"年度","题数","级别","题目分类标签(33类)","题目","选项1","选项2","选项3","选项4","答案","解析" "101","1","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","未受污染的地下水,在环境中所扮演的角色为何?","消费者","生产者","资源","污染源","3","乾净的地下水是一个简便、价廉、稳定、安全的水资源." "101","2","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤提供给人类和陆上生物何种需求?","活动空间","食物","氧气","以上皆是","4","土壤是植物生长的媒质,土壤微生物繁殖的培养基,更是人类以及非水生动物活动的基石,提供活动空间、食物与氧气等资源." "101","3","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","保护地下水不受污染,人人有责.下列对於保护地下水之叙述何者「错误」?","研订并落实地下水污染防治相关法规","全面兴建都市卫生下水道系统与污水处理场","控制使用毒害性农药及加强畜牧养殖业废水处理","将自家垃圾倾倒於荒地中,达到废弃物再利用的目的","4","垃圾倾倒於荒地,會导致垃圾渗出,污染水体(地表水和地下水),并使病媒蚊孳生,对环境造成危害." "101","4","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者可能为土壤及地下水之污染来源?","咸水养殖池","地下储油槽","垃圾掩埋场","以上皆是","4","垃圾掩埋之渗出水、咸水养殖池、地下储油槽不当处置皆會造成土壤及地下水污染." "101","5","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列对地下水之叙述,何者正确?","地下水取之不尽用之不竭,应该尽量使用","地下水在地层深部,因此不會受到污染","抽取地下水不用付钱,因此用愈多愈好","地下水抽取过多會导致地层下陷","4","地下水的形成往往需经过长时间的积蓄才能达到人类可探取使用的水量,所有的天然资源皆相同并非取之不尽用之不竭,当水土严重流失、过度超抽地下水或其他行为导致地下水水源供不应求时,地下水将枯竭." "101","6","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","台湾中南部沿海地区养殖渔业发达,屏东林边地区可发现许多房屋低矮,且半截埋陷於地下,何种原因最可能造成此现象?","地震","超抽地下水","土石流","地层抬升","2","长期超抽地下水,一旦地下水压降得太低,这些地下水压所减少的支撑力将转移至地层的组成颗粒,造成颗粒间的孔隙被压密,因而发生地层下陷灾害." "101","7","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者「不是」常见的土壤颜色?","红色","褐色","黑色","绿色","4","我们经常看到的土壤有灰色、黑色、红色、褐色以及蓝色等,这是由於土壤生成方式不同也就是成土方式不同所导致的." "101","8","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","发现土壤及地下水受污染了该怎麽办?","通知教育局","通知消防局","通知环保相关单位","完全不通知","3","民众发现土壤或地下水、表面水、水井、住家地下室或地下公共设施管线内有明显浮油或是油气存在时,应立即通报所在地主管机关.而业者於油品类储槽系统周遭发现储存物质、操作系统异常或是测漏设备显示有泄漏可能时,应於24小时内通报所在地主管机关." "101","9","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","在河道迳流量中有84.04%直接入海,主要是因为台湾的哪个气候特性所致?","四季分明","四季都是雨季","降雨集中","以上皆非","3","在河道迳流量中有84.04%直接入海,主要是因为台湾的地形(坡陡流急)及气候(夏雨集中率高)等特性所致." "101","10","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤的组成包括哪些?","固相物质","液相物质","气相物质","以上皆是","4","土壤是由固相、液相及气相物质所构成的多项组合.固相成分包括无机成分:氧化物、矽酸盐等,以及有机物质,腐植质、微生物等.液相成分是指土壤中的水分溶液,气相成分系指土壤孔隙率扣除液相成分的气体." "101","11","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","中南部近海农民常超抽地下水灌溉农田,會造成下列何种问题?","地下水总量會越抽越多","近海农田土壤土地盐化","沿海鱼类资源降低","土地生产力會增加","2","地下水位於地层下面,有支持地面的作用,如果超抽地下水會导致地层下陷,若该地区又临近海岸,还會出现海水入侵,造成沿海土地盐化而生产力降低,甚至无法再耕作." "101","12","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","在河道迳流量中有84.04%直接入海,主要是因为台湾的哪个地形特性所致?","坡陡流急","弯弯曲曲","河道平缓","河道宽阔","1","在河道迳流量中有84.04%直接入海,主要是因为台湾的地形(坡陡流急)及气候(夏雨集中率高)等特性所致." "101","13","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者是土壤受到污染时會产生的直接影响?","影响农产品安全","影响房屋的价格","影响肺部呼吸","影响旅游的安全","1","土壤受到污染會让它失去肥力,生长在上面的动植物因吸收毒物而死亡,如果食用被污染的蔬菜或饮用受污染的水源也會有中毒的危险." "101","14","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者是台湾主要污染土壤的来源?","畜牧业排放废水","工业区废水排入农田","焚化炉排放废气及微粒","废热污染","2","台湾主要的土壤污染源为工业废水、农业及化学肥料的废水、工业及汽机车废气与酸雨,畜牧废水不当排放等,焚化厂有装设空气污染防制设施,大大减少悬浮物的外泄." "101","15","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","地下水受到污染后會有什麽影响?","整治需投入庞大时间及金钱","人体健康受到威胁","自然生态受到破坏","以上皆是","4","一旦地下水遭受污染,往往需要投入庞大的金钱与时间进行后续的污染整治工作,不但水的卫生品质堪虑,无法提供人类所使用,自然生态亦遭受到破坏,人体的健康将受到威胁,且将影响国家的经济、社會、工业等平衡发展,其损失不可言喻." "101","16","初级","公害纠纷","如果发现河川颜色异常或鱼类大量死亡时,应该打电话给以下哪个单位?","当地环保机关","环保署督察总隊","环保署三区督察大隊","以上皆可","4","民众可以直接向各级环保报案中心报案." "101","17","初级","公害纠纷","如果发现附近餐厅正在排放浓浓的油烟,应打电话给以下哪个单位处理?","卫生局","环保局","建设局","警察局","2","餐厅排放油烟是空气污染行为,民众可直接打电话到环保局或各级环保报案中心进行举发." "101","18","初级","公害纠纷","国内退休军公教人员加入环保署环境守护隊服务计画之年龄限制为以下何者?","60岁","65岁","70岁","75岁","3","依环境守护隊执行要点规範,国内退休军公教人员,凡70岁以下具有服务热忱、爱护环境、志愿贡献社會者为环境守护隊服务计画之招募对象." "101","19","初级","公害纠纷","以下何种状况环保署「不能」拨放检举环境污染事件奖金给举发人?","匿名或以虚伪姓名、地址举发","中央及地方公职人员","各级环境保护机关现职人员","以上皆是","4","匿名、公职人员或现职为环境保护相关业务人员皆不得请领举发奖金.此外,如民众举发之污染案件与环境保护主管机关已查获者为同一污染事实,亦无法通过审核." "101","20","初级","公害纠纷","在哪个网站可以查询公害纠纷案件处理内容?","公害纠纷处理资讯系统","环境影响评估书件查询系统","列管污染源资料查询系统","环保专案查询系统","1","环境影响评估书件查询系统主要提供环评书件资料线上查询使用;列管污染源资料查询系统主要内容为各列管污染源申报资料;环保专案查询系统主要为环保单位委办专案资料及执行成果." "101","21","初级","公害纠纷","环保机关受理公害陈情案件时间为何?","全天24小时","每天08:00至17:00","每天09:00至21:00","周一至周五配合机关上班时间","1","依环境保护机关处理民众陈情公害污染案件注意事项规範,各级环保报案中心应无分假期,全天二十四小时受理公害陈情案件,并依據陈情人所描述之具体公害污染事实,详细记录污染源位址、污染类别、状况、污染时间、频率及是否受害等事项,并予登记、区分、统计及列入管制." "101","22","初级","公害纠纷","下列何者是人为的环境公害?","暴雨","邻居的狗常常吠叫","台风","火山爆发","2","地震、台风、暴雨是天然灾害,人为活动造成的水污染、空气污染、土壤污染,以及噪音、恶臭、地层下陷等现象,则属於环境公害." "101","23","初级","文化保存","国家公园属於哪一级空气污染防制区?","一级防制区","二级防制区","三级防制区","四级防制区","1","国家公园属於一级空气污染防制区.一级防制区内,除维系区内住户民生需要之设施、国家公园经营管理必要设施或国防设施外,不得新增或变更固定污染源." "101","24","初级","文化保存","台江国家公园区原大多属台江内海,二百多年来,由於淤积陆化逐渐被开发成盐田、鱼塭及村落,其因位在亚洲水鸟迁徙的路线上.每年何时都會有数以万计的候鸟经此南下过境,或留在盐田、鱼塭及河口浮覆地度冬?","春夏","夏秋","秋冬","冬春","3","每年秋、冬季节都會有数以万计的候鸟经此南下过境,或留在盐田、鱼塭及河口浮覆地度冬." "101","25","初级","文化保存","第一座以平埔族命名的国家风景区,不但有著丰沛的物产、秀丽的山水,还有许多传奇的人文故事,此地为下列何者?","参山国家风景区","茂林国家风景区","大鹏湾国家风景区","西拉雅国家风景区","4","西拉雅国家风景区因陆续发现史前文化遗址,且有不少平埔原住民西拉雅族后代迁移至此,并保有传统的西拉雅公廨及独有的「夜祭」活动,而以「西拉雅」命名,为全台第一座以人文概念命名的国家风景区." "101","26","初级","环境检验","小明利用「广用试纸」测试所收集的酸雨,其试纸會呈现何种颜色?","绿色","红色","蓝色","紫色","2","「广用试纸」是用以检测酸硷值,变色範围由酸到硷,會有像红-橙-黄-绿-蓝的连续变化(红色为酸,中性为绿,蓝色为硷性).当雨水酸硷值在5.6以下时,即确定受到人为酸性污染物的影响.广用试纸在酸性溶液中呈现红色." "101","27","初级","水污染","小华在河边散步时,闻到臭味,当他往河面望去,可能會看到下列哪些景象?","鱼群在水中悠游","水面上有野鸟觅食","水色污浊且河底有气泡上浮","河水清澈见底","3","当河水有臭味产生,表示水质不佳,水色污浊且增加甲烷、硫化氢与氨气等气体产生" "101","28","初级","水质监测","小明利用简易温度计量测居家附近夏天中午的河水温度,其显示值最有可能为下列何者?","5-10℃","11-20℃","21-30℃","35-45℃","3","夏天中午的河水温度约为21-30℃" "101","29","初级","水污染","台湾地区目前废水排放总量,最多的是哪一类污水?","工厂污水","矿场污水","生活污水","农业污水","3","台湾地区目前废水排放总量,最多的是生活污水." "101","30","初级","水污染","湖泊或水库等水体中藻类大量繁殖导致水质恶化的现象称为?","优氧化","优养化","缺养化","缺氧化","2","湖泊或水库等水体中藻类大量繁殖导致水质恶化的现象称为优养化." "101","31","初级","水污染","下列哪一种微生物长久以来一直被当作水污染的指标生物?","霍乱弧菌","沙门氏杆菌","大肠杆菌","志贺氏杆菌","3","微生物大肠杆菌长久以来一直被当作水污染的指标生物." "101","32","初级","水污染","小明和家人到垦丁浮潜,发现海底珊瑚变成白色,较可能的原因是?","海中鱼类增多","水质遭受污染","藻类增多","地震","2","珊瑚白化可能是海水温度升高或排入大量悬浮固体物等水质污染所导致." "101","33","初级","水污染","小华夏天清晨在河边晨跑,发现鱼群暴毙,下列何者为最可能的原因?","水温过低","水中溶氧不足","鸟类觅食","工厂排放浓烟","2","鱼群暴毙最主要的原因为水中溶氧不足" "101","34","初级","水污染","小明在河口发现牡蠣呈现绿色,可能是遭受何种物质的污染?","铜","锌","铅","汞","1","民国75年,高雄县茄萣乡附近海域(尤其是二仁溪口海域)养殖的牡蠣发现呈绿色,此一牡蠣变绿事件引起消费大众的恐慌,市售牡蠣价格一落千丈,而乏人问津的绿牡蠣经省政府决定予以销毁,避免不肖商人以鱼目混珠方式销售而影响国民健康.经研究调查发现铜是导致牡蠣变绿的主要原因,铜的来源是源自废五金处理." "101","35","初级","水质监测","若您有意愿保护河川生态,可以积极参与下列何种作为?(A)定期水质监测(B)河川认养维护(C)定期巡守(D)外来鱼种放生","ABC","BC","ABCD","ABD","1","鼓励民众参与河川整治、保育工作,鼓励社区提供适当地点美化环境并处理其污水,建立河川志工监测、认养制度,自发性关切社区周边河川品质." "101","36","初级","自然保育","小英参加学校举办的认识湿地户外教学,她在这次活动可能获得下列哪些知识?","湿地可净化水质","湿地具生态保育功能","湿地具环境教育功能","以上皆是","4","湿地具有水质净水功能、生态保育功能、环境教育功能、游憩功能等." "101","37","初级","水污染","下列何者「不是」水质污染會对河川生态造成的影响?","植物死亡","威胁人体健康","危害水中生物","提高河川亲水性","4","水污染不仅对人类有很大的影响,对於其他生物,也造成相当大的威胁.例如:水质优氧化后,水中溶氧量减少,造成水生动、植物大量死亡.而水中如果含有有毒物质或油污,也會造成水生动、植物和以它们为主食的动物,体内含有毒素,甚至死亡." "101","38","初级","水质监测","因为水污染造成之水俣(minata)病是何种污染物所引起的?","汞","铜","镉","砷","1","水俣病实际为有汞中毒.患者手足麻痹,甚至步行困难、运动障碍、失智、聽力及言语障碍;重者例如痉挛、神经错乱,最后死亡,至今仍无有效的治疗法." "101","39","初级","水污染","小华在学校做完化学实验所产生的有毒废液,下列的处置方式何者较正确?","直接倒入水槽","拿去浇灌花木","倒入废液桶","放入冰箱保存,待下次实验再使用","3","实验使用过的废液,通常依性质区分为废酸、废硷、重金属废液、有机废液及含卤素有机废液等,应分别以不同废液桶收集后委托合格厂商处理.如果废液性质单纯,建议可於实验室内以烧杯规模自行处理至符合废水排放规定后加以排放.一般而言,废液桶放置於检验室,必要时以二层桶包装,并在内外桶中间放置吸附材质,以防範泄漏意外." "101","40","初级","水质监测","环保署主要在哪个季节执行较密集的海滩水质监测?","春","夏","秋","冬","2","环保署在夏季办理海滩水质监测,并将所监测数據公布於环保署「全国环境水质监测资讯网」,供民众查询查询使用.由於夏天较多海边活动,故夏天较密集监测海滩水质." "101","41","初级","水质监测","当下列何种鱼类出现,可能代表河川水质恶化?","吴郭鱼","鯝鱼","樱花钩吻鲑","苦花","1","鱼种分布与水质关系密切,鱼类适应力各有不同.目前以鱼类为污染指标系统分为五个水质等级,分别为未受污染指标鱼种(鯝鱼)、轻度污染指标鱼种(台湾樱口鳅)、普通污染指标鱼种(平颔鱲)、中度污染指标鱼种(乌鱼、鲤鱼、鲫鱼)及严重污染指标鱼种(吴郭鱼、泰国鳢鱼、琵琶鼠)." "101","42","初级","水质监测","若比较地下水水源与地面水水源的差异,下列哪一项叙述较「不正确」?","地下水含盐量较高","地下水的密度较高","地下水的温差较小","地下水较不會被污染","4","地下水分为自由水层及受限水层,通常当作水源者以受限水层为主,较不會污染.地下水的水源具有下列特性:含盐量较高、密度较高、温差较小,但於污染以后更难恢复." "101","43","初级","环境教育","台湾最长的河川是哪一条?","高屏溪","浊水溪","秀姑峦溪","大汉溪","2","台湾最长的河川浊水溪,干流长度为186.4公里,发源於合欢山主峰与东峰之佐久间鞍部,标高约3,200公尺;流经南投、彰化及云林县境,於彰化县大城乡与云林县麦寮乡交界出海,主要支流计清水溪、陈有兰溪及东埔蚋溪." "101","44","初级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」饮用水水质监测项目之一?","甜度","大肠杆菌","砷","汞","1","甜度并非饮用水水质监测项目.饮用水水源水质项目包括:大肠杆菌群密度、氨氮、化学需氧量、总有机碳、砷、铅、镉、铬、汞、硒." "101","45","初级","水质监测","水中汞污染物危害性主要是因为它具有下列何种特性?","累积毒性","急毒性","干扰生物之生殖性统","影响人体之呼吸系统","1","汞是累积性毒物,对人体健康伤害性极大,有机汞和无机汞主要影响分别为中枢神经系统和肾脏伤害等." "101","46","初级","水质监测","水中悬浮粒子大量增加,对鱼类會造成何种影响?","有效躲避其他生物的攻击","只对水生植物有影响","增加鱼群的食物量","阻碍鱼类生长繁殖","4","河川环境突然有很大的改变,大部分是污水排入的现象,这些污水會影响水中生物的生长与繁殖能力,最后可能导致死亡." "101","47","初级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」海滩水质监测在发布资料时所分的等级?","优良","普通","不得从事海上作业","不宜亲水活动","3","为让民众瞭解海滩水质,做为亲水活动参考,环保署自民国88年起,开始进行监测,采样时於该海滩水域安全索範围内,左、中、右各一处,水深约1公尺处采集水样,每次采样同时拍照纪录海滩环境及水色等现场资讯,资料发布分级方式则分为「优良」、「普通」、「不宜亲水活动」等3级." "101","48","初级","自然保育","垦丁著名的满州赏鹰活动中所关注的是下列哪一种保育类野生动物?","赤腹鹰","黑翅鸢","灰面鵟鹰","兰屿角鴞","3","垦丁每年南来北往经过或留下渡冬的候鸟,多达二百种以上.其中最为熟知的就是每年秋季过境的日行性猛禽灰面鵟鹰(又名灰面鹫),灰面鵟鹰的停栖地稳定,而且天黑之前都有可能反覆在空中盘旋及降落,形成相当壮观的景象." "101","49","初级","自然保育","下列哪一项「不是」对海洋生物多样性保育有利的行为?","多认?海滨及海洋生物,共同?作宣导海洋生态保育的义工","多举办如黑鲔鱼季等活动鼓励大家消费","??倒污水、??丢垃圾,海钓、潜水应遵守规定,?踢珊瑚及下锚等","?吃活海鲜,只摄影、?采集、?收集、?