中南大学现代远程教育课程考试
《护理英语(一)》试题(本试题页不上交)
一.将下列英文翻译成中文(15')
1.Stress is any physiological or psychological tension that threatens a person's total equilibrium.
2.Each gene is made up of a chemical substance called DNA, which plays an important part in determining inherited characteristics.
3.For example, a client who cannot maintain proper nutrition because of poor teeth would have inadequate nutrition as a health care need.
4.The impression given by a nurse, whether good or bad, definitely affects the patient's adjustment.
5.You, the nurse, as a living being, constantly undergo change.
二,将下列中文翻译成英文(15')
一个饥饿的人更有可能去寻找食物而不去参加那些能增强他自尊的活动.
2.对于住院只想较愉快的方面似乎是合乎逻辑的,但并不能说住院就是完全舒适的.
除了知道如何熟练地进行程序外,他必须准备满足那些与之有关的病人的情感需求.
当病人的身体状况发生改变时,其卫生需要也随之改变.
护士在提供日常卫生护理的同时,有机会对病人的身心状况进行评估
三,reading comprehension(27')
A Safety
Nursing care directed toward health maintenance and illness prevention involves promoting the client's safety in the community or within the health care environment, which is just as essential as meeting hygiene and nutrition needs. Protection and safety are basic to survival, and those needs continue throughout life span.
Potential safety hazards can be obvious, such as a dark cluttered staircase, or unseen , such as a medication error or toxic fumes from a faulty turnace. The nurse can increase the client's safety by including interventions for a safe environment within the plan of care and with every nursing procedure.
Defined broadly, an environment is all of the many factors, physical and psychosocial, that influence or affect the life and survival of the client. A safe environment in a health care agency is one that is comfortable, maintains the client's privacy, and reduces to a minimum the risks of injury, infection, and untoward effects from treatments of medications. Safety is also evaluated in the client's home, workplace or school and neighborhood.
A safe health care environment reduces the length of treatment or hospitalization, the frequency of treatment related accidents, the potential for lawsuits, the number of work related injuries to personnel, and the over all cost of health services. In addition, a safe health care environment allows the professional and paraprofessional staff to function at its optimal level.
Safety in the home reduces the risk of accidents and illness and the subsequent need for health care service safety is positively correlated to health promotion: the greater the safety in a home, the greater the level of health promotion in that home.
True or false
The client's safety in the community is not so important as meeting hygiene and nutrition needs.
Both cluttered staircase and medication error are good for health.
An environment which is comfortable and have the least risk of harm can be called a safe one.
The treatment- related accidents will happen with decreasing frequency if a health care environment is safe enough.
Health care services becomes more necessary in a safe home.
One of nurse's most routine and yet most critical responsibilities is the preparation and administration of medications. The responsibility extends beyond preparation and administration. The nurse must know how medicines act, the usual dosage, the desired effects, and potential side effects so that he or she can evaluate the effectiveness of the medication and recognize adverse effects promptly when they occur. You will acquire this knowledge gradually as you study pharmacology and care for patients with varying problems.
The major nursing diagnosis to keep in mind when giving medications is Risk for injury. Patients can be injured by medications given in the wrong dosage, at the wrong time, or by an incorrect route. They also can be injured by the omission of essential medications, the administration of an incorrect medication, and by incorrect documentation. Although this nursing diagnosis will not appear on the care plan, it applies to every situation in which a patient is being given medications.
Another nursing diagnosis frequently appropriate when administering medications is Knowledge deficit. In this case the Knowledge Deficit would be related to some aspect of the medication regimen; for example, the need to be aware of drug interactions when taking antacids.
In any healthcare facility, medications are administered according to procedures and policies defined by that facility.
what is one of the nurse's most routine and yet most critical responsibilities
A health education B research C unit management
D preparing and given medication
the following conditions can cause patient's injury except_______:
A wrong dosage B incorrect time C follow the doctor's prescription
D omission of essential medications
in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication and recognize side effects on time, the nurse must have knowledge except:
A how medicines act B person to give medication
C the usual dosage D the desired effects
when taking antacids, nurses must be aware of:
A time to take medication B dosage C drug interactions D the patient's disease
四,完型填空(8')
Meals should be timed___1____ the clients' usual habits of sleeping and being awake rather than being limited to the traditional mealtime. Older adults often can only tolerate __2__ meals. They have well-established food patterns which the wise nurse may attempt to modify if __3____ but should not try to radically changes. A man who has not eaten a salad in 76 years probably won't begin to eat "rabbit food", but he may be willing to have bran muffins __4__ breakfast.
Additional bulk and liquids are often a dietary need of the elderly because of slowed peristalsis and less sensitivity to thirst. This combination often __5___ elimination patterns and constipation develops. Dietary modifications are the optimal ___6_____ for relieving this problem because dependency on laxatives, cathartics, and enemas is easily established. The usual pattern of elimination for each client should be clarified__7____ an understanding that a daily bowel movement is not a prerequisite to health___8____. Difficulty in defecation can be helped by having older adults put their feet on a low stool when sitting on the toilet. This modified squatting position promotes the passage of stool.
a. because of b. due to c. according to
a. big b. small c. some
a. necessary b. needed c. importance
a. as b. for c. to
a. alters b. develops c. grows
a. form b. process c. method
a. with b. upon c. to
a. position b. condition c. method
五,将下列短文译成中文(20')
Hospitals are seen as a place for learning how to stay well in addition to a place for "getting well". The patient is seen as a "customer" and there is a trend to include "guest relations" programs hospital-wide in order to provide the patients and visitors with an atmosphere of caring and concern. Hospitals have already learned that good customer relations make their "bottle line". Customers, it seems, share their experiences with others. One study revealed that every good experience was shared with six other people, whereas every bad experience was shared with 21 people.
六,作文(15')
根据下列要求写一篇150单词左右的短文.
你是XXX,申请到一家医院当护士长,对方要求你用英语写一篇短文介绍自己的基本情况.
中南大学现代远程教育课程考试
《护理英语(一)》答卷
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2006年第一学习阶段