瓶颈—阅读篇 雅思阅读考试笔是最得力的工具 浅谈雅思阅读高分之软硬件 浅谈雅思阅读中的符号妙用/ 数字篇 10 11 雅思阅读考试技巧漫谈 英语培训班 三大"相亲"原则 雅思阅读高分之"软硬件" 雅思填空式阅读题三步解题技巧 背景积累+思维惯势总结 如何准备阅读考试之话题篇 雅思阅读文章之三大精读要点 阅读填空类题型解题有技巧 看题型备战雅思 雅思阅读抓好两类中心词 解析段落细节信息配对题 攻克雅思阅读题型之Heading 雅思阅读高速宝典:信息定位 雅思阅读的 12 条技能训练 雅思阅读配对类题型应试技巧 雅思阅读技巧:论语阐述最佳思维方式 把握题型特点 以不变应万变 影响雅思阅读的十个字 雅思阅读考试考前须知 雅思阅读常见问题之T/F/NG与Y/N/NG Summary题型解题策略 雅思阅读List of heading做题节奏 词汇不够语法帮忙 雅思阅读有技巧 雅思阅读词汇记忆方法 雅思阅读备考中的四大误区 如何储备雅思阅读词汇的妙招 雅思阅读配对类题型解题技巧 阅读中的猜词技巧—针对性解释 四招搞定雅思阅读 雅思阅读备考过程中如何进行"速度"的训练 雅思阅读"审题"的重要性 雅思阅读细节配对题的应对三招 雅思阅读"哪一篇更难?" 雅思阅读黄金法则 精泛读结合备战雅思阅读 雅思学术类阅读--万能标记法 浅谈雅思阅读中段落标题配对题 雅思阅读填空类题型解题技巧 雅思阅读技巧和重点笔记整理 雅思阅读"判断题"解法 雅思阅读常用的门类词汇(很难找的) 普通和学术高频词表打包下载(GSL&AWL2284+570)最基础实用的两张词汇表 影响分数的雅思阅读不良习惯 雅思阅读—剑桥系列三的使用
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www.TopSage.com(大家网) 解析使用说明:为 了便于阅读,本 解析采用不用的颜色,加 下划线和斜体,加粗等形式对文章进行标记.红色部分:( 第1,2,…,题 )表 示各个题目的答案所在地.这 样可以清晰的看出题目答案的分布情况.加下划线和斜体:表 示答案.由 于有时答案密集,分 别用加下划线和斜体将前后不同题目的答案区分开来.加粗:加粗的部分表示该单词或词组在后面或者段落下面做了注释.有的单词直接后面做简单注释,有的则在该单词所在段落的下方详细解释.另外,每道题的正确答案在选项中加粗标示.其他解析请点击:《剑七》解析汇总本文档由大家网英语编辑窦dòu 君jūn 宜yí(水木豆豆)制作.邮箱:nicole_1985@yahoo.cn 本解析由大家网英语编辑水木豆豆制作,转载请注明出处,或联系本人.请尊重知识产权. READING PASSAGE 3 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below Forests are one of the main elements of our natural heritage. The decline of Europe's forests over the last decade and a half has led to an increasing awareness and understanding of the serious imbalances which threaten them. European countries are becoming increasingly concerned 关心by major threats to European forests, threats which know no frontiers other than those of geography or climate: air pollution, soil deterioration土质变坏, the increasing number of forest fires and sometimes even the mismanagement管理不善; 处置失当of our woodland and forest heritage. There has been a growing awareness of the need for countries to get together to co-ordinate协调their policies. In December 1990, Strasbourg hosted举办 the first Ministerial Conference on the protection of Europe's forests. The conference brought together 31 countries from both Western and Eastern Europe. The topics discussed included the co-ordinated study of the destruction of forests, as well as how to combat 抗争,斗争forest fires and the extension of European research programs on the forest ecosystem. The preparatory work for the conference had been undertaken at two meetings of experts. Their initial最初的task was to decide which of the many forest problems of concern to Europe involved the largest number of countries and might be the subject of joint action. Those confined to 局 限于a particular geographical areas, such as countries bordering毗邻,接界the Mediterranean or the Nordic countries therefore had to be discarded抛弃,遗弃. However, this does not mean that in future they will be ignored.(第27,28 题) 2 【重要短语】There has been a growing awareness of (人们的)意识不断增强 There is growing awareness that monetary policy alone may not be able to curb the risk of a severe recession, because of wide risk spreads and constraints imposed by inflation. 人们越来越意识到,仅凭货币政策可能不足以抑制发生一场严重衰退的风险,原因是较 大的风险价差和通胀造成的限制. 【重要词语】Involve: include or affect (sb/sth) in its operation 包括, 包含, 牵涉, 牵连 (某人[某事物]): The strike involved many people. 许多人参加了罢工. * a situation in which national security is involved 涉及国家安全的形势. As a whole, European countries see forests as performing执行a triple 三重的; 三方的 function: biological, economic and recreational. 