购买海洋生物","2","目前全球的三类黑鲔鱼有两类已经确实证明具有过度捕捞现象并受到国际限渔规定保护,而唯一未被公认具有危机的太平洋黑鲔鱼也逐渐出现异常徵兆的同时,大力推广一个涵盖鲔鱼美食文化的促进消费活动,将會使海洋资源消耗情形更加严重." "101","50","初级","自然保育","下列哪一项是由海洋生态系提供人类利用的资源?","食物","矿物","发电","以上皆是","4","海洋除了提供鱼产外,亦供应人类许多非生物资源,如海水及海洋能源发电等." "101","51","初级","自然保育","对於在台湾许多以宗教为名的放生活动,下列敍述哪一项是正确的?","把动物放生到不适合的地方,动物可能无法适应新环境而死亡","放生的出发点是尊重生命、爱护环境,也是护生的一部分,因此应该经常举行","放生能够扩大物种分布的範围,有助於增加物种生存的机會","放生活动可以增加商业买卖,有助於经济发展","1","被放生的个体容易因对於生存环境的不适应,或是与原栖地物种的竞争增加,而导致死亡." "101","52","初级","自然保育","台湾水鹿为台湾原产最大的草食性野生动物,下列对於台湾水鹿的描述何者「错误」?","台湾水鹿属保育第二级珍贵稀有野生动物","主要分布於中高海拔","由於分布区偏远,因此并无盗猎贩售的威胁","为台湾特有亚种","3","雄性台湾水鹿长成的鹿茸及鹿鞭,为许多非法捕杀牟利的猎人的主要目标." "101","53","初级","自然保育","去野外观赏萤火虫时,下列哪一种行为是正确的?","用包著红色玻璃纸的手电筒来做为照明","利用闪光灯来照相才能在黑暗中拍到清楚的照片","使用网子来捕捉萤火虫才能进行仔细观察","将萤火虫带回家里做为宠物来饲养","1","萤火虫对光线的敏感度很高,但牠们看不到红色的光,因此使用红火的手电筒观察不會对萤火虫活动产生影响." "101","54","初级","自然保育","下列何者「不是」造成全球暖化的原因?","热带雨林的砍伐","工业及交通运输消耗石化燃料","人口快速增加","生物多样性降低","4","造成温室效应的气体以二氧化碳、氧化亚氮、甲烷、氟氯碳化物及臭氧为主,这些污染物主要是燃烧石化原料所产生的.人口快速增加使石化燃料使用增加;而原本可藉由热带雨林来吸收大量的二氧化碳,但是人类过渡砍伐雨林,使温室效应日渐严重." "101","55","初级","低碳永续家园","家里的冰箱是家里最耗能的电气产品,因此如何正确使用冰箱是非常重要的.以下哪一项是有效节能减碳的作法?","购买节能标章的冰箱","每周定期清理冰箱里的物品","减少开关冰箱的频率","以上皆是","4","冰箱是家里节电的首选,然而不是每个家庭都有经费来购买新冰箱;因此,正确地的操作也是必须努力学习的." "101","56","初级","低碳永续家园","下列哪种消暑方法不能达到节能减碳的作用?","冷气温度保持在26~28℃,并搭配风扇使用","使用传统灯具,可使室内温度降低","穿著透气舒适的衣物,减少闷热感","利用窗帘或百叶窗的设计,减少太阳照射,以降低室内温度","2","建议更换省电灯泡,可有效减少因照明产生的热能." "101","57","初级","低碳永续家园","以下哪一项「不是」节约总用水量的好方法?","雨水的回收","减低工业用水","减少打扫洗地的次数","以淋浴替代泡澡","3","二十一世纪,人类所面临的生存问题,最严重的是能源,其次是水,再来是粮食及环境.不过生活才是重点,不可以为了省水而不重视卫生." "101","58","初级","低碳永续家园","以下哪一项是有效提昇家里用电效率的作法?","吹冷气时,打开部分窗户通风","将电流与电压间偏离的相角调回零","把客厅的灯全部开光来阅读","将刚洗好的衣服,赶快直接进行烘衣程序","2","很多家庭生活的小细节,都严重影响到用电的效率.而相角的偏离,更直接让台电送进来的电变成虚功率而无法使用." "101","59","初级","灾害防救","防火巷最主要的功能是什麽?","火灾时的避难处","防止火势蔓延","停放机车、脚踏车","玩捉迷藏","2","防火间隔之目的系当发生火灾时,阻隔火势蔓延,以避免影响邻幢建筑物之安全" "101","60","初级","灾害防救","在面对各个季节流行疾病的来临,我们应该如何因应?","多去医院打针吃药","待在家中不要出门","保持环境清洁养成良好个人卫生习惯","对於染病的同学排斥不理","3","面对流行性疾病,民众应做好个人卫生习惯,维持手部清洁(勤洗手)、咳嗽或打喷嚏后更应立即洗手,不要用手直接碰触眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴并多注意呼吸道卫生及咳嗽礼节." "101","61","初级","灾害防救","下列哪位民众的行为最容易引发火灾?","电脑玩到半夜12点","跟朋友讲电话","随手关灯","在自家顶楼放鞭炮","4","点燃鞭炮除应有大人陪同之外,还要注意周遭环境是否有放物易燃物,否则很容易會酿成火灾." "101","62","初级","灾害防救","假如家中发生火灾,应拨打下列何者电话号码求救?","113","165","119","1950","3","如遇到火灾时,可拨打119进行通报.而113为妇幼保护专线、165为反诈骗专线、1950为全国消费者服务专线." "101","63","初级","灾害防救","农委會水土保持局於台风期间发布土石流红色警戒时,住在警戒区的民众应配合事项为何?","待在家里注意广播或电视","撤离至乡镇公所安排之避难所","主动集中到土石流溪流谷口平坦处避难","暂时搬到房子比较坚固的邻居家","2","土石流「红色警戒」的意义为:当某地区的「实际降雨」大於当地的「土石流警戒基准值」,水土保持局即针对该地区发布红色警戒,故附件居民应立即撤离至安全地." "101","64","初级","灾害防救","厨房是家中最易引起火灾的地方,作饭、烧菜时尽量避免离开现场;一旦让油锅起火时,应用何种方式在第一时间将火尽速扑灭?","马上用大量的水扑救","盖上锅盖,即时使用灭火器","打开抽油烟机把火抽走","只打电话给消防隊来救火","2","厨房油锅起火时,不能用水灭火,不但灭不了,还會让火灾蔓延;最好的方式是关掉瓦斯并盖上锅盖或以湿棉被覆盖,可以隔绝空气,让火迅速熄灭." "101","65","初级","灾害防救","下列何种行为将增加山崩、土石流的发生机率?","不当开发山坡地","多种植树木","做好水土保持","远离土石流危险区","1","不当开发山坡地會破坏山坡地结构,遇到下雨天就會增加土石流灾害发生." "101","66","初级","灾害防救","截至西元2012年,缔约国最多的国际环境公约为以下何者?","京都议定书","生物多样性公约","华盛顿公约","蒙特娄议定书","2","截至西元2012年,缔约国最多的国际环境公约为《生物多样性公约》." "101","67","初级","灾害防救","下列何者「不是」国际间对於温室效应主要管制的气体?","甲烷","氧化亚氮","二氧化碳","氨气","4","會吸收地球长波辐射的气体称为温室气体,包含甲烷、氧化亚氮、二氧化碳、六氟化硫、全氟碳化物和氢氟碳化物等." "101","68","初级","灾害防救","对於降低灾害所带来的影响力,下列何者「不是」以预防胜於治疗的观念的政策?","办理防灾研讨會","竖立土石流警告牌","加强灾后重建","发送防灾宣导品","3","以预防胜於治疗的观念来看,办理防灾研讨會、竖立土石流警告牌、发送防灾宣导品、广开训练课程、进行防灾教育等都是属於预防层面." "101","69","初级","灾害防救","下列何者「不是」台湾常见的天然灾害?","地滑","落石","飓风","台风","3","根據我国《农业天然灾害救助办法》的规定,天然灾害是指因为台风、焚风、豪雨、霪雨、冰雹、寒流或地震所造成的灾害.而台湾主要的天然灾害大致可以分为:地震、落石、地滑、土石流、海岸后退、地层下陷、土壤侵蚀、台风、豪雨、洪水以及乾旱等几种.其中尤其以台风以及地震的影响最为明显." "101","70","初级","社区参与","看见有人危害到社区环境,我们应该采取下列何种行为?","试图劝说,请他停止不当行为","看著他破坏环境","跟他一起破坏社区环境","马上跑走","1","维护社区环境是社区每一份子该尽的义务." "101","71","初级","社区参与","何种是有益社区的环境行为?","喝完的饮料空罐随手丢弃","看到有人破坏社区的绿化植栽會制止他人的行为","乱攀折花草","拿粉笔在围墙/铁门上画图","2","维护社区环境是社区每一份子该尽的义务." "101","72","初级","社区参与","维护社区的环境是谁的责任?","负责打扫的工友们","清洁隊","社区的每一份子","跟大家都无关","3","维护社区环境是社区每一份子该尽的义务." "101","73","初级","社区参与","面对全球的环境问题,社区民众可以做到甚麽来维护社区环境?","路灯开整天","多使用替代行为代替汽机车","在绿地上铺水泥架设新球场","每逢佳节大放烟火","2","减少社区产生的二氧化碳,有助於减缓全球的环境问题." "101","74","初级","社区参与","下列何者是社区努力减少全球温度继续升高的方法?","鼓励大家吹冷气","鼓励节能减碳做环保","不需做垃圾分类","路灯开整天","2","为了减缓温度效应,政府大力宣导民众要向应节能减碳做环保,例如外出使用环保餐具、购买有节能标章的商品等." "101","75","初级","社区参与","下列哪一种行为对社区环境保护最有利?","汽机车乱停","把家里不要的盆栽拿到路上放","劝阻他人破坏环境的行为","乱丢垃圾","3","维护社区环境是大家的责任,不应任意破坏环境." "101","76","初级","空污","下列何者与雨水酸化有直接的关系?","车辆快速增加","工业转为农业","经济停滯发展","少子化现象","1","雨水酸化的现象与台湾经济发展从农业转型至工业,以及机动车辆快速增加有关." "101","77","初级","空污","下列何者能有效控制道路扬尘现象?","填补路面坑洞","增设大型风扇","增加行驶车辆","冲洗路面","4","有效控制道路扬尘的方法包括清扫或冲洗路面,降低灰尘四处飞扬." "101","78","初级","空污","下列何者是属於固定污染源?","柴油火车","工厂烟囱","船舶","飞机","2","固定污染源为非因本身动力而改变位置之污染源,包括工厂、场之烟囱排放、厂内逸散、营建施工产生之粉尘逸散、露天燃烧等." "101","79","初级","空污","下列哪一层是人类生活的主要环境?","对流层","平流层","增温层","中气层","1","对流层高度在极区上空约7~8公里,赤道上空可达16~19公里,几乎所有人类活动及大气现象均集中在这一层." "101","80","初级","空气品质监测","下列何者是属於自然悬浮微粒?","火山灰","工业灰尘","煤烟","汽车废气","1","自然悬浮微粒有火山灰、尘灰(soildust;大部分产自北非及亚洲的沙漠地区)、海盐悬浮微粒(seasaltaerosol)等." "101","81","初级","空气品质监测","2010年台湾温室气体总排放量,以二氧化碳最大宗,约占整体的百分之几?","约56%","约66%","约86%","约96%","4","2010年台湾温室气体总排放量为274.7百万公吨二氧化碳当量,若按照气体别而言,以二氧化碳为台湾所排放温室气体中最大宗,约占96.48%." "101","82","初级","空气品质监测","下列何种空气品质指标污染物是台湾过去十年间改善幅度最大的?","二氧化氮","悬浮微粒","臭氧","二氧化硫","4","在过去的十年间国内空气品质指标物中,改善幅度最大者为二氧化硫(SO2),其浓度呈逐年下降趋势,而悬浮微粒(PM10)、一氧化碳(CO)及二氧化氮(NO2)浓度亦呈现改善趋势." "101","83","初级","空气品质监测","下?何者?是国内「空气污染指标值(PSI)」指标物?","PM10","NO2","SO2","CO2","4","国内「空气污染指标值(PSI)」标物,包括PM10、NO2、SO2、TSP及O3." "101","84","初级","非游离辐射及物理公害","紫外线可能會对人体哪些方面产生危害?","皮肤","免疫系统","眼睛","以上皆是","4","在紫外线长期的曝露下,皮肤可能导致黑色素瘤的发生.对眼睛的伤害大多发生於水晶体及眼部周围,容易导致眼部周围皮肤癌、视网膜的变质与退化.在免疫系统部分,则會增加我们受病原、微生物感染的可能." "101","85","初级","气候变迁","造成气候变迁最重要的因素,就全球尺度而言哪一项是最重要的?","二十世纪的二次世界战争","波湾石油战争","全球粮食危机","人类大量使用化石能源","4","在二十世纪期间,地球大气中二氧化碳浓度已经升高30%,造成地球表面的温度升高0.7℃.就全球尺度而言,人类大量使用化石能源是造成气候变迁最重要的因素;就区域及地方尺度而言,都市化与土地使用变迁也是相当重要的因素." "101","86","初级","气候变迁","气温升高會造成许多农业生产的冲击,以下哪一项「不會」发生?","干扰农园艺作物的生长期","促进杂草生长","加速病虫害繁殖","常导致稻米品质变佳","4","气温升高干扰农园艺作物的生长期,威胁作物产量与品质.温度升高也會促进杂草生长,加速病虫害繁殖,不利作物生长,高温与热浪亦常导致稻米品质变差." "101","87","初级","气候变迁","臭氧层被破坏后,太阳光中的哪一种能量會透入大气中,危害人?的健康?","宇宙射线","红外线","紫外线","雷射","3","臭氧层被破坏后,太阳光中的紫外线會透入大气中,危害人?的健康." "101","88","初级","灾害防救","重视森林保护,使森林在上游发挥阻水、储水的功能,并维持良好的水土保育,能够防治下列何种灾害的发生?","地层下陷","台风","地震","洪水","4","重视森林保护,使森林在上游发挥阻水、储水的功能,并维持良好的水土保育;兴建良好的排水系统,都是减少洪水灾害发生的根本之道." "101","89","初级","环境影响评估","以下哪一项是生态敏感地?","稻田","水雉生态区","台北木栅动物园","生态池","2","「环境敏感区」系指对於人类具有特殊价值或具有潜在天然灾害,极容易受到人为的不当开发活动之影响而产生环境负面效应的地区,即是「高环境敏感度」的地区,其环境品质或资源亟需受到吾人之重视与适当的护育.依據其所具有之特性和功能属性予以区分,可分为下列四类:灾害敏感区、生态敏感区、景观敏感区、生产性资源敏感区等." "101","90","初级","饮用水管理","现今台湾饮用水主要来源为何?","山泉水","井水","地下水","自来水","4","我国截至民国94年底自来水普及率已达91.63%." "101","91","初级","饮用水管理","下列何者「不是」包装饮用水?","包装矿泉水","包装蒸馏水","包装纯水","包装气泡水","4","依據《饮用水管理条例》,一般已加料、加味或打入气泡之饮料不包含在包装饮用水里." "101","92","初级","饮用水管理","水塔、水池清洗为建筑物用水设备之重要维护工作,至少多久应清洗一次?","三个月","半年","一年","两年","2","水塔、水池之清洗为建筑物用水设备重要的维护工作,至少应每半年清洗一次(得视水质情况弹性调整).清洗时应澈底清除水池、水塔之沉淀物与杂质,且同时检修各项有关设备;另亦可委托合格之专业清洗业者来办理." "101","93","初级","温室气体减量","以下哪一项「不是」台湾都市绿建筑避免热岛效应作法?","架设绿屋顶","多建金属玻璃帷幕大楼","增设草沟设计","在空地设计贮集渗透水池","2","金属玻璃帷幕其透光性强,虽可减少灯光照明器具,但相对地其室内温度较高,导致冷气使用时间长久,反而加速热岛效应的产生." "101","94","初级","温室气体减量","《京都协议书》主要共识是什麽?","全面管制塑化剂的使用","全面管制多氯联苯","环境荷尔蒙物质的管制","管制二氧化碳的排放","4","《京都协议书》主要共识是管制二氧化碳的排放." "101","95","初级","资源回收","对於社区的塑胶袋、保丽龙没有人回收,下列何者是正确的做法?","交给资源回收车","丢入垃圾子车","贮存在家里","露天焚烧","1","建议社区与资源回收清除单位签订契约时,可明文规定不可拒收或将廉价之资源回收物(如保丽龙、塑胶袋...等)丢入垃圾子车中,若负责社区之资源回收清除单位仍拒收塑胶袋、保丽龙,建议社区应更换资源回收单位以落实资源回收工作,亦可转请本局清洁隊协助清运资源回收物." "101","96","初级","资源回收","下列何者是铁罐的特徵?","一体成型无接缝","质轻、运输成本较低","易压扁回收","罐身有接缝","4","铁容器:(1)主要为镀锡铁片制成,俗称马口铁,昔称洋铁(TinPlate).(2)铁容器系由三片镀锡铁片制成,通常辨识的方法为罐身有接缝.(3)马口铁具有良好的不透光性、密封性、锡的还原作用及提供有效的铁质来源,故其包装用途广,包括饮料罐、食品罐、奶粉罐、酱菜罐." "101","97","初级","资源回收","?刀片、玻璃碎片等尖锐利器,应该如何正确的处理?","太危险了,赶快丢进垃圾桶","用黑色塑胶袋装起来丢弃","拿旧报纸包好,装垃圾袋后,在上面注明有利器","以上皆可","3","怎样处理这些尖锐的垃圾呢?最好是用旧报纸把破碎的物品包好,装在垃圾袋内,外面再用签字笔或字条注明内有利器." "101","98","初级","资源回收","若清洁隊的服务态度不好或专业知识不足,而未落实资源回收工作,应该如何反应?","拿垃圾丢掷","挡住垃圾车和他理论","打去环保局检举","打去消防局检举","3","若该轄区之资源回收工作未落实或服务态度有待改善,建请述明时间、地点、车号等详细资料,迳向该县市环保局或资源回收专线0800-085717(谐音:您帮我,清一清)反映检举." "101","99","初级","资源回收","可资源回收的铝罐,下列何者是回收前应做的步骤?","冲洗","分类贮放","压扁","以上皆是","4","回收三部曲为:冲洗、压扁、分类贮放,有助於节省运输成本及提高回收再生品质,但非属必要措施,依配合回收的单位做适当的处理." "101","100","初级","资源回收","关於旧衣回收的方式,下列何者「错误」?","政府核准设置的旧衣回收箱","捐给慈善团体","举办跳蚤市场","丢入垃圾桶","4","家中有些只穿过几次还很新,却不想再穿或穿不下的衣服,可在社区或办公室举办跳蚤市场,让它到达新主人手中,物尽其用.?至於其他的旧衣,可送到教會,或有需要之慈善团体,或在资源回收日时,打包交给清洁隊员.此外,也可以投到经地方政府核准设置的旧衣回收箱." "101","101","初级","资源回收","废机油应该如何处理较为适当?","倒进马桶","拿去附近的机车行回收","在水槽冲洗掉","倒入排水沟","2","当有废润滑油需要回收时,可拨打环保署资源回收免费服务专线0800-085717,话务人员将提供回收商资料,民众可事先与回收商联系约定回收时间及地点,另可洽询就近之机车行、保养厂、或汽机车材料行等协助回收." "101","102","初级","资源回收","下列何者能当作旧衣来回收?","枕头","围裙","窗帘","学校制服","4","所谓旧衣回收,指能简单清洁整理仍能使用之衣物,但不包含棉被、枕头、床单、床罩、帽子、内衣裤、鞋袜、窗帘、桌巾、围裙、地毯、踏垫等." "101","103","初级","资源回收","下列哪一项是可以回收的物品?","牛奶瓶","手机电池","铁罐","以上皆是","4","凡是有附上回收标志的,都是可回收的物质,如牙膏、牛奶瓶、保丽龙的杯子或餐具、各种铁铝罐、铝箔包、玻璃瓶及电池(乾电池、水银电池、手机电池等)等." "101","104","初级","资源回收","日常生活中,哪些是「不环保」的行为?","出门购物携带购物袋","使用环保筷","口渴时就购买瓶装水","纸张使用时双面书写","3","应自行携带水瓶较为环保." "101","105","初级","资源回收","关於废电子电器回收,下列叙述何者「错误」?","交给新机贩卖业者","电话洽询清洁隊","透过资源回收网协助","电话洽询消防隊","4","废电子电器回收包括:(1)购买新机电视机、洗衣机、电冰箱及冷、暖气机时,同品项数量的旧机可交由贩卖业者免费搬、载运回收.