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bioresources.com
INFLUENCE OF SOLVENT TREATMENT ON MOULD RESISTANCE OF BAMBOO
Fangli Sun,a,* Yueying Zhou,a Binfu Bao,a Anliang Chen,b and Chungui Du a
Bamboo timber is very vulnerable to mould fungi, a characteristic that is attributed to the rich sugar, starch, and protein present in bamboo. Solvents including cold water, hot water, benzene/ethanol, ethanol/ether, 1% NaOH, and 1% HCl can dissolve corresponding components from bamboo, which might be helpful to the resistance of bamboo against mould fungi. In order to study the relationship between surface nutrition and mildew of bamboo, mould resistances of bamboo blocks treated with different solvents were tested in the laboratory and field. Results showed that bamboo treated with cold water, hot water, benzene/ethanol or ethanol/ether had almost the same resistances with the controls against mould fungi, and the surfaces became covered with mycelium within 10 days in laboratory tests, and 5 weeks in field tests. 1% NaOH and 1% HCl were helpful to the mould resistance of bamboo, of which, 1% HCl treatments behaved the best, especially in the field tests. Keywords: Bamboo timber; Solvents treatment; Mould resistance; Laboratory test; Field test Contact information: a: School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, No.88 North of Huancheng Road, Lin'an, Zhejiang, China, 311300; b: School of Forestry & Biotechnology , Zhejiang A & F University, No.88 North of Huancheng Road, Lin'an, Zhejiang, China, 311300. * Corresponding author: sun-fangli@163.com
INTRODUCTION Moso bamboo accounts for about 70% of the total bamboo forest in the world, and it is one of the most popular and important economic species in the world (Pérez et al. 1999; Zhang 2003). Without preservation, it becomes susceptible to attack by mould fungi, especially Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Trichoderma sp. (Nielsen et al. 2004; Pasanen et al. 2000), resulting in degraded performances, shortened service life, and reduced value. Thus, it is necessary to protect bamboo from mould fungi (Liese and Hamburg 1987; Zhang 2003). In contrast to timber, bamboo culm consists of about 45 to 55% parenchyma cells, which are filled with nutritious starch (2 to 6%), sugar (2%), protein (1.5 to 6%), fat (2 to 4%), and so on, even in older culms. These nutrients, especially the sugar and starch, are believed to be the main factors leading to the decay and mould of bamboo (Wu 1992; Zhang 1995; Liese 2003). Okahisa et al. (2006) have reported on the relationships between the free glucose or starch contents on the survival of decay fungi. Results showed that the fungal attack was independent of starch contents, but was influenced by the free glucose. Immersing the freshly felled bamboo into flowing water for some time has been frequently used by a number of companies to improve the mould resistance (Duan 2005; Wu 1992).
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