娱乐的 The first is to act as a 'green lung' for our planet; by means of photosynthesis 光合作用, forests produce oxygen氧气 through the transformation of solar energy太阳能, thus fulfilling what for humans is the essential role of an immense, non-polluting power plant. (第30 题)At the same time, forests provide raw materials for human activities through their constantly renewed production of wood. (第29 题)Finally, they offer those condemned to spend five days a week in an urban environment an unrivalled无双的,无与伦比的area of freedom to unwind放松 and take part in a range of leisure activities, such as hunting, riding and hiking. The economic importance of forests has been understood since the dawn开始; 开端 of man — wood was the first fuel. The other aspects have been recognised only for a few centuries but they are becoming more and more important. Hence, there is a real concern throughout Europe about the damage to the forest environment which threatens these three basic roles. 【重点句子】The first is to act as a 'green lung' for our planet; by means of photosynthesis 光合作用, forests produce oxygen 氧气 through the transformation of solar energy 太阳能, thus fulfilling what for humans is the essential role of an immense, non-polluting power plant. 此句为并列句,以分号(;)为界,分号前一句是简单句,可译为:第一个生物 作用是指(森林)扮演了我们星球的"绿肺"的角色. 3 分号后面的句子为复杂句,主要结构为:forests produce oxygen, through…,thus fulfilling . Through…做方式状语,fulfilling…做结果状语. 参考译文:通过光合作用和太阳能的转换,森林制造氧气,扮演了人类的巨大 ,无污染能源厂的功能. 【重要词语】Condemn :esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb to sth/to do sth make sb take or accept sth unwelcome or unpleasant; doom sb 使某人接 受不好的某事物; 使某人注定: an unhappy worker, condemned to a job he hates 闷闷不 乐的工作者, 无奈何要做他厌恶的工作 * As an old person, one is often condemned to live alone. 老年人常出於无奈而独自生活. 【重要词语】Unwind:[I] (infml 口) relax after a period of work or tension (工 作或紧张之后) 放松, 松弛: Reading is a good way to unwind. 阅读是休息的好方式. * After a few drinks, he began to unwind, ie to talk more freely. 他喝了几杯酒, 话就多起来了. 【重要词语】 Dawn: (fig 比喻) beginning; first signs of sth 开始; 开端; 发端: the dawn of hope, love, intelligence, civilization 希望﹑ 爱情﹑ 智力﹑ 文明的开端 * the dawn of a new age 新时代的曙光. The myth of the 'natural' forest has survived, yet there are effectively no remaining 'primary' forests in Europe. All European forests are artificial人工的, having been adapted and exploited by man for thousands of years.(第31 题) This means that a forest policy is vital, that it must transcend超越,超出national frontiers and generations of people, and that it must allow for 考虑到 the inevitable changes that take place in the forests, in needs, and hence in policy. (第32,33 题) The Strasbourg conference was one of the first events on such a scale to reach this conclusion. A general declaration was made that 'a central place in any ecologically coherent forest policy must be given to continuity over time and to the possible effects of unforeseen events, to ensure that the full potential of 4 these forests is maintained'. That general declaration was accompanied by six detailed resolutions(会议的)决定, 决议 to assist national policy- making. The first(第34 题) proposes the extension and systematization of surveillance监视, 监督sites to monitor forest decline. Forest decline is still poorly understood but leads to the loss of a high proportion of a tree's needles or leaves. The entire continent and the majority of species are now affected: between 30% and 50% of the tree population. The condition appears to result from the cumulative 累积的effect of a number of factors, with atmospheric pollutants空气污染物the principal culprits犯人,罪犯,罪魁祸首. Compounds of nitrogen and sulphur dioxide should be particularly closely watched. However, their effects are probably accentuated 加重by climatic factors, such as drought and hard winters, or soil imbalances such as soil acidification, which damages the roots. The second resolution(第35 题) concentrates on the need to preserve the genetic diversity of European forests. The aim is to reverse the decline in the number of tree species or at least to preserve the 'genetic material' of all of them. Although forest fires do not affect all of Europe to the same extent, the amount of damage caused the experts to propose as the third resolution(第36 题) that the Strasbourg conference consider the establishment of a European