(2)废电子电器回收,也可直接电话洽询清洁隊,不需付费,清洁隊會於约定时间前往清运.(3)透过本署资源回收专线0800-085717(谐音:您帮我,清一清)查询资源回收业者联络资料或相关问题谘询服务." "101","106","初级","资源回收","坏掉的手机应该如何适当的处理?","送交清洁隊资源回收车","送交行动通讯门市回收","回收前删除个人资料","以上皆是","4","若有坏掉手机、手机充电器及相关配件,可送交清洁隊资源回收车回收,或送至贴有手机回收标志之行动通讯门市进行回收.送交处理厂拆解,除可回收塑胶外壳外,还可以回收铜、金、银、钯等有价金属.为避免个人资料外泄,在回收废手机前将个人资料删除,并将手机回复原厂设定,确保手机内资讯不會遭不肖人士利用." "101","107","初级","低碳永续家园","下列口号,何者「不符合」「举手之劳做环保,创造美丽新家园」的精神?","时时存有环保心","危险垃圾请注意","垃圾分类做确实","垃圾乱丢没烦恼","4","垃圾量亦是有增无减,如何使台湾不被垃圾掩埋,如何使台湾人民不必生活在垃圾之上,这必须靠垃圾制造者我们所有人,来改善!只要平常对生活多花点心,尽量节约能源,不随便制造垃圾,作好垃圾分类,以便对垃圾做适当的处理,同时也尽量减少使用对环境不利的物质,达成垃圾减量的目标." "101","108","初级","低碳永续家园","哪些电器在长期不使用时,拔掉插头较省电?","随身聽","微波炉","风扇","手电筒","2","一般家庭不會拔掉插头的电器比例较高者,包括洗衣机、电视、DVD播放机、微波炉及床头音响等五大类电器用品.而调查发现,一般家庭中,大约會有接近20台的电器随时都插在电源上,除了上述五类型电器外,还包括了冷气、洗衣机、电风扇、电视机、电脑暨周边设备及不宜切断电源的冰箱等,调查中的家庭,主要电器待机耗电量约为30瓦左右,1个月下来,最高可能须支出约70元,如果家中电器设备较多,浪费的能源就更多了." "101","109","初级","综合企划","离岸式风力发电厂开发需透过哪个单位去做海洋污染防治?","经济部(能源局)","国防部、行政院海巡署","行政院环保署","内政部(营建署)","3","离岸式风力发电厂申设时涉及较通案性之相关业务及主管机关,(电业筹设:经济部能源局)、(国家安全相关管制及禁限建事项:国防部、行政院海巡署)、(人工岛屿设施结构物设置:内政部营建署)、(环境影响评估及海洋污染防治则是:行政院环保署)" "101","110","初级","绿色产业","下列何处适合设置沼气发电?","沿海地区","公园空地","垃圾掩埋场","观光地区","3","设置地点应考?环境卫生及操作安全性,例如:垃圾掩埋场、污水处?场、废水处?场、畜牧废水处?场等可产生沼气以供燃烧及发电之场所,也必须考量设备重?负载设计基础结构,与腐蚀性气体,气体如?化氢或水接触之材?为耐腐蚀之材质." "101","111","初级","环境教育","核能电厂在发电的过程中,因为何种污染而可能影响海中的生物?","土壤污染","空气污染","热污染","噪音污染","3","热污染的种类及来源:(1)工业排放的热水,流入海洋中可能使鱼虾难以生存,且影响海洋的生态.(2)冷气机的普及,把室内的的热排放室外,使地球臭氧被破坏,导致室外的温度升高." "101","112","初级","综合企划","国内目前环境保护中央主管单位为何?","行政院卫生署","交通部","行政院环保署","行政院环保处","3","国内目前环境保护中央主管单位为行政院环保署." "101","113","初级","绿色采购及消费","下列何者「不是」改善水污染的方法?","使用环保清洁剂","正确与适当的施用农药及肥料","工业用水要先经过处理后再排放","在水库区野炊、戏水、养猪","4","使用环保清洁剂,减少水质恶化,降低磷污染;正确与适当的施用农药及肥料,减少农药和肥料的农业污染;避免在水库区野炊、戏水与养殖,會破换水质." "101","114","初级","绿色采购及消费","下列何者「不是」在家减少空气污染的做法?","选择有环保标章的家电用品","厨房内安装抽油烟机","使用有毒的杀虫剂","避免使用喷雾式的美容用品","3","应多选择使用有环保标章的家电用品,可减少废气的排放;厨房内应安装抽油烟机,可减少油烟的排放量;尽量避免使用有毒的杀虫剂;尽量避免使用喷雾式的美容用品,可减少氟氯碳化物的污染." "101","115","初级","绿色采购及消费","下列何者「不是」在公共场合减少空气污染的做法?","不可在野外燃烧废弃物","应定期检查汽机车所排放的废气","公共场所内随意抽烟","搭乘公共运输系统","3","不可在野外燃烧废弃物、垃圾、鞭炮等,若发现有露天燃烧的行为,可通报当地环保单位前往处理;应定期检查汽机车所排放的废气有无符合标准;瘾君子在公共场所内应尊重他人权益不可随意抽烟;出外多搭乘公共运输系统,可减少交通工具所排放的废气." "101","116","初级","绿色采购及消费","有关节能减碳(食)的叙述何者正确?","食用当季、当地所产的食物","多吃蔬菜少吃肉类","买生鲜食品而非冷冻品","以上皆是","4","食用当季、当地所产的食物,可节省运送过程中耗费的能源;少吃肉类,多吃蔬菜水果,减少因畜牧产生的大量甲烷;买生鲜食品,而非冷冻的.冷冻食品需要用上的能源,比制造生鲜产品还要多上十倍." "101","117","初级","绿色采购及消费","有关节能减碳(住)的叙述何者正确?","避免使用钨丝灯泡","随手关闭不用的电灯","常清洗冷气机的空气滤清网","以上皆是","4","将家中传统钨丝灯泡换成省电灯泡,如此更亮、更省电;随手关闭不用的电灯;常清洗或换掉暖炉及冷气机的空气滤清网,节能又环保." "101","118","初级","绿色采购及消费","有关节能减碳(购物)的叙述何者正确?","自备购物袋","购买用回收纸制造的产品","别买过度包装的产品","以上皆是","4","拒买过分包装的食品,自备购物袋购物,已达到绿色采购原则." "101","119","初级","绿色产业","为达到有效计算二氧化碳的排放量,目前许多产品在包装上均會标示哪一种资料?","制造国家","碳足迹","材料成分","运送里程","2","碳足迹系用以计算所有的产品制作过程中所产生的二氧化碳排放量." "101","120","初级","绿色产业","绿色餐饮的基本概念为何?","在地食材","素食","速食","有机农业","1","使用当季当地的食材,可降低运送所产生之碳排量,较符合绿色餐饮的概念." "101","121","初级","绿色产业","以下何种发电方式的污染程度较低?","煤炭发电","石油发电","天然气发电","太阳能发电","4","太阳能发电系使用再生能源对於环境的污染最少." "101","122","初级","绿色产业","丢弃家中垃圾时,最好装於何种容器?","纸袋","可分解塑胶袋","玻璃瓶","无所谓","2","可分解塑胶袋可溶解在土壤中是对环境污染最少的容器." "101","123","初级","绿色产业","国内许多环保的衣服和毛毯是用什麽材料制作而成?","宝特瓶","玻璃瓶","塑胶盒","铝箔盒","1","废宝特瓶再生碎片应用用途主要分纺丝纤维制品、单丝纤维制品、包装用及非包装用塑胶制品等四类,其中,纺丝纤维制品(占55%),如毛毯、衣服、不织布、填充棉、遮阳布、工业用布(棉)." "101","124","初级","绿色产业","下列何者为「风力发电示範推广计画」所辅导设置的台湾第一套风力发电示範系统?","澎湖中屯","澎湖七美","屏东东港","云林麦寮","4","2000年12月27日,台湾第一座实验性质的风力电厂,也是台湾第一座商业化风力发电场,在云林县麦寮乡正式启用." "101","125","初级","噪音","关於白天和夜间的噪音管制标准值,下列何者正确?","不同,夜晚较严格","不同,白天较严格","相同","二者都没有规定标准值","1","依據《噪音管制区划定作业准则》规定:第一类至第四类噪音来认定管制区的範围,又依时段区分可容许的管制时间及音量大小." "101","126","初级","噪音","噪音对民众生理健康的影响,下列何者「错误」?","心烦","血压升高","聽力受损","视力受损","4","噪音的危害是经由耳朵的聽觉,所以生理影响主要是聽觉受影响." "101","127","初级","噪音","下列何者属於低频率声音?","叫卖声","狗叫声","工地电钻声","鼓声","4","声音是由低频率到高频率所组成的,低沈的声音属於低频率." "101","128","初级","噪音","寺庙的迎神赛會产生的噪音,是属於哪一类噪音?","交通噪音","近邻噪音","民俗噪音","工地噪音","3","民俗噪音包含婚丧喜庆、寺庙的迎神赛會、舞龙舞狮、布袋戏、歌仔戏、神坛诵经声等." "101","129","初级","噪音","舞龙舞狮的爆竹所产生的噪音,是属於哪一类噪音?","近邻噪音","民俗噪音","交通噪音","营业场所噪音","2","民俗噪音包含婚丧喜庆、寺庙的迎神赛會、舞龙舞狮与爆竹、布袋戏、歌仔戏、神坛诵经声等." "101","130","初级","噪音","家中电视所产生的噪音,是属於哪一类噪音?","交通噪音","近邻噪音","民俗噪音","群聚噪音","2","依《噪音管制法》第六条规定「制造不具持续性或不易量测而足以妨害他人生活安宁之声音,由警察机关依有关法规处理之.」" "101","131","初级","噪音","老师上课时的音量至少要超过背景音量多少分贝时,学生才比较容易聽得清楚?","5分贝","10分贝","15分贝","20分贝","1","上课老师的音量至少要超过背景音量5分贝时,才容易使学生聽清楚." "101","132","初级","噪音","下列何种声音「不属於」管制的噪音?","欣赏的音乐","电影院的电影","吵闹的青蛙叫声","吵杂的叫卖声","3","非人为产生的声音,不属於噪音管制範围." "101","133","初级","环保标章","藉由何种标章制度的推广,鼓励民众使用高能源效率产品,以减少能源消耗?","绿建材","省水标章","碳标签","节能标章","4","藉由节能标章制度的推广,鼓励民众使用高能源效率产品,以减少能源消耗." "101","134","初级","环保标章","下列何者为目前国际间对於绿建材的概念?","再使用","再循环","废弃物减量","以上皆是","4","目前国际间对於绿建材的概念,可大致归纳为以下几种特性:再使用(Reuse)、再循环(Recycle)、废弃物减量(Reduce)、低污染(Lowemissionmaterials)." "101","135","初级","环保标章","企业推行碳足迹产品有何好处?","生产过程可减碳","提升企业形象","研发出低碳产品","以上皆是","4","碳足迹推行可以协助企业减碳,了解减碳方向,节省成本,开发新的低碳产品,提升企业形象,增进企业竞争力." "101","136","初级","环保标章","下列哪一种「不是」获得「绿色商店标章」商店的重点工作?","办理环保活动","资源回收宣导","鼓励民众购买一次用即丢之产品","绿色消费观念宣导","3","设置「绿色商店」规範之重点工作如下:(1)绿色商品导入与管理.(2)绿色行销策略.(3)卖场绿色环保与卫生管理.(4)绿色消费观念宣导.(5)参与或办理环保活动.(6)资源回收宣导." "101","137","初级","环境公平正义","下列何者合乎公平正义原则?","永续发展","弱肉强食","无限制开发","非自由市场","1","『永续发展系指做到满足当代需求,同时不损及后代满足其需要之发展.』.因此,永续发展不仅要顾及当代的需要,即代内的公平与正义;同时不能损及后代的需要,即代间的公平与正义." "101","138","初级","环境公平正义","「绿色生活」的『绿色』概念可以下列何者为之?","省能源","低污染","低毒性","以上皆是","4","『绿色生活』,内容很多是透过消费的方式来进行,而什麽是『绿色』?举凡对环境友善(如:省能源、省资源、低污染、低毒性)的事项,均可称为『绿色』." "101","139","初级","环境公平正义","依據「永续发展」原则,环境保护与经济发展应以何者为主要考量?","经济发展","环境保护","两者平衡","就当时局势而定","3","环境保护与经济发展应平衡考量." "101","140","初级","环境公平正义","下列何者「不符合」永续发展的理念?","大量开发集水区,种植高山蔬果","垃圾分类,资源回收","选择购买具有环保标章的商品","建置污水下水道","1","大量开发集水区将对山坡地生态带来危害,造成土石流失" "101","141","初级","环境公平正义","《环境基本法》说明「国民应秉持环境保护理念,减轻因日常生活造成之环境负荷」.在消费行为上,应以下列何者为原则?","聪明消费","最小消费","蓝色消费","绿色消费","4","国民应秉持环境保护理念,减轻因日常生活造成之环境负荷.消费行为上,以绿色消费为原则." "101","142","初级","公害纠纷","在台湾的环境公害防治运动中,民众扮演什麽角色?","提供专业咨询","协助陈情突发性案件","参与公害现场勘查","协助监督并确保公害於限期改善","2","环保署稽查人力有限,不可能在每条街道巡视,但靠著热心民众陈情突发性或居家附近的公害,就能有效改善居家环境.目前陈情方法包括拨打二十四小时免付费专线电话,或是透过「公害陈情网路受理系统」登记,也可寄电子邮件或写信到环境督察总隊." "101","143","初级","环境教育","依民国99年公布之《环境教育法》,高级中等以下学校所有员工、教师、学生每年均应参加几小时以上的环境教育课程?","2小时","3小时","4小时","5小时","3","依民国99年公布之环境教育法,高级中等以下学校所有员工、教师、学生每年均应参加4小时以上环境教育." "101","144","初级","环境教育","台湾最长的河流为何?","乌溪","中港溪","浊水溪","高屏溪","3","浊水溪是位於台湾中部的一条河流,全长约186.4公里,是台湾最长的河川.流域面积达3,156.9平方公里,仅略次於高屏溪.平均流量24,000秒立方公尺." "101","145","初级","环境影响评估","住宅社区开发时,对於古蹟遗址应采取何种措施?","应进行古蹟遗址之调查与评估","装作不知道","以查无资料视为开发地区没有古蹟","不必依文化资产保护法有关规定办理","1","住宅社区开发时,对於古蹟遗址应进行古蹟遗址之调查与评估,不可装作不知道." "101","146","初级","低碳永续家园","根據统计,民国100年每人每日生活用水量为多少公升?","180公升","200公升","270公升","320公升","3","據统计,民国100年,每人每日生活用水量270公升,近年?已有缓步下降趋势." "101","147","初级","环境检验","所谓的紫外线指数,常以下列哪一组英文缩写代表?","UVA","UVB","UVC","UVI","4","环保署掌握Web2.0时代网路社群的新趋势,在噗浪网(Plurk)和推特(Twitter)主动提供空气品质指数(PSI)和紫外线指数(UVI)即时资讯." "101","148","初级","气候变迁","「台湾碳标签」系由下列哪一种图案搭配「CO2」化学符号及数字所组成?","由红色心形及绿叶组成脚印","由红色心形及红花组成脚印","由绿色心形及绿叶组成脚印","由绿色心形及红叶组成脚印","3","「台湾碳标签」由绿色心形和绿叶组成脚印,并搭配「CO2」化学符号及爱心中的数字揭露产品「碳足迹」,整体图示意涵用爱大自然的心,减碳爱地球及落实绿色消费,以迈向低碳社會." "101","149","初级","环境检验","环保署针对水库水质优养化程度的检测,其例行监测每隔多久一次?","每周一次","每月一次","每季一次","每年一次","3","现行水库水质例行监测频率为每季一次,以总磷、叶绿素a、透明度等三项测值计算卡尔森指数,用以表示水质优养化程度." "101","150","初级","水污染","一般而言,水中「饱和溶氧」值随水温之上升而呈下列何种趋势?","减少","增加","不变","不一定(看状况)","1","一般而言,水中「饱和溶氧」值随水温之上升而下降." "101","151","初级","环境检验","下列何者「不属於」水质之物理性标准?","酸度","色度","臭度","浊度","1","酸度属化学性检验,而物理性标准包括色度、臭度、浊度." "101","152","初级","职业安全卫生","发现厨房的油锅著火,最「不宜」做下列何者?","湿布覆盖","用水灭火","关瓦斯","开窗户","2","一般油类密度小於水,油类火灾以水灭火,油能浮於水面继续燃烧,甚至蔓延更广." "101","153","初级","清洁生产","清洁生产之目标为何?","节能","减缓资源枯竭","减废","以上皆是","4","1997年初联合国环境规划署(UNEP)对清洁生产的定义为「持续地应用整合且预防的环境策略於制程、产品及服务,以增加生态效益和减少对人类及环境的危害.」" "101","154","初级","文化保存","某国家公园属於热带性气候,夏季漫长,且受季风影响甚深,特别是10月到隔年3月东北季风在当地地形的效应下,形成本区强劲著名的「落山风」,此外发现多处史前遗迹与原住民文化遗址,更是无价的人文资产,此公园为下列何者?","台江国家公园","金门国家公园","东沙环礁国家公园","垦丁国家公园","4","垦丁国家公园特殊的气候滋养丰富的森林形相,本区热带林及季风林发达,植物种类众多:从船帆石到香蕉湾一带,分布著台湾本岛唯一的热带海岸林,季风林则出现在南仁山区,受到季风、水分梯度以及纬度分布的影响,森林形相为台湾仅见,因其珍贵特殊,而划为生态保护区." "101","155","初级","文化保存","某港口经过百余年的淤积,只剩3块大礁石矗立於沼泽中,成为见证港口历史的重要遗迹,其基地位置具丰富的湿地生态环境,此地为下列何者?","苏澳港","安平港","乌石港","布袋港","3","位置具丰富的湿地生态环境,兰阳博物馆将此遗址纳入园区景观设计,同时符合乌石港都市计画区域的完整规划." "101","156","初级","文化保存","下列何者为台湾一级古蹟?","西门红楼","台北孔子庙","台中文昌庙","鹿港龙山寺","4","西门红楼、台北孔子庙、台中文昌庙皆为台湾三级古蹟." "101","157","初级","空气品质监测","关於沙尘暴的叙述何者「错误」?","主要影响北台湾的地区","沙尘暴发生时应多出外活动","常发生在冬末春初","沙尘暴的源头往往在乾旱之地发生","2","沙尘暴常发生於冬末春季,尤以3~5月;沙尘暴发生后,可东移到日本、韩国及夏威夷,往南可影响到台湾、香港,影响範围相当辽阔." "101","158","初级","环境卫生","有关病媒常见的危害,下列叙述何者「错误」?","不會破坏生活中的物品","污染食物","影响环境卫生","直接叮咬人畜,引起各种传染疾病","1","病媒对人体常见的危害有直接叮咬人畜,引起各种传染性疾病、污染食物,使人因吃到被污染的食物而造成中毒、制造环境脏乱,影响环境卫生、破坏生活中各种物品如书本、衣服及影响睡眠及精神受到干扰." "101","159","初级","人口健康","下列何者并「不是」预防食品中毒之四大原则?","清洁","避免疏忽","加热或冷藏","生吃","4","预防食品中毒之不二法门就是「清洁」、「迅速」、「加热或冷藏」及「避免疏忽」.虽然各类食品之调理及病因物质之特性不大相同,但把握这些原则,即可达到预防食品中毒之目的." "101","160","初级","温室气体减量","甲烷是如何产生的?","吃牛肉的时候所产生","制造冷媒、清洗、喷雾及发泡剂所产生的","温室效应造成的","发酵与腐化的变更过程","4","甲烷(CH4)是产生自发酵与腐化的变更过程及物质的不完全燃烧,主要来自牲畜、水田、汽机车及掩埋场的排放." "101","161","初级","人口健康","有关糖尿病患者的高血糖饮食习惯何者正确?","吃很多巧克力","少吃糖果","吃很多蛋糕","喝全糖的饮料","2","糖尿病是一种慢性疾病,即使接受治疗也无法治癒.这也是一种渐进式的疾病,亦即若不治疗可能會引发复杂的并发症.幸好糖尿病是可以控制的,但患者必须接受仔细的监控,方能获得良好的控制.糖尿病个案饮食应为少糖、高纤维、低脂肪." "101","162","初级","人口健康","下列有关预防流行性感冒的叙述何者「错误」?","向著无人的地方打喷嚏","打喷嚏应用手帕摀住嘴巴","应戴口罩","应减少外出","1","流行性感冒属於飞沫传染,打喷嚏坞住口鼻可以避免飞沫直接散布在空气中,戴口罩除了可以避免吸入病毒外,减少外出可以避免将病菌传染给他人." "101","163","初级","人口健康","预防肠病毒的方法何者正确?","玩游戏后不用洗手","吃东西前要洗手","上厕所后不用洗手","玩玩具后不用洗手","2","肠病毒可以经由肠胃道(粪口、水或食物污染,因此玩具常成为幼童间传染的媒介)或呼吸道(飞沫、咳嗽或打喷嚏)传染,预防的方法是加强洗手,如:吃东西前、上厕所后、玩玩具后." "101","164","初级","噪音","下列对於噪音的叙述何者正确?","不會造成别人的不舒服","不會造成触觉的损伤","不會干扰到睡眠品质","不會造成精神不集中","2","噪音會对人体有生理性的影响(头痛、头晕)、心理影响(神经紧张、暴躁)、聽力损伤、对睡眠的影响、视觉的影响以及妊娠中与胎儿发育的影响." "101","165","初级","水污染","人为的污染源则来自人们各种活动及开发所产生者.以下何者是市镇污水中最常见的污染源?","木头","重金属","氮肥","家庭用的清洁剂","4","市镇污水包括家庭污水、商业、机关团体、学校及废水量大於3OCMD(m^3/day)之事业废水等.市镇污水含有固体、粪便、油脂、厨余等,内含有大量的病菌及有机物最易影响环境卫生.家庭用的清洁剂、杀虫剂及除草剂亦是市镇污水之重要来源,且其毒性较强." "101","166","初级","职业安全卫生","在职业伤害中,冷冻作业员易患何种疾病?","聽力损伤","皮肤炎","冻伤","膀胱癌","3","冷冻作业员由於长时间在低温的环境下工作,易有冻伤的疾病产生." "101","167","初级","空气品质监测","下列何者「不是」导致雨水酸化的现象?","火山爆发喷出硫化氢","高空闪电","海洋中的盐份","石化工厂","3","在大自然中,仍存在其他致酸的物质,例如,火山爆发所喷出的硫化氢,海洋所释放出的二甲基硫,高空闪电所导致之氮氧化物等,均會使雨水进一步酸化." "101","168","初级","空气品质监测","下列何种措施有效减缓河川扬尘的现象?(A)加强河川内机动洒水(B)增加灰尘监测仪器(C)种植乔、灌木","AB","AC","BC","ABC","2","减缓河川扬尘现象除透过河川内机动洒水等紧急应变措施外,还可以进行水覆盖及绿覆盖等措施,降低风砂规模,逐步改善扬尘情况." "101","169","初级","空气品质监测","下列哪一种活动「不會」产生大量悬浮微粒?","建造房屋","火力发电","生产钢铁","出外郊游","4","人为产生悬浮微粒的行为包括火力发电、建造房屋、生产钢铁等过程中所释放出来的灰尘." "101","170","初级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者「不是」受污染的土壤对生活环境以及生态的影响?","产生恶臭等气味","使人感染肺炎链球菌","对生态造成影响","阻碍农作物的生长","2","肺炎链球菌主要经患者咳嗽和打喷嚏而产生的飞沫,或与患者亲密接触和触摸被该菌污染的物件而传播,通常需要长时间或密切接触才容易遭受感染." "101","171","初级","人口健康","下列哪一种毒素容易因为食物发霉而产生?","黄麴毒素","汞","多氯联苯","甲醇","1","黄麴毒素(aflatoxin),也称作黄麴霉素,是一种有强烈生物毒性的化合物,常由黄曲霉及另外几种霉菌在霉变的谷物中产生,如大米、豆类、花生等,是目前为止最强的致癌物质." "101","172","初级","原住民","达悟族制造大船时需要良好的木材,下列何者为该族永续利用林木时所展现的智慧?","父亲會在树木上预做记号,利於家中男孩观察树木成长情形","砍下一棵树后立刻在附近勳著另一棵树做记号,继续培养","不整片砍伐树木,而是在不同角落选则是用树种","以上皆是","4","达悟族人注重文化的代代相传,深知木制船只终有损坏不堪使用之时,因此父亲會为家中男孩在可用树木上预做记号,经常上山关注这些树木的生长情形.因此制作大船所需的木材都经过多年培养,而砍下一棵树,立刻就在附近找寻另一棵树做上记号,继续培养.这些树木也不是整片砍伐,而在岛上森林的不同角落选择适用树种.只要依據族人的生态智慧行事,并不會造成生态浩劫." "101","173","初级","原住民","以下对原住民常使用的刀耕火种法的叙述何者「错误」?","以火烧除地表上的植物以取得耕地","不另外使用肥料的粗放农业","能使农地保持富饶具生产力","当土地生产力不良时需迁徙寻找新耕地","3","用「刀耕火种法」的民族,用过后的土地,往往不再施肥,已至土地容易贫瘠,不得不采行轮耕种植来维持粮食的来源.不过一旦人口增多了也只有向外寻觅耕地." "101","174","初级","原住民","泰雅族选择高山地区居住的可能原因为何?","水草丰美","景色怡人","蚊虫较少","气候适中","3","传染疟疾的病媒蚊多居住在海拔1,000公尺以下的栖地,泰雅族的祖先从浅山迁回深山定居的原因有可能为族人因疟疾死亡,为防止族群灭亡而选择迁回原居." "101","175","初级","职业安全卫生","?工八小时日时?平均音压级超过多少分贝时,雇主应使?工戴用有效之耳?、耳罩等防音防护具?","80分贝","85分贝","90分贝","100分贝","2","噪音在85dB以上之作业称为特别危害健康之作业,应於其受雇或变更其作业时,实施各该特定项目之特殊体格检查与每年的定期特殊健康检查,雇主应使?工戴用有效之耳?、耳罩等防音防护具." "101","176","初级","职业安全卫生","下列何者是窒息灭火法的原理?","利用灭火药剂之冷却效果,以降低燃烧温度","将燃烧物由火源中移除,减低燃烧面积","将氧气自外部加以遮断,阻绝可燃物与空气接触","将可燃性气体朝不可燃物倾注","3","窒息法:将氧气(O2)自外部加以遮断,阻绝可燃物与空气接触之方法." "101","177","初级","职业安全卫生","下列何者是我国职业安全卫生业务的中央主管机关?","内政部劳工司","行政院卫生署","行政院劳工委员會","劳动部","3","我国职业安全卫生业务之中央主管机关是行政院劳工委员會." "101","178","初级","人口健康","根據台湾内政部的统计,民国100年国人男性及女性的平均寿命统计,以下何者叙述正确?","男性比女性长5岁以上","女性比男性长5岁以上","一样长(差不到1岁)","男性平均寿命在80岁以上","2","民国100年国人零岁平均余命,男性为76.0岁,女性为82.7岁天." "101","179","初级","化学品管理","水银温度计打破时,下列处理方式何者「不正确」?","请非清理人员离开","打开电热器及空调系统","清理时要戴手套和活性碳口罩","保持对户外的空气流通","2","(1)隔离:非清理人都离开,不要踩到.关闭加热电器及空调系统,以免扩散.(2)工具:清除、蒐集工具及密封容器.(3)防护:适当防护具如手套、活性碳口罩.(4)通风:保持对户外空气流通.(5)清理:适当收集后贮存於密闭容器.(6)回收:交给资源回收车清洁隊人员.(7)通风:污染区保持通风24~48小时." "101","180","初级","低碳永续家园","下列何者「不是」环保署推动的环保概念?","多吃蔬食少吃肉","在地生产、在地消息","均衡饮食,吃出健康","低碳旅游乐活","3","「均衡饮食,吃出健康」主要是在宣导国人从小须注重均衡摄取营食,建立不挑食、不过量的饮食习惯." "101","181","初级","低碳永续家园","在生活中有关太阳能运用的敍述,下列何者正确?","不能用在采光罩上","不能用在无线通信上","可以用在交通号志上","只能用在太阳能热水器上","3","太阳光电应用领域有:民生(收音机、计算机、手电筒、电池充电器)、道路交通(路灯、交通号志、道路指示牌、标志灯)、农林渔牧医(农宅用电、温室栽培PV系统、农业灌溉用、自动洒水系统、自动喂食器)、通讯(无线通信用、中继站基地台、紧急电话中继站)、建筑物(紧急照明系统、帷幕墙、遮阳棚、采光罩、屋瓦)." "101","182","初级","空污","下列何者「不是」环保署建立空气品质监测的主要目的?","防制空气污染","提升空气品质","防止全球暖化","掌握监测数據","3","环保署建立并蒐集空气品质监测资料的目的是为要推动空气品质保护及防制空气污染工作的重要依據." "101","183","初级","空污","有关室内空气污染,下列何者「错误」?","油漆及涂料为主要挥发性有机物来源","事务机易产生臭氧,应放在通风处","新装潢的房间要紧闭门窗保持清洁","潮湿处应常清洁打扫以免孳生霉菌","3","油漆及涂料:主要产生甲醛等挥发性有机物;室内空气污染源:办公室事务机主要产生臭氧.室内装潢时所用的合板与隔板,因使用含有甲醛树脂的接合剂,會刺激皮肤及黏膜.潮湿且不常清洁打扫的地方容易孳生霉菌、霉、真菌、细菌、病毒、尘蹒等生物." "101","184","初级","空污","发现乌贼车后可以利用何种管道检举?","网路","传真","电话","以上皆是","4","於发现乌贼车后尽快利用下列管道检举:(1)网路检举(2)电话检举(3)传真检举,下载检举单,填妥后传真至本署或当地环保局(4)书面检举,下载检举单,填妥后寄至本署或当地环保局." "101","185","初级","文化保存","试问下列何者「不是」台湾民俗艺术?","陶笛","糖葱","画糖人","姜饼屋","4","陶笛来至大地的共鸣,吹奏出动人及美丽的声音;糖葱为台湾特有的点心,因状似如葱,故曰糖葱.画糖人为画糖以糖加水煮熟,画出各种图案." "101","186","初级","温室气体减量","下列何者是管制温室气体排放的条约?","华盛顿公约","京都议定书","蒙特娄议定书","斯德哥尔摩公约","2","《京都协议书》是1997年12月在日本京都府京都市的国立京都国际會馆所召开联合国气候变化纲要公约参加国三次會议制定的.其目标是「将大气中的温室气体含量稳定在一个适当的水平,进而防止剧烈的气候改变对人类造成伤害」." "101","187","初级","温室气体减量","下列何者「不是」全球暖化带来的影响?","洪水","热浪","旱灾","地震","4","全球性的温度增量带来包括海平面上升和降雨量及降雪量在数额上和样式上的变化.这些变动可能促使极端天气事件更强更频繁,譬如洪水、旱灾、热浪、飓风和龙卷风." "101","188","初级","温室气体减量","下列何者「不是」海平面上升后所造成的后果?","农田遭水淹没","陆地减少","农作物产量减少","人口密度降低","4","海平面上升之后果包括:(1)全球大部分城市和农田遭水淹(2)陆地减少(3)人口密度大幅增加(4)农作物产量减少(5)岛国消失(6)全球气候变暖." "101","189","初级","温室气体减量","下列何种方法「无法」减少二氧化碳?","自备杯筷,减少免洗用具垃圾量","多吃蔬菜,少吃肉","选购当地、当季食材,减少运输碳足迹","想吃多少尽量点,剩下可当厨余回收","4","减少二氧化碳排放包括:(1)吃多少,点多少,减少厨余量(2)选购当地、当季食材,减少运输碳足迹(3)自备杯筷,减少免洗用具垃圾量(4)多吃蔬菜,少吃肉(5)多使用保温器具,减少电力消耗." "101","190","初级","温室气体减量","下列何者「不會」减少温室气体的排放?","减少使用煤、石油等化石燃料","大量植树造林,禁止乱砍乱伐","增高燃煤气体排放的烟囱?","开发太阳能、水能等新能源","3","增高烟囱并不會降低温室气体的排放." "101","191","初级","化学品管理","下列哪一项活动是环保署为鼓励全国民众共同维护环境整洁而举办的?","环保知识擂台赛","检举脏乱我在行","土净水清家园永青","绿色心视界.环境心体验","2","环保署於2012年4月12日开始举办第一届「检举脏乱我在行」大赛活动,鼓励民众及机关、学校、企业、团体主动上绿网参与环境巡检清理照顾." "101","192","初级","化学品管理","台湾的环境病媒一般可以分为几种?","五种","四种","三种","两种","1","台湾一般病媒包括蚊虫、蝇类、蚤类、蟑螂及鼠类共五种." "101","193","初级","化学品管理","使用蚊香或电蚊香时要注意什麽事情?","置於室外","玩具收起来","置於室内时要注意通风","食具加盖子","3","使用蚊香或电蚊香的注意事项包括(1)家中有老人、幼童或患有呼吸道疾病者则少用.(2)室内有人时使用,需注意通风.(3)注意蚊香周围之易燃物,小心引起火灾.(4)勿让孩童触摸电蚊香之发热板." "101","194","初级","化学品管理","根據环保署资料显示,世纪之毒「戴奥辛」主要透过何者方式进入人体?","透过触摸","透过呼吸","透过饮食","透过雨水","3","戴奥辛不只存在於空气中,也同时存在於土壤与底泥中.它可经由呼吸和食入而影响我们的健康.然而,戴奥辛进入人体的途径主要是经由食物摄取而来,主要来自高脂肪食物如鱼、肉类和牛乳." "101","195","初级","废弃物管理","下列哪一种消费行为是有效减少垃圾的产生?","不断索取试用品","购买过量衣物","准备购物袋","准备大量零钱","3","消费者在消费过程中,如能自备环保购物袋,等於减少使用一次性塑胶袋,而其他行为则无法减少垃圾量." "101","196","初级","废弃物管理","政府會向特定业者收取回收清除处理费,以作为资源回收管理基金,以下有关资源回收管理基金的用途何者正确?","支付应回收物品的回收清除处理补贴费用","补助奖励回收系统及再生利用相关作业费用","支付执行机关代清理费用","以上皆可","4","依照我国《废弃物清理法》规範,资源回收管理基金应用於下列用途:(1)支付回收清除处理补贴.(2)补助奖励回收系统、再生利用.(3)执行机关代清理费用.(4)稽核认证费用.(5)一般废弃物资源回收有关之用途." "101","197","初级","废弃物管理","下?垃圾处?方法何者有错?","做好分?工作","自?焚化以减少垃垃?","减少废弃物的产生","做好资源回收工作","2","民众只需要作好确实分类、减量,把垃圾交给清洁隊或专责人员处理,自行燃烧垃圾可能造成空气污染、有毒物质的释出,不只會被检举罚缓,也对健康造成伤害." "101","198","初级","废弃物管理","包裹狗排泄物之报纸应如何处理?","自行焚烧","照常当资源回收处理","视为一般垃圾处理","以上皆可","3","纸张有受到油渍、脏污,虽有纸的成分,但不可混入可回收的废纸中,因限於回收再利用技术及制程的成本考虑及无回收再利用价值,只能进行能源回收,故请视为一般垃圾交由清洁隊员处理." "101","199","初级","人口健康","二手菸是一种空气污染,會危害到下列何者的健康?","一般吸到的旁人","吸到的孕妇","吸到的婴儿","以上皆是","4","二手菸中包含多种危害人体的化学物质,甚至多种物质有致癌性,不论对一般人、孕妇、或婴儿都會造成影响." "101","200","初级","人口健康","依照道路交通管理处罚条例,下列何者是台湾小客车附载幼童的正确作法?","幼童乘车时应当坐在进口的安全椅上","为坐在副驾驶座的儿童系上安全带","安置幼童於安全椅","幼童由成人抱在膝上时,应当系好安全带,并面朝成人,作保护之用途","3","《道路交通管理处罚条例》(民国99年5月5日修正)第31条:小客车附载幼童未依规定安置於安全椅者,处驾驶人新台币一千五百元以上三千元以下罚锾." "101","201","初级","人口健康","儿童常见的受伤原因是?","道路交通撞击","跌倒","烫伤","以上皆是","4","儿童常因为对面前的事物认知或熟悉度不足而造成受伤." "101","202","初级","人口健康","为什麽儿童较成人更容易受伤,以下何者「错误」?","在马路上儿童太小,不容易被汽车驾驶看到","儿童尚未学到保护自己安全","儿童头脑反应灵敏","儿童身体小容易卡在洞里或裂缝","3","儿童常无法马上辨识危险而有即时正确的反应." "101","203","初级","人口健康","喝酒过量最伤哪一个器官?","舌","食道","肝","肠","3","酒精主要由肝代谢." "101","204","初级","人口健康","关於喝乳制品的叙述,下列何者较为正确?","生乳天然营养又健康无害","喝经过灭菌处理且在适当温度保存的乳品较安全","台湾夏天鲜乳放置无冷气的室温一天后品质无虞","超过保存期限的鲜乳还可以喝","2","生乳可能含危险的微生物危害健康,台湾夏天温高,乳品放置一天易变质,乳品过保存期限可能变质,皆不建议饮用." "101","205","初级","饮用水管理","在饮用水水源水质保护区或饮用水取水口一定距离内之地区,「不能」进行下列何种活动?","监测水质","兴建高尔夫球场","进行田野调查","赏鸟","2","在饮用水水源水质保护区或饮用水取水口一定距离内之地区,不得有高尔夫球场之兴、修建或扩建等污染水源水质之行为." "101","206","初级","饮用水管理","以下何者为减少清洁剂使用的益处?","节省家庭开支","维护环境","减少污水厂处理费","以上皆是","4","减少清洁剂使用,不仅能够节省家庭开支、维护环境,更能够减少污水厂处理费." "101","207","初级","饮用水管理","山泉水及井水为何「不适合」直接饮用?","水源较无安全保障","水中可能有超标之大肠杆菌数","水源可能遭受人为污染","以上皆是","4","自然环境之水源中包含各种可致病之细菌及微生物,更甚著可能有人为污染之情形,故未经正常净水程序之水源较不宜饮用." "101","208","初级","饮用水管理","下列何种活动「不适」於水源区中进行?","开垦","倾倒污染物","工业开发","以上皆是","4","水源源头之洁净为安全饮水之最根本所在." "101","209","初级","饮用水管理","合格的饮用水应呈现什麽状态?","无色","有香气","冒泡","浓稠","1","合格的饮用水一般应无色、透明、清澈、无异臭、异味,无肉眼可见物." "101","210","中级","人口健康","环境荷尔蒙对人体哪一个系统影响最大?","呼吸系统","内分泌系统","消化系统","循环系统","2","环境荷尔蒙會产生类似荷尔蒙的影响或是破坏干扰原有内分泌系统的平衡及功能,进而对生物成长、发育与生殖等产生不良影响." "101","211","中级","人口健康","辐射污染可以引发人体癌症是因为辐射破坏了细胞的哪个部分?","染色体","粒腺体","细胞膜","叶绿体","1","辐射所释放出的放射能引起淋巴细胞染色体的变化,照射后的慢性损伤會导致人群白血病和各种癌症的发病率增加." "101","212","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","蓄意污染土壤或地下水,使之成为污染控制场址,污染人有何处罚?","罚站","坐牢","罚钱","罚劳动服务","2","蓄意污染土壤或地下水,致成为污染控制场址或整治场址者,处一年以上五年以下有期徒刑." "101","213","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","酸性的土壤不适於耕作时,可洒些什麽以改变土壤的性质?","肥料","醋酸水","乾草","石灰","4","土壤偏酸性时可以以石灰处理之,其作用为钙离子取代土壤吸附知氢离子,增加盐基饱和度." "101","214","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","只要地下水未受到污染,比起水库水和地表水,可称为一种成本低廉的资源,其主要原因为何?","不须缴电费","不需做复杂的净水处理","不需缴管理费","不需缴水权费","2","如非特殊情况,地下水之水质良好,以地下水作为公共给水及灌溉用水水源,通常不必做复杂之净水处理,即可使用." "101","215","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","防治地下水遭受污染有甚麽监测机制?","水质监测","地下水监测系统","污染源监测井","以上皆是","4","防治地下水遭受污染,有以下四种监测机制:(1)水质监测.