databank资料库 on the subject. All information used in the development of national preventative policies would become generally available. The subject of the fourth resolution (第37 题)discussed by the ministers was mountain forests. In Europe, it is undoubtedly the mountain ecosystem which has changed most rapidly and is most at risk. A thinly scattered permanent population and development of leisure activities, particularly skiing, have resulted in significant long-term changes to the local ecosystems. Proposed developments include a preferential优先的research program on mountain forests. The fifth resolution(第38 题) relaunched the European research network on the physiology生理学 of trees, called Eurosilva. Eurosilva should support joint European research on tree diseases and their physiological and biochemical aspects. Each country concerned could increase the number of scholarships and other financial support for doctoral博士的theses and research projects in this area. Finally, the conference established (第39 题) the framework for a European research network on forest ecosystems. This would also involve harmonising 5 activities in individual countries as well as identifying a number of priority research topics relating to the protection of forests. The Strasbourg conference's main concern was to provide for the future. This was the initial motivation, one now shared by all 31 participants representing 31 European countries. Their final text commits them to on-going持续的 discussion between government representatives with responsibility for forests. 【重要词语】Accentuate: make (sth) very noticeable or prominent; emphasize 突出( 某事物); 强调: The tight jumper only accentuated his fat stomach. 那件紧身套头毛衣反 更突出了他那肥胖的肚子. 6 Questions 27-33 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3? In boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FA LSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 27 Forest problems of Mediterranean countries are to be discussed at the next meeting of experts. NOT GIVEN 28 Problems in Nordic countries were excluded because they are outside the European Economic Community. FA LSE 29 Forests are a renewable source of raw material. TRUE 30 The biological functions of forests were recognised only in the twentieth century. FA LSE 31 Natural forests still exist in parts of Europe. FA LSE 32 Forest policy should be limited by national boundaries. FA LSE 33 The Strasbourg conference decided that a forest policy must allow for the possibility of change. TRUE 7 Questions 34-39 Look at the following statements issued by the conference. Which six of the following statements, A—J, refer to the resolutions that were issued? Match the statements with the appropriate resolutions ( Questions 34-39). Write the correct letter; A—J, in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet. A All kinds of species of trees should be preserved. B Fragile mountain forests should be given priority in research programs. C The surviving natural forests of Europe do not need priority treatment. D Research is to be better co-ordinated throughout Europe. E Information on forest fires should be collected and shared. F Loss of leaves from trees should be more extensively and carefully monitored. G Resources should be allocated to research into tree diseases. H Skiing should be encouraged in thinly populated areas. I Soil imbalances such as acidification should be treated with compounds of nitrogen and sulphur. J Information is to be systematically gathered on any decline in the condition of forests. 34 Resolution 1 J 35 Resolution 2 A 36 Resolution 3 E 37 Resolution 4B 38 Resolution 5 G 39 Resolution 6 D Question 40 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet. 40 What is the best title for Reading Passage 3? 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