(2)地下水监测系统.(3)污染源监测井.(4)查证监测井." "101","216","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","地层下陷可能造成的不良后果,下列何者为「错误」?","堤防安全程度减小","含水层的机能遭受破坏","排水发生困难","增加土壤肥沃度","4","(1)堤防安全程度减小:地层沉陷后堤防的相对高度相形减低,而使其防洪效果降低.(2)含水层的机能遭受破坏:含水层具有输水、贮水、供应水源等功能一旦发生地层下陷,上述各项功能随之衰退.(3)排水发生困难:区域沉陷常为不等的碗状沉陷,故常使都市的中心地区排水发生困难." "101","217","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","工业废水中造成土壤重金属污染的物质有哪些?","砷","铬","汞","以上皆是","4","工业废水中所含有的砷、铬、汞、镍、铅、镉等重金属,會沉积在土壤中,阻害农作物的生长,经由食物链进入人体后累积到一定限量就會造成中毒的现象,重金属也會杀害土壤中的微生物,降低土壤的自净作用." "101","218","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列选项何者为地壳中含量最多的金属元素之一?","锌","钙","镁","铝","4","地壳中含量最多的四种元素:氧、矽、铝、铁." "101","219","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者「不是」土壤自净作用?","污染物进入土壤后经化学降解变为无毒害物质","利用土壤中的微生物,将污染经由分解或矿化作用使污染物转换","土壤经过大雨冲刷能将污染物洗掉","土壤中的污染物通过复杂多样的物理过程,使其浓度降低、毒性减轻","3","土壤中的微生物可以将污染经由分解或矿化作用而成为无害的无机物如二氧化碳、水等,使污染物质消失於无形." "101","220","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤及地下水的农业污染来源不包含哪一项?","杀草剂","杀菌剂","肥料","塑化剂","4","农业污染来源包括农药、杀草剂、杀菌剂、肥料及畜牧废弃物.塑化剂或称增塑剂、可塑剂,是一种增加材料的柔软性或是材料液化的添加剂.其添加对像包含了塑胶、混凝土、墙版泥灰、水泥与石膏等等." "101","221","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤的酸硷值为何?","酸性","中性","硷性","以上皆是","4","土壤有酸性、硷性甚至中性,代表不同的作用程度及供给养分之能力." "101","222","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土石流灾害之发生,乃因泥、砂、砾及巨石等地质材料与水之混合物受重力作用后产生流动所造成之灾害,其发生包括一些要件,下列何者为「错误」?","充足的水量","足够的上游堆积物","有效的河床坡度","水土保持良好","4","台湾地区之土石流,以河床坡度10度、集水面积10公顷以上地区较易於发生.而集水面积即意谓著水量的大小与流速的快慢;其中,足够的土方所指的乃是河流上游河谷中堆积物的量,而河流上游之堆积物来源除了地表土壤冲蚀所残留於河谷中者外,其最主要之来源乃为河流上游边坡土石因崩塌或地滑而堆积於河谷中者." "101","223","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","地下水受到污染后造成的影响,下列何者为「错误」?","花费庞大的金钱进行整治","花费大量的时间进行整治","自然生态受到破坏","不影响国家的经济","4","一旦地下水遭受污染,往往需要投入庞大的金钱与时间进行后续的污染整治工作,不但水的卫生品质堪虑,无法提供人类所使用,自然生态亦遭受到破坏,人体的健康将受到威胁,且将影响国家的经济、社會、工业等平衡发展,其损失不可言喻." "101","224","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者「不是」国内加油站发生油品泄漏之可能原因?","地下油槽及管线腐蚀泄漏","泄油过程中发生泄漏及溢满之情形","被微生物分解","操作管理不当","3","加油站常因油量计算错误而使得卸油过量,或卸油过程中因站方与卸油人员之协调错误或疏忽造成卸油溢满." "101","225","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","沿海地区若大量抽取地下水作为养殖鱼塭之用,可能造成何种土壤污染问题?","土壤液化","土壤硬化","土壤盐化","土壤矿化","3","沿海地区若大量抽取地下水养殖鱼塭,容易造成地层下陷与海水入侵至土壤盐化." "101","226","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","污染整治场址在选择整治及复育技术时,所需考虑之因素,下列何者为「错误」?","污染物整治的目标","地下水位高低","民众接受度","地方风水","4","污染物整治的目标:整治后污染物浓度应降低至怎样的标准,才合乎要求.地下水位高低:高的地下水位亦造成污染物渗入以及施工上的困难.民众接受度:宜避免引起抗争." "101","227","中级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤及地下水污染不易被整治的原因为何?","污染物在地底不易接触","污染源不易找寻","污染源不易处理","以上皆是","4","(1)在地底下不易接触.(2)污染源不易找寻.(3)污染源不易处理.(4)污染物溶解速率缓慢.(5)部分污染源具长期存在性." "101","228","中级","公害纠纷","当工厂已经污染环境时,应该要透过何种合法的方式,要求工厂补偿及改善?","直接到县(市)政府静坐抗议","包围工厂不让车辆进出","申请公害纠纷调处及裁决","透过网路进行言论攻击","3","公害纠纷发生时,当事人可以向公害纠纷之原因或损害发生地之直轄市或县(市)调处委员會申请调处.如调处不成立,其属於因公害纠纷所产生之损害赔偿事件时,当事人可以就同一事件申请裁决." "101","229","中级","公害纠纷","以下何者是造成公害纠纷的主要因素?","瞬发性污染物的排放","主观污染受害意识的产生","土地使用规划不当","以上皆是","4","依照环保署历年公害纠纷处理结果,公害纠纷的产生主要可归纳为五大因素,包含土地使用规划不当、瞬发性污染物之排放、主观污染受害意识的产生、长期性污染之求偿及客观污染事实的存在等." "101","230","中级","公害纠纷","下列何者较「不可能」是异味性公害的污染源?","下水道处理厂","加油站","图书馆","市场屠宰场","3","异味性公害来源可能包括水污染、空气污染、土壤污染等,异味逸散在科学上是属於较难化验、采证的.异味的发生源依区域性不同而异,在大都市常见异味发生源有下水道及下水道处理厂等.在市郊及乡下,异味的发生源为畜牧场、堆肥场等.工业区的异味发生源很多,可能发生异味的工业包括食品制造业、化学肥料工厂等化学工业工厂." "101","231","中级","公害纠纷","如公害造成损害时,「原因监定」主要为了建立以下何种因果关系?","评估危害程度","造成损害之污染来源","何种污染物造成损害","以上皆是","3","当公害造成损害时,须透过蒐证、调查及监定机制来建立因果关系,其中原因监定主要探讨是何种污染物造成受损害受体之病变或损害." "101","232","中级","公害纠纷","如公害造成损害时,「程度监定」主要为了建立以下何种因果关系?","何种污染物造成损害","造成损害之污染来源","评估危害程度","以上皆是","3","当公害造成损害时,须透过蒐证、调查及监定机制来建立因果关系,其中责任监定主要探讨对於因污染造成公害之案件,调查评估其危害程度、範围、损失金额等,以供纠纷处理参考." "101","233","中级","公害纠纷","公害事件蒐证的第一阶段标准作业程序为何?","证據收集","后续追踪处理","平时蒐证准备","监定调查","1","蒐证作业主要分为五大流程:平时蒐证准备、事件发生后蒐证准备、证據收集、后续追踪处理及监定调查等阶段.而第一阶段程序最重要即是在平时建立、维护各项资料、工具之完整性,才能在公害发生时即时派上用场." "101","234","中级","公害纠纷","公害发生后,当事人申请调处委员會,依法规定应有多少委员出席才能调处?","委员中有第三公正团体即可","1/4以上委员出席","两方当事人同意,一名委员即可","以上皆可","3","当公害纠纷发生后,当事人可向公害纠纷之原因或损害发生地之直轄市或县(市)调处委员會申请调处.调处委员會应有委员三分之一以上出席,始得开會.但经两方当事人之同意,得由委员一人或数人迳行调处." "101","235","中级","公害纠纷","调处委员會为调查、判定公害造成之原因及责任所委外进行之监定,其费用应由何者担负?","应负公害责任之当事人","环保署","直轄巿、县(巿)政府","调处委员會","1","调处委员會为判断公害纠纷之原因及责任,可以委托环境保护主管机关、其他有关机关、机构、团体或具有专业知识之专家、学者从事必要之监定.其监定费由政府先行支付,如经确定其中一当事人应负公害纠纷责任时,再由该当事人负担之,并负责返还政府." "101","236","中级","公害纠纷","针对一再陈情之公害案件,各级环保机关处理时限为何?","5日","7日","14日","1个月","1","依环境保护机关处理民众陈情公害污染案件注意事项规範,公害陈情案件处理时限为七日,一再陈情案件为五日,重大公害陈情案件应随到随办;如案情复杂无法依限处理者,得展延一次,以七日为限." "101","237","中级","公害纠纷","在环保署公害处理资讯系统中,可以查询到以下哪些资讯?(A)公害纠纷处理程序(B)公害陈情单位(C)公害处理单位(D)公害监定方法","ABC","ABD","BCD","ABCD","4","在环保署公害处理资讯系统中,不仅可以查询相关公害陈情、处理、监定等资讯,也可以在网站中调阅相关历史案件,资料相当丰富." "101","238","中级","公害纠纷","依照环保署公害纠纷处理资讯系统显示,截至民国101年底,我国以何种污染类型之公害纠纷案例为最多?","废弃物","水","空气","土壤","3","截至民国101年底,在环保署公害纠纷处理资讯系统所收录128笔公害纠纷案件资料中,以空气污染类型案件数最多为42笔,再者为水污染案件为38笔." "101","239","中级","化学品管理","在生物链越上端的物种其体内累积持久性有机污染物(POPs)浓度将越高,危害性也将越大,这是说明POPs具有下列何种特性?","持久性","半挥发性","高毒性","生物累积性","4","有机化合物进入水体后,其在水生生物体内浓度升高的现象称为生物累积作用.因POPs具有生物累积性,因此在生物链越上端的物种其体内累积浓度将越高,危害性也将越大." "101","240","中级","文化保存","在清朝时即有大沪1口、小沪4口,充分反应过往海岛居民的生活方式、生活智慧及对自然环境的因应,其类型丰富,尚在使用中,具备甚高文化资产价值.上述此地位於台湾何处?","澎湖县","金门县","马祖","兰屿","1","吉贝在清时即有大沪1口、小沪4口,至1950年代吉贝人先后已修造超过百口,至2007年根據华卫二号卫星航照图清查比对,至少已有103口." "101","241","中级","文化保存","有全台唯一的水陆空3D游程,也是台湾地区最负盛名水力发电重地,风景区以「高山湖泊」、「原住民文化」、「自然生态」等观光游憩为特色,上述为下列何国家风景特定区?","日月潭","阿里山","云嘉南滨海","大鹏湾","1","日月潭是以拉鲁岛为界,东、西两侧因形似「日轮」和「月钩」因而得名,百年来享有台湾八景的美誉,也是台湾地区最负盛名水力发电重地;风景区以「高山湖泊」、「原住民文化」、「自然生态」等观光游憩特色,每年吸引超过6百万中外游客到访." "101","242","中级","文化保存","关於花莲县富里乡丰南村梯田景观的叙述,下列何者符合生态永续的概念?","顺应海岸山脉地形,沿山壁开凿引水灌溉,梯田分布於丘陵坡地,顺势排列而下","年代悠久,为要保存完整而不断地开发新的农地","两侧梯田种植槟榔,加入西方灌溉之设计元素,具有鲜明的永续意象","环境区块分明,依循宗族社會之秩序发展,布局工整,极具地方特色","1","全台湾37处文化景观中,吉哈拉艾的类别是农林渔牧景观,最受人注意的在於,吉哈拉艾是第一个包含梯田的文化景观.其特色为:1.顺应海岸山脉地形所形成的壮阔梯田景观、沿山壁开凿引水灌溉梯田之水圳系统.2.区域内分布自然山林、溪流、次生林、菓园、水稻梯田、水圳、池塘、聚落等多元地景镶嵌斑块,展现生态与地景的完整性." "101","243","中级","水污染","水中溶氧来源可能来自於(A)大气溶解(B)自然或人为曝气(C)光合作用(D)有机物分解","ABC","BCD","ABD","ABD","1","水中溶氧可能来自大气溶解、自然或人为曝气,以及水生植物的光合作用等,水若受到有机物质污染,则水中微生物在分解有机物时會消耗水中的溶氧,造成水中溶氧降低甚至缺氧." "101","244","中级","水质监测","水若有粪便污染之指标以何者为主?","藻类大量繁殖及死亡","鱼类","大肠杆菌群","真菌","3","大肠杆菌群顾名思义,为一群常见寄生於动物肠道的短杆状细菌,粪便中即含有大量的大肠杆菌群.这些细菌大部分并不會引起疾病,但可以用来做为水体受到粪便污染的一种指标." "101","245","中级","水污染","下列何种水源较不易引起藻类大量繁殖?","河川上游水","大量肥料排入的水体","湖泊、水库","养猪废水排入的水体","1","河川上游水质通常良好,大量肥料和养猪废水排入的水体或湖泊水库较易受氮、磷影响,造成藻类滋生." "101","246","中级","水污染","水体pH值會对下列何者造成影响?","生物的生长","物质的沉淀","废水的处理","以上皆是","4","指水中氢离子浓度倒数的对数值,一般自然水之pH值多在中性或略硷性範围,若水体受工业废水或矿场废水污染时,pH值可能产生明显的变化.pH值會影响生物的生长、物质的沉淀与溶解、水及废水的处理等." "101","247","中级","水污染","当过量的磷进入水体,會形成水体缺氧和优养化现象,其主要原因为何?","藻类大量繁殖及死亡","鱼类大量繁殖及死亡","珊瑚大量繁殖及死亡","动植物大量繁殖及死亡","1","水中的磷几乎全部以磷酸盐(phosphate)型式存在,为构成土壤养分及动植物原生质的要素.磷是植物生长的重要养分,但当过量的磷进入水体,将造成藻类大量繁殖及死亡,并會因其腐败分解消耗水中大量的氧,形成水体缺氧和优养化." "101","248","中级","水污染","台湾西部地区水体曾经遭受何种物质污染,造成饮用者罹患乌脚病?","砷","汞","铜","铅","1","乌脚病导因於砷中毒" "101","249","中级","水污染","下列何种作为可有效处理家庭生活污水?","加速公共下水道建设","社区专用下水道建筑物设置合并式污水处理设施","化粪池定期清理","以上皆是","4","生活污水:推动专案整治计画淡水河系污染整治计画.以加速公共水道建设、社区专用下水道、建筑物设置合并式污水处理设施、化粪池定期清理及加强宣导生活污水减废." "101","250","中级","自然保育","人工湿地属於现地处理工法,下列叙述何者「不是」人工湿地之主要功能?","水质净化","生态保育","滯水防洪","农业生产","4","人工湿地之主要功能包括水质净化、生态保育、滯水防洪等." "101","251","中级","水污染","点源污染是由一个可以明确界定的位置排入河川,以下何者属於点源污染?","市镇污水","工厂废水","畜牧废水","以上皆是","4","点源污染是由一个可以清楚界定的点注入河川,如事业废水及家庭生活杂排水的排放口,是因为工业或家居活动所产生的排放水." "101","252","中级","水质监测","民众参与河川整治可以有哪些比较积极之作为?(A)志工定期水质监测(B)河川认养维护(C)定期巡守(D)外来鱼种放生","ABC","BCD","ABCD","ABD","1","鼓励民众参与河川整治、保育工作,鼓励社区提供适当地点美化环境并处理其污水,建立河川志工监测、认养制度,自发性关切社区周边河川品质." "101","253","中级","水质监测","水库优养化的防制措施,常以控制下列何种元素之浓度为主?","钙","磷","碳","钾","2","藻类属光合自营菌,一般生长所需之碳源、能源、水份及无机盐类都不缺乏,唯有氮源及磷源常因浓度太低而成为限制因子,但因氮源可经由光化作用提供,所以以限制磷源为最重要." "101","254","中级","水质监测","水中易被微生物分解的有机物质,在某特定时间及温度下,被微生物的分解氧化作用所消耗的氧量称为什麽?","化学需氧量","有机物含量","生化需氧量","溶氧量","3","生化需氧量(Biochemicaloxygendemand,简称BOD)是测量水中微生物分解有机物所消耗氧气的量,在生态学以及环境科学上它可用来监控及评估水质的好坏." "101","255","中级","水质监测","下列何者为评估水体品质常用之生物指标?","青霉菌","大肠杆菌群","蓝绿菌","肉毒杆菌","2","由於大肠杆菌与其他致病菌同样来自温血动物,而其在水中的生存时间较致病菌长,若在水中未检验出大肠杆菌群,则这个水体含有其他致病菌的机會更小,因此大肠杆菌群为评估水体品质的一项常用生物指标." "101","256","中级","水质监测","下列何者为水质检测项目中,BOD之中文名称?","生物需氧量","生态需氧量","生化需氧量","化学需氧量","3","生化需氧量(Biochemicaloxygendemand,BOD?)的定义,系指水中易受微生物分解的有机物质,在特定时间(5天)及温度(20℃)下,微生物之分解氧化作用所消耗的氧量." "101","257","中级","水质监测","下列何种物质是导致湖泊优养化的主要原因?","营养盐","重金属","戴奥辛","石油外泄","1","优养化是指过量的营养物质进入水体,造成藻类大量的繁殖、死亡,因其腐败分解而大量耗氧,导致水中溶氧耗尽,有机物质却很充足的现象." "101","258","中级","水质监测","汞是累积性毒物,对人体健康伤害性极大,其主要影响在於下列哪一部分的危害?","呼吸系统","皮肤","消化系统","中枢神经系统","4","汞具累积性毒物,对人体健康主要影响在於中枢神经系统和肾脏伤害等." "101","259","中级","水质监测","蓄水池、水塔至少每隔多久需要清洗一次?","1~3个月","半年~一年","1~3年","不用清洗","2","蓄水池水塔之清洗,为建筑物用水设备重要的维护工作,至少每半年至一年清洗一次,并得视其水质状况,弹性调整之." "101","260","中级","水质监测","水样品检测结果显示叶绿素a偏高时,可能代表该水样有何污染现象?","水质优养化现象","水质遭受重金属污染","水中COD偏高","水中溶氧偏高","1","当水体中叶绿素a偏高时,表示水中藻类过量繁殖,间接也反应了水体趋於优养化程度." "101","261","中级","水质监测","进行水中TDS(总溶解固体物)检测时,相关样品的过滤液须在下列哪个温度烘乾后,再秤取重量?","摄氏25~35度","摄氏103~105度","摄氏250~300度","摄氏600~650度","2","在水中溶解的固体物质总量,包括溶解性碳酸氢离子、氯盐、硫酸盐、钙、镁、钠与钾等.量测方法为水样经过滤后,滤液於103℃~105℃烘乾后之残余重量." "101","262","中级","水质监测","环保署执行环境水体水质之例行性监测,「未包括」下列哪个範围?","河川","地下水","水库","蓄水池","4","环保署执行水体水质监测作业之範围,包括河川、水库、地下水、海域." "101","263","中级","自然保育","台中市政府农业局於2012年6月公告高美野生动物保护区的分区管制,游客可以在规划的时间内进入下列哪一个区域活动?","核心区","缓冲区","永续利用区","以上皆可","3","台中市政府农业局已公告高美野生动物保护区将采分区管制,分为核心区、缓冲区以及永续利用区三区,民众活动範围限制在永续利用区,前两区禁止民众活动." "101","264","中级","自然保育","行政院於民国99年7月1日核定「国家重要湿地保育计画」,推动我们重要湿地保育工作,将全国82处湿地分三个等级,「不包括」下列何者?","国际级","国家级","县市级","地方级","3","为推动我国重要湿地保育工作,行政院於民国99年7月1日核定「国家重要湿地保育计画」.目前全国共有82处国家重要湿地,分为国际级、国家级与地方级." "101","265","中级","自然保育","下列哪一项「不是」造成海洋资源减少的原因?","过??用开发,缺乏资源管?","海岸开发及海洋生物栖息环境的破坏","人类排放的废水和垃圾的威胁","海洋保护区的设置","4","目前全世界海洋生态环境面临严重威胁有过渔、栖地破坏、污染、及全球气候变迁等问题.台湾这几年来面临海岸开发而破坏海洋生物栖息环境,及人类排放的废水和垃圾的威胁." "101","266","中级","自然保育","在国家公园的一般管制区或游憩区内,经国家公园管理处之许可,可以从事下列哪项行为?","矿物或土石之勘采","垂钓鱼类或放牧牲畜","广告、招牌或其他类似物之设置","以上皆可","4","一般管制区或游憩区内,经国家公园管理处之许可,得为下列行为:(1)公私建筑物或道路、桥梁之建设或拆除.(2)水面、水道之填塞、改道或扩展.(3)矿物或土石之勘采.(4)土地之开垦或变更使用.(5)垂钓鱼类或放牧牲畜.(6)缆车等机械化运输设备之兴建.(7)温泉水源之利用.(8)广告、招牌或其他类似物之设置.(9)原有工厂之设备需要扩充或增加或变更使用者.(10)其他须经主管机关许可事项." "101","267","中级","自然保育","在河川中构筑水坝将对生态系造成什麽影响?","使生物族群缩小","造成洄游生物的阻隔","造成栖地的单调化","以上皆是","4","拦砂坝对於溪流生物环境,产生的多种负面效应;如洄游生物阻隔、生物族群缩小与群聚区隔化及栖息地单调化等三种降低水生生物多样性的效应." "101","268","中级","自然保育","外来物种容易入侵本土生态环境而引起危害.下列何者为外来种危害本土种的原因?","繁殖力强","缺乏天敌的压制","竞争力强","以上皆是","4","外来物种经常由於在入侵区具有丰富的食物、缺乏天敌和竞争对手、本身具有较强的繁殖力,因此容易成为入侵种而造成对本土生态的危害." "101","269","中级","自然保育","过去台湾在进行河川整治时,经利用水泥护岸将河川沟渠化.这种作法对於河川生态有何影响?","一些水栖的昆虫會找不到化蛹的场所","提高河岸对於水流冲刷的抵抗力","增加游客亲近水岸的机會","以上皆是","1","台湾许多河川从原始自然美景资源的溪流,整治成为水泥沟渠,使水中生物的栖息地丧失,伴随著许多物种灭绝;而以防洪优先治理的结果却使各地的水患却更加严重." "101","270","中级","文化保存","阿?壹古道,为清代琅嶠卑南道的其中一段.此古道位於哪一个自然保留区内?","南澳阔?树?自然保留区","乌石鼻海岸自然保留区","鸳鸯湖自然保留区","旭海观音鼻自然保?区","4","旭海-观音鼻自然保留区为台湾少数保存极佳高自然度海岸与河口地景,区内阿郎壹古道段为早年平埔族群、斯卡罗族群、排湾族群与阿美族群,往来恒春半岛及台东间重要通道.屏东县政府於民国101年1月20日依《文化资产保存法》指定公告划设." "101","271","中级","低碳永续家园","电动车的发展,早期目的是为了能源危机,今日则为了环保而推展.以下哪一项是使用电动车有利於环境保护的原因?","外型时髦","免缴空污费","不會排放二氧化碳","有补助购车","3","电动车有很多优点:如冬天不怕无法发动、不會排放二氧化碳、马达几乎不必保养、不必换机油、等红绿灯时及下坡路段不會浪费能量等,更重要的是它的能源效率很高,每跑一公里所花的钱,即使将电池的成本算入还是低於汽油车." "101","272","中级","低碳永续家园","下列哪一个吸收二氧化的作法,最有效率和符合经济效益?","绿化","硷吸收","制成乾冰","合成沼气","1","绿化被公认是吸收二氧化碳最经济且有效的策略,有减缓地球气候高温化的功效." "101","273","中级","低碳永续家园","有关家里冷气的设置与使用,以下哪一种作法不能提高冷气的效率?","加装窗帘","加装吊扇,增加空气的循环","冷气出风口对著往下的楼梯","冷气控温於摄氏26-28度","3","冷气會造成冷空气下沉的特性,因此冷气的出风口绝对不要对著往下的楼梯." "101","274","中级","低碳永续家园","下列关於节能减碳的做法何者「错误」?","养成随手关电的好习惯","使用具有绿色标章的产品","将洗米水拿来浇花或冲马桶","电脑不使用时继续开著电源","4","节能减碳的落实,需透过学校教育,培养节省能源和减低排碳的意识,促使民众在个人日常生活中,鼓励落实生活环保,做到每人每天至少减碳一公斤,让台湾加速迈向「低碳社會」." "101","275","中级","低碳永续家园","下列哪一项物质「不是」由太阳能间接而得的?","石油","煤","木炭","核能","4","石油和煤来自千万年前捕获的太阳能后死亡的生物;而生质柴油及酒精都是现代的植物或藻类提炼而成的." "101","276","中级","灾害防救","下列哪一类的山坡地较稳定?","坡度较陡处","板块边缘地震频繁处","农牧业土地高度利用处","复层植被处","4","复层植被也就是种植多种植物,如乔木、次乔木、灌木、草与地茵等.对於发育成熟的林相而言,不同层次的树冠分布还有分层截留雨水的功能,进而稳定山坡地结构." "101","277","中级","灾害防救","以下哪项条件与台东出现焚风有关?","冬天的东北季风","夏季台风引进之西南气流","春季之梅雨","秋季偶发之气温上升","2","夏季台风引进之西南气流常伴随产生焚风." "101","278","中级","灾害防救","下列何种自然灾害对堰塞湖的形成影响最小?","台风带来的豪雨","地震","火山爆发","乾旱","4","堰塞湖是指原有河道因土石阻塞,水流积聚漫益,往上游地区淹没,形成湖泊.阻塞物的来源包括地震造成的崩塌堆积物、降雨造成的土石流、火山爆发的熔岩碎屑、冰川堆积物,或是人为活动等." "101","279","中级","灾害防救","欲防止地层持续下陷最妥当的方法为何?","填土","减少超抽地下水","大量引入工业","增加灌溉","2","下陷面积过广,填土并不切实际,引入工业或增加灌溉均将增加用水,无助於减少抽取地下水,防止地层下陷最有效之方法还是减少超抽地下水." "101","280","中级","灾害防救","为防範持久性有机污染物危害,国际间所签订的公约为以下何者?","蒙特娄议定书","巴赛尔公约","斯德哥尔摩公约","维也纳公约","3","为防範持久性有机污染物所签订的公约为《斯德哥尔摩公约》." "101","281","中级","灾害防救","下列何者「不是」属《蒙特娄议定书》列管之化学物质?","过氧硝酸乙醯酯(PAN)","氟氯碳化物(CFCs)","海龙(Halons)","氟氯烃(HCFC)","1","过氧硝酸乙醯酯(PAN)光化学物的内容物." "101","282","中级","灾害防救","灾害管理是分成几个阶段来操作?","二阶段","三阶段","四阶段","五阶段","3","灾害管理可分为减灾(mitigation)、整备(prepared-ness)、应变(response)、复原(recovery)四个阶段,每阶段皆环环相扣,一个阶段没作好,就會影响下一阶段的工作." "101","283","中级","灾害防救","下列何者「不是」气候变迁所造成的灾害?","犯罪率提升","加剧热岛效应","电气设备容易暴露於危险中","都市污水处理与卫生设施亦受冲击","1","都市地区建筑物、道路、基础设施和其他建设产生更多不透水面积,极端降雨所产生大量的地表迳流,能轻易使都市的排水系统失去作用,导致都市污水处理与卫生设施亦受冲击,进而影响人类卫生健康;电气设备也特别容易暴露於危险中,造成都市机能丧失或降低;由於热岛效应,高密度都市与周边地区的温差可能达到10℃." "101","284","中级","社区参与","下列何种行为有害社区环境?","帮社区的植物浇水","觉得社区蚊虫太多,可以从家里拿杀虫剂来喷","看到地上有垃圾随手捡起","帮忙社区做绿美化","2","化学杀虫药剂或是杀草剂都會破坏当地生态系统及危害人体健康,不应该随便大量使用." "101","285","中级","社区参与","面对全球的环境问题,社区应该如何做以减少对环境的破坏?","路灯更换成LED灯","多种植绿色植栽","公共建筑屋顶架设太阳能板","以上皆是","4","减少社区产生的二氧化碳,有助於减缓全球的环境问题." "101","286","中级","社区参与","下列社区垃圾分类的方式何者「错误」?","旧录影带可以直接放在塑胶类回收","电池、光碟可以拿到便利超商回收并换等价商品","厨余回收必须把生熟分开","回收任何罐装物品,需把罐内液体倒至乾净才可回收","1","旧录影带回收必须把胶卷移除,外壳的塑胶才可以分类至塑胶回收." "101","287","中级","空污","目前台湾公告之室内空气品质标准「?包含」下列何者?","总挥发性有机气体","一氧化碳","嗜肺性退伍军人杆菌","臭氧","3","根據《室内空气品质管理法》第七条第二项规定之标准项目包括二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲醛、总挥发性有机化合物、细菌、真菌、粒径小於等於十微米之悬浮微粒、臭氧." "101","288","中级","空污","政府在哪一年开徵空气污染防制费?","民国74年","民国78年","民国84年","民国94年","3","空气污染防制费之开徵自民国84年起,由中央统筹向固定污染源及移动污染源,依其油(燃)料使用量徵收,并成立单位预算特种基金将徵收所得之空污费专款专用於空气污染防制工作." "101","289","中级","空气品质监测","若今日空气污染指标为不良,下列何者「错误」?","所监测的五项污染物,均达不良","所监测的五项污染物,至少4项达不良","所监测的五项污染物,至少3项达不良","所监测的五项污染物,至少1项达不良","1","空气污染指标为依據监测资料将当日空气中悬浮微粒(PM10)(粒径10微米以下之细微粒)、二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、一氧化碳(CO)及臭氧(O3)浓度等数值,以其对人体健康的影响程度,分别换算出不同污染物之副指标值,再以当日各副指标之最大值为该测站当日之空气污染指标值(PSI)." "101","290","中级","空气品质监测","pH值是用来判断液体为酸性或硷性的单位,pH值之範围介於下列何者之间?","0至7","1至10","0至14","1至15","3","pH值之範围介於0~14之间,pH值为7时表中性,pH值比7大为硷性,比7小时为酸性." "101","291","中级","空气品质监测","民国96年针对下列何者指标增加空气品质预报的项目以提升敏感族群预警机制?","PM2.5及O3,8小时","PM2.5及PM10","NO及O3,8小时","PM10及O3,8小时","1","民国96年7月开始,在不改变现行PSI预报系统下,增列PM2.5及O3,8hr监测预警值,前者以大於65μgm-3作为预警,后者以大於80ppb为预警值,以提升敏感族群预警机制." "101","292","中级","非游离辐射及物理公害","下列何者对电磁波传播速度的描述是正确的?","比光速快","比光速慢","和光速一样","无法比较","3","电磁波的传播速度与光速相同约为c=300000km/s(音速约为340m/s)." "101","293","中级","非游离辐射及物理公害","国内已发布的电磁波法规与相关标准,发布单位包括下列何者?","国家通讯传播委员會","环保署","经济部能源局","以上皆是","4","国内已发布的电磁波法规与相关标准,发布单位包括:国家通讯传播委员會、环保署、经济部能源局、行政院劳工委员會、中华民国国家标准." "101","294","中级","非游离辐射及物理公害","下列何者为非游离辐射中波长最短的辐射线?","紫外线","红外线","可见光","以上皆非","1","紫外线为非游离辐射中频率最高的辐射,光谱範围约在100nm~400nm之间,可见光波长範围约为400至700nm,而红外线光谱範围约在700~100,000nm之间." "101","295","中级","非游离辐射及物理公害","关於电磁波防治相关法规制作及管制,为政府哪一个行政单位执行?","行政院卫生署","行政院环保署","行政院公共工程委员會","行政院劳委會","2","环境保护署基於环境保护立场,已参考国际非游离辐射防护委员會(ICNIRP)一般民众电磁场参考位准值,於民国101年11月30日公告「限制时变电场、磁场及电磁场曝?指引」." "101","296","中级","气候变迁","联合国气候变迁委员會的报告认为当人类活动对於地球环境造成的各种影响,超越地球动态平衡的临界点,便會引起各种难以预测的变迁,其中以大气的变化最为显著,特别是全球暖化的现象.临界点指的温度是几℃?","1℃","2℃","3℃","4℃","2","在2009年哥本哈根气候會议所通过之协议内容中,主要一点即控制全球升温在2℃之内,所有国家都必须采取行动对抗气候变迁." "101","297","中级","气候变迁","造成气候变迁最重要的因素,就区域及地方尺度而言,哪一项是最重要的?","人口爆炸","都市化与土地使用变迁","全球农业发展","工业发展","2","在二十世纪期间,地球大气中二氧化碳浓度已经升高30%,造成地球表面的温度升高0.7℃.就全球尺度而言,人类大量使用化石能源是造成气候变迁最重要的因素;就区域及地方尺度而言,都市化与土地使用变迁也是相当重要的因素." "101","298","中级","气候变迁","以下哪一项「不是」联合国过去几次重要气候变迁會议之目的?","要求经济强国付款给落后国家保护热带雨林","期望透过全球各国的合作与努力来促使温室气体减量","解除造成气候变迁的肇因","减缓气候变迁的冲击","1","联合国过去曾召集几次重要會议之目的是期望透过全球各国的合作与努力来促使温室气体减量、解除造成气候变迁的肇因、减缓气候变迁的冲击." "101","299","中级","气候变迁","下列何者「不是」海水温度上升对水产养殖渔业生产的冲击?","改变养殖之水质环境","增加水产疾病风险","冲击水产养殖物种生产力","增加寒带水产养殖物种生产量","4","海水温度上升會改变养殖之水质环境,增加水产疾病风险,冲击水产养殖物种生产力与生产量." "101","300","中级","气候变迁","就台湾而言,下?何者属於全球性的环境问题,需透过国际合作解决?","地下水污染","噪音","酸雨","土壤污染","3","酸雨因酸性沉降属区域性问题,需透过国际合作解决." "101","301","中级","绿色采购及消费","联合国推动之水足迹(waterfootprint)概念中「不包括」以下哪一项思维?","标示产品之耗水量","推动产业建立节水制程","推动水资源回收再利用及节约用水奖励机制","推动购买使用国外进口的瓶装水","4","以联合国推动之水足迹(waterfootprint)概念促进永续水资源经营与利用的作法包括:(1)推动标示产品之耗水量,提供参考以减少高耗水产品之消费.(2)推动产业建立节水制程,在单位产能下有效降低耗水量.(3)推动水资源回收再利用及节约用水奖励机制." "101","302","中级","灾害防救","推动地层下陷地区产业转型再发展时要结合哪些目标?","治水","产业","土地开发","以上皆是","4","结合治水、产业及土地开发等多元目标,推动地层下陷地区产业转型再发展." "101","303","中级","气候变迁","气候变迁造成土地使用的冲击,可能受到经济影响最大的是下列何者?","东部沿海地区","西部沿海地区","金门","马祖","2","台湾都市与经济活动主要分布於西部沿海平原,许多都市与集居地分布的地势低平,面对海平面上升的议题,台湾沿海与低洼地区之土地使用/活动型态应有所调整与重新思考,才能回应海平面上升及台风暴潮造成生命财产损失的挑战." "101","304","中级","饮用水管理","国内现行标准饮用水PH值介於何者间?","5~7.5","6~8.5","7~9.5","8~10.5","2","pH值过低(过酸)时,會造成配水系统中管线腐蚀,使水质中铅、铜、锌等重金属含量过高,pH值过(>8.5)时,會造成消毒效率降低,且會有苦昧及管垢产主之困扰,故在健康上pH值影响属间接性." "101","305","中级","温室气体减量","除了二氧化碳之外,下列哪一种气体同属温室气体?","氧气","氢气","甲醛","甲烷","4","大气中吸收长波辐射能量及产生温室效应的气体称之为温室气体,包括六氟化硫、全氟碳化物、臭氧、氢氟氯碳化物、氧化亚氮、甲烷、二氧化碳." "101","306","中级","温室气体减量","为了鼓励民众节约用电而推行的「电费折扣奖励节能措施」,对於节能减碳的正向效果为何?","增加了森林的二氧化碳固碳功能","激励民众长期於日常生活中持续力行节约能源","降低对风力发电依赖并发展更多绿色能源","解决发电长期供应过剩的状况","2","「电费折扣奖励节能措施」为减缓电价调整对民生用户之冲击及推动节能减碳,针对住宅用户及中小学提供优惠方案.假如用电量与上一年同期相比,为零成长或负成长,就给予电费折扣优惠.台电公司希望藉此诱因,引导全民养成节电习惯,从生活中减少能源使用." "101","307","中级","温室气体减量","为预防世界各国排放温室气体,影响全球气候,国际上於1997年共同签署哪一项议定书?","京都议定书","伦敦议定书","多伦多议定书","首尔议定书","1","为预防世界各国排放温室气体,影响全球气候,国际上於1997年共同签署《京都协议书》." "101","308","中级","资源回收","下列何者「不是」废轮胎的主要成分?","橡胶","塑胶","钢丝","纤维","2","废轮胎的主要成分为橡胶、钢丝及纤维." "101","309","中级","资源回收","5R为垃圾减量的五项原则,下列何者正确?","Refuse:拒用无环保观念产品","Repair:重复使用容器或产品","Recycle:重视维修保养","以上皆是","1","Reduce:减少丢弃之垃圾量.Reuse:重复使用容器或产品.Repair:重视维修保养,延长物品使用寿命.Refuse:拒用无环保观念产品.Recycle:回收使用再生产品." "101","310","中级","资源回收","废日光灯管被归类为有害垃圾的原因为何?","含有水银","为玻璃材质","含有金属","以上皆是","1","日光灯管因含有水银故被归类为有害垃圾." "101","311","中级","资源回收","关於药品容器内之剩余药品应该如何处理?","弃置於马桶或水槽中","交由连锁药粧店回收点","丢弃至垃圾车","给相同症状的亲友吃","2","民众回收前先将容器内剩余废旧药品予以清出,再并同家户一般垃圾交由清洁隊清除处理,勿弃置於马桶或水槽中.再将药品空容器放入家户资源类垃圾,交由清洁隊资源回收车、废容器回收业者或贩卖业者之回收点(例如超级市场、量贩店、连锁药粧店、连锁便利商店等)." "101","312","中级","资源回收","下列何者可以作为再生纸利用?","蜡纸","复写纸","传真纸","牛皮纸袋","4","废纸可细分为白纸类、混合纸类、报纸类及牛皮纸类等四类分类回收但若是纸上有油渍、塑胶覆膜,或是复写纸、蜡纸、掺有其他成分如金属的合成纸、用过的卫生纸、纸尿片,是无法当再生纸用." "101","313","中级","资源回收","下列何者是可以回收的废弃物?","废光碟片","农药废容器","废行动电话","以上皆是","4","资源回收可分为物品类(例如:废铅蓄电池、废润滑油、废电子电器、废照明光源)、容器类(例如:废纸容器、废塑胶容器、农药废容器)及其他类(例如:废玻璃类、废塑胶类、废光碟片、废行动电话与充电器)." "101","314","中级","资源回收","关於宝特瓶回收再利用的用途,下列何者「错误」?","制成毛毯","再生购物袋","做成假发","卫生纸","4","废宝特瓶回收可再利用制成购物袋、T-shirt、假发或毛毯等." "101","315","中级","低碳永续家园","垃圾焚化厂除了可以处理垃圾以外,还可以提供以下何种用途?","供水","发电","供石油","净化水质","2","焚化厂设有余热回收发电设施,利用热交换原理,可以藉垃圾焚化后的废热回收锅炉所产生的大量蒸气推动汽轮机,连结发电机产生电能,在功能上,垃圾焚化厂除作为资源回收厂使用外,也可视为小型发电厂." "101","316","中级","环保标章","下列何者标章与宣导节能减碳概念是「无关」的?","绿建筑标章","节能标章","牛奶标章","环保标章","3","绿建筑标章是鼓励兴建省能源、省资源、低污染之绿建筑建立舒适、健康、环保之居住环境.节能标章是希望藉由此制度来推广,鼓励民众使用高能源效率产品,以减少能源消耗.环保标章是让消费者清楚选择有利环境的产品,同时也促使贩卖及制造之产商自动发展有利於环境的产品." "101","317","中级","低碳永续家园","冷气温度设定值每调高1℃,可节省冷气用电百分之几?","2%","4%","6%","8%","3","家庭冷气设定如果能调高1度C,就可节省6%的耗电,以全国1900万台冷气机来计算,夏天可以省3亿度,每人每天如果省一度电,全台湾每年就可以省下84亿度电,并减少580万公吨二氧化碳(CO2)排放量.在冷气房中穿著外套、裹著厚棉被的你,该要检查冷气设定的温度了.另外,少开冷气多开电风扇、定时清洗冷气滤网,屋顶种植绿化植物,遮阳又美化屋顶." "101","318","中级","综合企划","行政院环保署何年开始订定环保标章?","1990年","1992年","1994年","1996年","2","为了配合绿色消费导向,让消费者能清楚地选择有利环境的产品,同时也促使贩卖及制造之产商,能因市场之供需,自动地发展有利於环境的产品,环保署特别设计了环保标章的制度,并在1992年3月19日评选出我国的「环保标章」,这个标章图样为「一片绿色树叶包裹著纯净、不受污染的地球」,亦是象徵著「可回收、低污染、省资源」的环保理念." "101","319","中级","综合企划","政府公告百货公司、连锁便利商店中实施冷气控温不外泄条款中,何时订定「指定能源用户应遵行之节约能源规定」?","96年1月19日","97年1月19日","98年1月19日","99年1月19日","4","观光旅馆、百货公司、零售式量贩店、连锁超级市场、连锁便利商店、连锁便利商店、连锁电器零售店以上几项由政府目前规定的店家,能源用户装设能源设备应符合节约能源规定之期程及阶段." "101","320","中级","绿色产业","天然气属於几次能源?","一次能源","二次能源","三次能源","四次能源","1","一次能源是指直接取自自然界没有加工转换的各种能源,如原媒、天然气、核能、太阳能等.二次能源是指由一次能源加工转换后得到的能源产品,如:电器、煤气、汽油、液态石油气、酒精等." "101","321","中级","空污","厨房油烟所产生的粒状污染物含有下列何种物质?","硫氧化物","碳氢化合物","氮氧化物","氟化物","2","国人饮食喜好高温煎煮炒炸,如果油脂温度达到一、两百度以上,将會产生多环芳香族碳氢化合物(PAH),油烟中的PAH是致癌物,没有适当的排油烟设备,将影响人体健康." "101","322","中级","环保标章","该选用贴有哪一种标章的电器用品较省能?","减碳标章","节能标章","优良农产品标章","环保标章","2","节能标章倡导国人响应节能从生活中的点滴做起.原?采取、产品制造、应用过程及使用后之再生?用,对地球环境负荷最小、对人?身体健康无害之材?像?用光电玻璃、太阳能板等材?达到节能减碳." "101","323","中级","绿色采购及消费","下列哪种行为「不符合」绿色消费的原则?","注意生态保护,不要污染环境造成公害","自备餐具、环保筷和购物袋","可分解的环保塑胶袋,用完即可丢弃","做好资源回收,让资源再利用","3","绿色消费,有六大原则需要遵守:减量消费(Reduce)、重复使用(Reuse)、回收再生(Recycle)、讲求经济(Economic)、符合生态(Ecological)、实践平等(Eqaitable)." "101","324","中级","绿色采购及消费","自备购物袋属於绿色消费的哪一种行为?","环保选购","减量使用","回收再生","节约能源","2","自备购物袋,可以省下不少个塑胶袋." "101","325","中级","绿色采购及消费","外食自备餐具是落实绿色消费的哪一项表现?","重复使用","回收再生","环保选购","降低污染","1","餐具为多次使用的产品,可避免用完立刻丢掉浪费的情形." "101","326","中级","绿色产业","依據国际绿色产业联合會的广义定义,绿色产业包括以下哪些产业?","服务业","制造业","旅游业","以上皆是","4","广义的绿色产业包括服务业制造业和旅游业." "101","327","中级","绿色产业","餐饮业要配合推动绿色产业,使用下列哪一种材料较「不恰当」?","当季食材","进口材料","在地食材","蔬果轻食","2","进口食材须耗费运送过程所产生的碳量不符合绿色产业." "101","328","中级","绿色产业","截至民国101年底,国内哪个县市拥有最多家绿色商店?","台北市","新北市","台中市","高雄市","2","国内目前绿色商店以新北市的2140家最多." "101","329","中级","绿色产业","下列哪一个县市尚未设置风力发电机组?","新北市","桃园县","南投县","彰化县","3","台湾风力发电主要设在西部沿海地区,南投县不临海所以没有设置风力发电." "101","330","中级","绿色产业","政府目前积极推动垃圾清运方式为下列何者?","放在固定地点就好","带到学校丢弃","请人到家里收集","垃圾不落地","4","垃圾不落地为目前国内积极推动的垃圾清理方式." "101","331","中级","绿色产业","以下何者由半导体材料构成,为利用半导体中,电子与电洞结合放出光子的原理而制成的发光元件?","LED","LCD","EDD","ECD","1","LED(LightEmittingDiode;LED)是由半导体材料构成,系利用半导体中电子与电洞结合放出光子,所制成之发光元件.照明应用即灯具上是由光源、控制系统以及外部结构所构成,以达到配置光线与保护光源体之目的,并供应光源体电源." "101","332","中级","绿色产业","全台电动机车推广比例最高的县市为何?","宜兰县","金门县","澎湖县","花莲县","3","澎湖县积极推动绿能无碳岛因此对於电动机车的构成比为全国最高." "101","333","中级","废弃物管理","於民国100年时,我国平均每人每日垃圾清运量约为多少公斤?","2.5公斤","1.5公斤","1公斤","0.4公斤","4","於民国100年时,平均每人每日垃圾清运量为0.427公斤." "101","334","中级","噪音","下列何者是最根本的噪音防制策略?","开立罚单","装置隔音墙","改善噪音源","取缔噪音","3","透过噪音源的防制、传播途径阻隔、受音者保护、管理措施及沟通协调来维护居家环境安宁,但这五大方向并非是一成不变,必需依據实际现况、噪音严重程度、施工方法及成果效益等各项因素来选择一项或数项策略去改善.而改善噪音源为最根本的方法." "101","335","中级","噪音","下列何种公害是属於物理性公害?","垃圾","噪音","水污染","空气污染","2","噪音是声音的传送,属於物理作用." "101","336","中级","噪音","近邻噪音量太大,打电话陈情时,环保局人员派人来测量的时间是下列何者?","依人员排班状况轮流","可依陈情人指定时刻","随时會来,所以要等著","通常不會来","2","依噪音管制标准规定,测量时间:选择发生噪音最具代表之时刻或陈情人指定之时刻测量." "101","337","中级","噪音","下列何者是噪音频率的单位?","微米(μm)","加仑(gal)","帕(Pa)","赫(Hz)","4","噪音是由许多频率的音量所组成的,其单位是赫(Hz)." "101","338","中级","噪音","商家冷却水塔所产生的噪音,是属於哪一类噪音?","交通噪音","营业场所噪音","民俗噪音","群聚噪音","2","依《噪音管制法》第六条规定「制造不具持续性或不易量测而足以妨害他人生活安宁之声音,由警察机关依有关法规处理之.」商家冷却水塔所产生的噪音属於营业场所噪音." "101","339","中级","噪音","下列哪个单位是噪音的受害单位也是加害单位?","办公室","研究室","图书馆","学校","4","学校受到校外噪音影响学生学习,但是下课时产生噪音也影响周遭居民的安宁." "101","340","中级","噪音","小孩哭闹时,容易引起母亲的不高兴,这主要是噪音引起的什麽反应?","情绪","聽力受损","血压升高","谈话受干扰","1","小孩长时间的哭闹声很容易影响照顾者的情绪." "101","341","中级","环保标章","下列何者为对省水标章之描述?","箭头向上,代表将中心的水滴接起","右边三条水带,代表「爱水、亲水、节水」","蓝色代表水质纯净清澈","以上皆是","4","(1)箭头向上,代表将中心的水滴接起,强调回归再利用,提高用水效率.(2)右边三条水带,代表「爱水、亲水、节水」,藉以鼓励民众爱护水资源,亲近河川、湖泊、水库,并共同推动节约用水.(3)蓝色代表水质纯净清澈,得之不易,务当珍惜.(4)整体而言,水资源如不虞匮乏,大家皆欢喜,故水滴笑脸迎人." "101","342","中级","环保标章","下列何者是绿建材的优点?","增加化学合成材料","增加材料生产耗能","使用自然材料与高挥发性有机物质建材","进行材料基本性能及特殊性能评估","3","绿建材之优点如下:(1)生态材料:减少化学合成材之生态负荷与能源消耗、(2)可回收性:减少材料生产耗能与资源消耗、(3)健康安全:使用自然材料与低挥发性有机物质建材,可减免化学合成材之危害、材料性能材料基本性能及特殊性能评估与管制,可确保建材使用阶段时之品质." "101","343","中级","环保标章","下面有关碳足迹标章与减碳之目标何者「错误」?","於产品上标示碳足迹","生产者应建立产品碳足迹并减碳","消费者可优先购买具低碳足迹的产品","碳足迹标章与消费者无关联","4","计算碳足迹主要是提供消费者选购低碳排放量之产品." "101","344","中级","环保标章","碳足迹标章上的数值意义为何?","数值大代表温室气体含量越低","数值小代表温室气体含量越高","代表通通是环保产品","可以瞭解并优先选购碳排放量较低的替代品","4","我国碳标签制度说明:第一阶段:推动产品碳标签,协助消费者寻找低碳替代品;第二阶段:发展低碳标章,提供消费者选购低碳产品." "101","345","中级","环保标章","下列何者「不属於」绿色商品?","获得能源标章产品","获得环保标章产品","获得绿建筑标章产品","获得CNS标章产品","4","绿色商品导入与管理:商品获得「环保标章」、「节能标章」等政府认定为绿色产品或符合这些标章规格的产品之导入与管理.CNS标章为:产品安全标章." "101","346","中级","环境影响评估","下列何者宣言提出「环境影响评估」?","那德威克宣言","索非亚协定","里约宣言","赫尔辛基宣言","3","「里约宣言」第17条原则,各国应以环境影响评估作工具,监管有可能对环境产生重大不利影响的活动." "101","347","中级","环境公平正义","《里约宣言》提出有三项关系依存是不可分割的,下列何者为「错误」?","慈爱","和平","发展","保护环境","1","《里约宣言》第25条原则,和平,发展和保护环境是相互依存和不可分割的" "101","348","中级","环境公平正义","西元2000年9月「联合国千禧年高峰會」(UnitedNationsMillenniumSummit)拟订8项发展目标,下列何者为「错误」?","消除极端贫穷和饥饿","抗爱滋病毒、疟疾和其他疾病","确保环境永续发展","中等教育普及化","4","於2000年9月「联合国千禧年高峰會」(UnitedNationsMillenniumSummit),八项发展目标为:(1)消除极端贫穷和饥饿;(2)初等教育普及化;(3)促进两性平等并且赋予妇女权力;(4)降低儿童死亡率;(5)改善产妇保健;(6)对抗爱滋病毒、疟疾和其他疾病;(7)确保环境永续发展;(8)促进全球发展夥伴关系." "101","349","中级","环境公平正义","下列选项何者「不是」环境伦理的基本原则?","环境正义原则","世代公平原则","产业发展原则","尊重自然原则","3","环境伦理提供了三条基本伦理原则,即环境正义原则、世代公平原则和尊重自然的原则." "101","350","中级","环境公平正义","有关环境公平正义之叙述下列而者为「错误」?","剥夺少数族群的权益","保障原住民土地与资源","确保经济与文化弱势之社會群体发展","对於儿童、女性与老年人口之生存空间与生活所需给予特殊的关注","1","在永续社为中对於公平正义的追求可以分别以下列三大策略项目为主要重点:(1)保护弱势群体与团体;(2)关注后代子孙福祉;(3)保障环境人权." "101","351","中级","环境公平正义","台湾永续发展策略纲领中提到要「保障环境人权」,指的是什麽意义?","确保台湾人民拥有安全、乾净的生活空间","透过科技保障民众免於环境污染","确保台湾人民好的工作环境","提升台湾人民的人民权益和选举公平性","2","全球各国与民间组织均开始致力於环境人权保障的努力,以弥补「人权宣言」之不足.这些对於个人环境权的保护包括:落实污染防制与管制以确保所有人都享有乾净、安全的空气、阳光、水与土地.建构与维护一个健康、安全以及符合生态原则的居住、工作及休闲环境.促进环境资讯之公开与易得性,并落实住民、民间团体对於环境相关决策有畅通的沟通与参与管道." "101","352","中级","绿色采购及消费","关於「绿色设计」的概念,下列叙述何者正确?","生产成本低廉的产品","表示建康的,安全的商品","售价低廉易购买的商品","包装纸一定要用绿色系的","2","在设计产品时,应考虑使产品尽可能短小轻薄,节省材料.考虑材料选用要无毒无害易分解处理;考虑使产品在使用过程中要安全与节能." "101","353","中级","环境公平正义","下列何者符合环境正义的原则?","当代人与现代人共享相同的资源","将污染物运至人口较少的地方处理","设立国家公园不采纳原住民族意见","政府独自执行环境政策","1","环境正义是一种反对政府、资本家与强势团体对於弱势族群的环境殖民行径,并主张消除贫穷、资源永续的共享、废弃物的妥善处理,以及民众参与公共事务的权利." "101","354","中级","环境公平正义","永续发展的原则为何?","公平性(Fairness)","永续性(Sustainability)","共同性(Commonality)","以上皆是","4","「永续发展」应包含公平性(Fairness)、永续性(Sustainability)、及共同性(Commonality)三个原则" "101","355","中级","环境公平正义","《蒙特娄议定书》是为保护臭氧层,管制国际间臭氧层破坏物质的使用,下列何者「不是」管制的项目?","二氧化碳","四氯化碳","氟氯碳化合物(CFCs)","溴甲烷","1","目前管制的项目包括全氟氯碳化合物(CFCs)、海龙(Halons)、四氯化碳、非全氟氯碳化合物(HCFCs)、非全氟溴碳化合物(HBFCs)、三氯乙烷及溴甲烷等." "101","356","中级","环境公平正义","关於美国环保署对於「环境正义」的定义,下列何者「错误」?","确保人人享有公平的待遇","正义与否对后代子孙是没有影响的","是不分国籍及种族的","不应以经济收入来区隔","2","在制订、实施、执行环境法律、规章与政策时,确保人人享受公正的待遇并且能够有意义地参与,而不分种族、肤色、原国籍或收入水平." "101","357","中级","公害纠纷","环保署把陈情公害放到网路地图上供民众查询的作法,有什麽用意?","增加民众的上网次数","让民众了解住家附近有哪些公害","丰富环保相关的网路内容","让民众可以随时透过网路下载相关的手机应用程式","2","建置环境公害查询地图,居家附近的生活品质一览无遗,让我们了解身边发生的公害问题,进而自发性的改善整体社区品质.同时要关心不断发生的大型公害事件,将对家园的热爱转化为「全民力量」,促使政府改善环境.环境公害少一点,人民生活就更有保障." "101","358","中级","环境公平正义","能源发展应满足未?世代发展的需要.下列何者「不符合」能源公平分配的观点?","有效利用","节约使用","研发替代能源","劝说后代子孙弃用","4","永续能源发展应兼顾「能源安全」、「经济发展」与「环境保护」,以满足未?世代发展的需要.台湾自然资源?足,环境承载有限,永续能源政策应将有限资源作有「效?」的使用,开发对环境友善的「洁净」能源,与确保持续「稳定」的能源供应,以创造跨世代能源、环保与经济三赢愿景." "101","359","中级","环境公平正义","下列何者为环境权之主要内容?","优良环境享有权","恶化环境拒绝权","环境知情权","以上皆是","4","环境权俨然已成为新兴人权之一,这是因为环境权除了维系人的存续具有生存权的概念外,亦具有社會主义与维持社會正义的意涵,由此环境权的内容主要有「优良环境享有权」「恶化环境拒绝权」「环境知情权」「环境参与权」." "101","360","中级","环境公平正义","下列何者为永续社會下公平正义所要达到之愿景?","保障环境人权","关注后代子孙","保护弱势族群与团体","以上皆是","4","国家永续发展愿景与策略纲领中有提到於公平正义具有以下三个目标「保障环境人权」「关注后代子孙」「保护弱势族群与团体」" "101","361","中级","环境公平正义","依照1991年有色人种环境高峰會,下列何者对於环境正义描述「错误」?","保障环境不正义的受害者收到完全的赔偿","?人类应互相尊重","反对生物存活之毒物","支持跨国企业的破坏性行为","4","美国第一届「全国有色人种环境领袖會议」在1991年十月草拟了一份环境正义基本信条:环境正义要求公共政策是基於所有人种的相互尊重与正义而制订,去除任何形式的歧视与偏见;要求停止生产所有的毒素、有害废弃物及辐射物质,而过去及目前的生产者必须负起全责来清理毒物以及防止其扩散;保障环境不正义的受害者收到完全的赔偿,伤害的修缮以及好的医疗服务." "101","362","中级","环境教育","《华盛顿公约》的目的为何?","促进资源永续利用","保护濒临绝种生物","防止气候变迁对生态系造成之冲击","防止全球暖化","2","《华盛顿公约》的目的,在於保护濒临绝种生物." "101","363","中级","环境影响评估","兴建台湾高铁案,下列何者「不是」用来判断是否适宜设厂的考虑要项?","经济效益及产业发展评估","沿线地主和厂方的游说","学者专家的评估","对生态环境品质的影响","2","政府决定兴建台湾高铁之前,是否适宜设厂需要考虑地区经济效益、聘请专家学者评估及对生态环境的影响等要项." "101","364","中级","环境卫生","下列哪一种重金属主要是由人体肾脏所代谢,以致身体的钙严重流失?","砷","铅","镉","汞","3","镉主要排泄是透过肾脏,肾脏细胞有毒,??使身体中之钙?失,因而造成严重之骨质疏鬆." "101","365","中级","环境卫生","下列何者「不是」蚊类所传染的疾病?","屈公病","黄热病","日本脑炎","猩红热","4","猩红热是由A群链球菌感染所引起的传染病.任何人都有得病的机會,主要是好发於10岁以下的儿童." "101","366","中级","环境检验","基於避免事务机臭氧的释放,建议事务机应放置於距离人们至少多少公尺範围以外?","30公尺","50公尺","80公尺","1公尺","4","臭氧的8小时平均容许暴露值(PEL)为0.1ppm,在一般办公室工作环境下,臭氧浓度并不會超过该容许暴露值.但为了维护健康,建议意影印室的通风,并建议将事务机应放置於距人们至少1公尺远处." "101","367","中级","环境检验","邻近地面空气污染物中的臭氧,其对环境生态或人体健康可能的危害,「不包括」下列哪一项?","臭氧具强氧化力,对呼吸系统具刺激性","臭氧能引起咳嗽、气喘、头痛、疲倦及肺部之伤害","臭氧对於植物等农作物地生长有不良影响","臭氧可吸收全部紫外线","4","臭氧(O3?)系一种光化学反应的产物,具强氧化力,对呼吸系统具刺激性,能引起咳嗽、气喘、头痛、疲倦及肺部之伤害,特别是对小孩、老人、病人或户外运动者有较大影响." "101","368","中级","空气品质监测","根據台湾地区目前空气污染法规,下列哪一项「不属於」法定的恶臭物质?","甲基胺类","甲烷","硫化氢","氨气","2","台湾地区法定的恶臭物包括:氨气、硫化氢、硫化甲基、硫醇类、甲基胺类等污染物." "101","369","中级","水污染","当河川污染指标值等於5.0时,代表该河川属哪一种污染程度?","未受污染","轻度污染","中度污染","严重污染","3","河川污染指数(RPI)小於2.0时称作未(稍)受污染、2.0~3.0时为轻度污染、3.1~6.0时为中度污染、6.0以上为严重污染." "101","370","中级","空气品质监测","PM2.5危害人体健康的最主要原因是什麽?","PM2.5易随呼吸深入人体","PM2.5易被皮肤所吸收","PM2.5含有重金属","PM2.5易沉降累积","1","细悬浮微粒系指悬浮在空气中,气动粒径小於等於2.5微米的粒子(PM2.5),由於其粒径极小,易随呼吸进入人体,对人体健康造成影响." "101","371","中级","低碳永续家园","依據国际能源总署IEA/OECD於2012年10月出版的能源燃烧二氧化碳(CO2)排放量统计资料显示,台湾地区2010年能源燃烧,每人平均CO2年排放量多少?","8.66公吨","11.66公吨","15.66公吨","20.66公吨","2","依據国际能源总署IEA/OECD於2012年10月出版之能源燃烧二氧化碳(CO2)排放量统计资料显示,台湾2010年能源燃烧CO2排放总量为270.22百万公吨,占全球排放总量的0.89%,全球排名第20位;每人平均排放量为11.66公吨,全球排名第19位(亚洲排名第10位)." "101","372","中级","饮用水管理","饮用水中含有下列哪一项化学物质时,长期饮用可能會导致水俣病发生?","砷","铅","汞","银","3","有机汞对人体健康伤害极大,在日本曾造成水俣病." "101","373","中级","职业安全卫生","吸菸的习惯會加强下列哪一种物质的致癌性?","云母","石绵","石膏","水蒸气","2","长期吸入石绵纤维可导至呼吸功能降低及石绵沉著病(因肺内组织纤维化而令肺部结疤),多年积聚在人身体内的石绵纤维,更會在十年至四十年后引致肺癌及间皮瘤(Mesothelioma)(胸膜或腹膜癌),倘若长期受石绵暴露,加上有抽菸的习惯,则得肺癌的机率會有相乘的危机," "101","374","中级","职业安全卫生","下列何者「不是」燃烧的四要素?","燃料","热能","甲烷","氧气","3","燃烧反应的四要素包括:燃料(可燃物)、氧气(空气)、热能(温度)及连锁反应." "101","375","中级","清洁生产","下列何者「不包含」环境化设计的传统诉求?","自然资源永续发展","产品使用方便","人类健康及安全","环境保护","2","环境化设计(DesignforEnvironment,DFE)的概念起源於90年代初期,由少数的民营企业所发起,试图将环保意识建立在产品开发过程中[环境化设计有许多类似的词汇如:生态设计(Eco-design)、生命周期设计(Lifecycledesign)及生态效益设计(designforEco-efficiency)." "101","376","中级","清洁生产","在清洁生产指标的气候变化指标之中,污染物排放量會转换为下列何种物质的当量,以评估气候变化的影响?","二氧化碳","一氧化碳","二氧化硫","硫化氢","1","气候变化指标将污染物排放量,所选择的标准物质包括二氧化碳、甲烷、以一氧化二氮等排放量以及氟氯经化合物、海龙等使用量,均将其转化为二氧化碳当量,以评估对於气候变化的影响." "101","377","中级","清洁生产","下列何者「不是」达成清洁生产的主要方法?","办公室清洁","避免(降低)废弃物产生","有效率使用能源(资源)","追求低成本高效益","1","促进企业工作环境是属於CSR範疇,与清洁生产无关." "101","378","中级","海洋污染","下列哪一项是造成墨西哥湾海洋死区(deadzone)的主因?","全球暖化造成","渔民大量捕捞鱼群","藻类过度繁殖造成","海底火山爆发","3","海洋死区是指因海水严重富营养化而造成的鱼类等生物无法生存的区域,墨西哥湾死区的形成是密西西比河流域大量农用肥料排入墨西哥湾所致." "101","379","中级","人口健康","下列有关登革热的叙述何者「错误」?","主要是经由蚊子叮吮而感染","应在住屋加装纱窗、纱门","家中积水容器可不用清理","會有发烧的症状","3","登革热主要因人被带有登革热病毒的病媒蚊叮咬而感染,如:埃及斑蚊、白线斑蚊,且會有发烧、头痛、关节痛琫症状产生,另外,积水处易孳生蚊子,所以要定时清理." "101","380","中级","人口健康","后天免疫缺乏症候群,又称为什麽?","艾滋病","红斑狼疮","带状性疱疹","三尖瓣闭锁","1","后天免疫缺乏症候群(AIDS)又称为艾滋病,主要三大传播途径:性行为传染、血液传染(共用针头)、母子垂直传染." "101","381","中级","空气品质监测","下列何者「不是」空气品质监测站址之选定原则?","测站种类","经济条件","人口分布","都市计画","2","空气品质监测站址选定原则包括:测站种类、污染源分布、类型及污染物浓度分布、地形、地势及气象条件、人口分布及交通状况、都市计画、区域计画或其他土地利用计画等." "101","382","中级","人口健康","糖尿病患者的饮食习惯何者正确?","高糖","低糖","低纤维","高脂肪","2","糖尿病个案饮食应为少糖、高纤维、低脂肪" "101","383","中级","温室气体减量","何者是温室效应恶化可能造成的问题?","二氧化碳灭火器被禁用","牧场的牛只排放甲烷","气候持续不稳定","温室气体浓度提高","3","大气中温室气体增加过多(如二氧化碳、甲烷等),阻隔辐射热之热量反射,致使地球温度上升,造成温室效应.温室效应导致冰山融化、海平面上升、气后改变,也使得传染病发生机率增加.其他选项为温室效应恶化的原因,而非其造成的问题,因此不是正确的答案." "101","384","中级","水质监测","下列何者是废污水处理的主要目的?","防止流行性感冒的传播","防止空气受污染","防止臭氧层破洞","防止土壤受污染","4","废污水处理的主要目的包括:防止土壤受污染、防止水受污染、防止水生动、植物受污染." "101","385","中级","原住民","因地势独立而保留完整文化特色的达悟族位於哪一个行政区域?","台东县","连江县","金门县","宜兰县","1","达悟族在行政区分上隶属於台东县兰屿乡,总人口数约三千多人." "101","386","中级","原住民","以下何者「不是」《原住民族基本法》中关於原住民族地区天然灾害防救的规定?","政府应建立天然灾害防护","政府应建立原住民族地区天然灾害善后制度","政府应划设天然灾害防护优先区","政府无需预先划设灾后重建之区域","4","依據《原住民基本法》第二十五条规定政府应建立原住民族地区天然灾害防护及善后制度,并划设天然灾害防护优先区,保障原住民族生命财产安全." "101","387","中级","空气品质监测","台湾的沙尘暴主要是透过中国大陆在东北季风下夹带输送,以下何者对於沙尘暴的叙述是正确的?","悬浮微粒浓度由北向南递减","悬浮微粒浓度由北向南递增","常发生於夏季高温","影响範围只在中部以北地区","1","随著带有沙尘之高气压冷气团南下,台湾中南部测站也逐渐出现悬浮微粒浓度上升之现象,而其浓度上升幅度则是由北向南递减,影响範围甚至可达东部花莲、台东及南部之恒春地区." "101","388","中级","人口健康","下列哪一项是常见的环境荷尔蒙?","硼酸","氯化钠","硫酸","DDT","4","环境荷尔蒙之种类繁多,包括杀虫剂(如DDT)、工业用化合物(如PCB与烷基酚类)、塑化剂及燃烧或化学品制程之附产物(戴奥辛物质)等." "101","389","中级","低碳永续家园","下列何者是政府鼓励民众购买在地食物的主因?","稳定农产品价格","避免外来食物入侵","减少运输所制造的碳排放","锁国政策","3","政府希望透过国民购买「在地」的食物,减少远距离跨国、跨洲际的运输,减少运输所制造的碳排放." "101","390","中级","人口健康","同样剂量或浓度的环境荷尔蒙对下列哪一个年龄层的影响最大?","婴幼儿","青少年","青壮年","老年人","1","婴幼儿在不同发育过程中,还有许多生理功能尚未成熟,因此对接触到的环境污染物更是敏感." "101","391","中级","人口健康","下列哪一项是环境荷尔蒙的特性?","工业环境中才會出现","需要一段时间才會显现它的影响","对所有人均产生一样的影响","唯一靠接触途径才會受影响","2","环境荷尔蒙會产生类似荷尔蒙的影响或是破坏干扰原有内分泌系统的平衡及功能,进而对生物成长、发育与生殖等产生不良影响.而环境荷尔蒙产生的毒性或伤害,常常需要一段时间才會显现它的影响." "101","392","中级","原住民","原住民传统中的许多禁忌,以下叙述何者正确?","设立神圣的祖灵地,并禁止狩猎","遵循部落中不可进入禁忌地的传统","禁猎族内的图腾动物","以上皆是","4","原住民各族基於不同的理由,发展出了各种狩猎的禁忌,主要包括性别、季节性、图腾、祖灵地/圣地等禁忌.最后,祖灵地/圣地的禁忌也往往自然形成了各族群的「生态保护区」." "101","393","中级","原住民","为了捕捉飞鱼,花费相当长的时间到山中砍伐巨木、切割成船板,再加以组合,是下列哪一个族的传统?","达悟族","阿美族","卑南族","赛夏族","1","雅美(达悟)人为了捕捉飞鱼,不但建造了可乘坐8人或10人的大船,更组织以父系亲属为主的海上共作团体,称为「渔团组织」." "101","394","中级","原住民","泰雅族为了储存收割的小米所盖的谷仓使用哪些防护措施?","高脚屋,阻绝湿气","栏杆式建筑防止湿气","连接地面的柱子设置防鼠板防止鼠类入侵","以上皆是","4","房屋依據其用途,可分为家屋、谷仓、會所、工作房等.房屋构造是适应天然环境的结果,例如泰雅族的谷仓采干栏式建筑,防止湿气,连接地面的柱子设有圆盘状的防鼠板,防止鼠类爬进谷仓." "101","395","中级","原住民","布农族传统住屋窗户稀少的原因何者「不正确」?","防止毒蛇猛兽的攻击","天气严寒,保持室内温度","发生战争时不易被敌人击破","四周常有难以预料的灾难发生","2","但大多数的房子皆以石板为主要材料,而布农族的传统住屋所以设计的窗户较稀少,是因为封闭式的建筑不但可以防止毒蛇猛兽的侵入,发生战山也不容易被敌人攻破." "101","396","中级","职业安全卫生","下?何者「?是」游??射「剂?」的单位?","西弗(Sv)","格?(Gy)","贝克(Bq)","仑琴(r)","3","贝克(Bq)为游??射「活性」单位." "101","397","中级","职业安全卫生","何谓轻伤事故?","人员在受伤后24小时内无法回到岗位继续","人员在受伤后24小时之内可以继续恢?工作","人员在受伤后12小时内无法回到岗位继续工作","人员在受伤后12小时之内可以继续恢?工作","2","人员在受伤后24小时之内可以继续恢?工作,称为轻伤事故." "101","398","中级","职业安全卫生","下列有关冷却灭火法之描述何者正确?","将燃烧物由火源中移除,减低燃烧面积之灭火方法","利用灭火药剂之冷却效果,以降低燃烧温度","利用化学药剂於火焰中产生卤素(或硷金属)离子","将不燃性气体朝可燃物倾注,阻绝可燃物与氧气接触","2","灭火方法可归纳出下列四种(1)窒息法、(2)冷却法、(3)除去灭火法,(4)抑制法.冷却灭火法是利用灭火药剂之冷却效果,以降低燃烧温度,达到灭火效果,通常以水为最经济实用之灭火药剂." "101","399","中级","职业安全卫生","在医院工作因为中央空调系统没有定期消毒保养而引起医护人员得到退伍军人症,是属於哪种类型的危害?","物理性危害","化学性危害","生物性危害","心理性危害","3","退伍军人症是退伍军人杆菌所引起,是属於生物性危害." "101","400","中级","职业安全卫生","经吸收进入人体内之铅,大部分會沉积在人体的哪一器官?","肝","肾","脑","骨","4","经吸收进入人体内之铅,大部分會沉积在人体骨中." "101","401","中级","职业安全卫生","在劳动时因体内平均体温过高,导致调节体温机能丧失而无法适当的维持热平衡.此为何种热危害症状?","热中暑","热痉挛","热衰竭","心脏衰竭","1","在劳动时因体内平均体温过高,导致调节体温机能丧失而无法适当的维持热平衡.此种热危害症状为热中暑." "101","402","中级","职业安全卫生","下列何者「不是」国内公告法定职业病?","乳胶引起病症","过劳死","铟引起病症","贫血","4","乳胶引起病症、过劳死、铟引起病症均是国内公告法定职业病." "101","403","中级","职业安全卫生","下列何者「不属於」职业性男性生殖系统疾病之病因?","铅暴露","X-射线暴露","锰暴露","卤族杀虫剂暴露","3","锰暴露并非属职业性男性生殖系统疾病之病因." "101","404","中级","职业安全卫生","工作之中长期反覆手部之操作,常引起腕隧道症候群,其主要病因为何?","振动引起的周围血管伤害","手臂屈肌发炎","正中神经受到压迫","肌腱之反覆拉伤","3","工作之中长期反覆手部之操作,常引起腕隧道症候群,其主要病因为正中神经受到压迫." "101","405","中级","职业安全卫生","依劳工安全卫生法令规定,事业单位工作场所发生劳工死亡职业灾害时,雇主应於多少时间内报告劳动检查机构?","八小时","十二小时","二十四小时","四十八小时","3","依《劳工安全卫生法》规定,事业单位工作场所发生下列职业灾害之一时,雇主应於24小时内报告检查机构." "101","406","中级","人口健康","少子化會对台湾社會带来甚麽冲击?","劳动力旺盛","创造更多的经济效益","社會人口结构趋向年轻化","学校面临招生困难","4","台湾出生率呈下降趋势.少子化现象日趋严重,人口结构越来越少,反之,老人是越来越多,少子化所带来的冲击影响範围是全面性的,首当其冲的是学校面临招生困难的处境;其次人口负成长,进而早成劳动力不足,经济效益变差;再者社會人口结构老化,造成年轻人扶养负担过重等社會问题." "101","407","中级","低碳永续家园","在家中正常使用状况下,开啓一小时耗电量最多(均以一台计)为下列何者?","电脑","电冰箱","冷气机","电视机","3","平均而言每小时耗电量:电脑+17寸萤幕(约为370W)、320公升电冰箱(约为130W)、1吨冷气(约为900W)、28寸彩色电视(约为140W)" "101","408","中级","低碳永续家园","所谓时间电价,下列何者正确?","不区分基本电价和流动电价","不分假日与非假日","区分日间或夜间","基本电价相同","3","时间电价考虑到日夜与假日不同时间负载及用电不同导致供电成本之差异因素,故采用基本电费与流动电费分不同时段之设计,以促进电力效率之提升,其中基本电费系依用户申请之契约容量计收." "101","409","中级","空污","洗澡时瓦斯中毒,其实是指吸入哪种过量的气体?","二氧化碳","氧气","一氧化碳","二氧化硫","3","瓦斯燃烧所需的空气量,约为其体积的25至31倍.在氧气充足的环境,會完全燃烧变成无危害的二氧化碳(CO2).但是在氧气不足时,燃烧便會不完全,产生一氧化碳(CO)." "101","410","中级","空污","下列哪一种活动會使大气的二氧化硫大量增加?","火力发电","饲养猪只","燃烧杂草","种植农作物","1","空气中的二氧化硫大部分来自於以石油或煤炭为燃料的火力发电厂,一般石油和煤炭中,都含有少量的硫,当这些燃料燃烧时,其中的硫便与空气中的氧起化学反应,产生二氧化硫." "101","411","中级","空污","下列何者「不属於」臭味逸散源?","垃圾场","屠宰场","石化厂","营建工地","4","臭味性逸散源包括养猪场、养鸡场、垃圾场、堆肥场、污水场、石化厂、制革场、屠宰场等." "101","412","中级","空污","空气污染防制区可分三级,下列何者是属於一级防制区划定之区域?","国家公园","科技园区","焚化炉","商业区","1","依《空气污染防制法》第五条第一项?一级防制区,指国家公园及自然保护(育)区等依法划定之区域.?" "101","413","中级","空污","下列何种方法最有效控制物?装卸活动中所引起的粉尘?散?","启动强力风扇","放慢装卸动作","启动洒水系统","增加清除粉尘人员","3","装卸过程中可以采全部或部分封闭,并?用抽气经?袋集尘机楚哩,亦可以喷洒水或化学药剂." "101","414","中级","空污","所谓的健康家俱,是指下列何种物质含量较低?","乙醚","铁氟龙","塑胶","甲醛","4","一般我们所使用的家俱在加工制程中會使用利用含有甲醛(俗称福马林)的树脂将三块木板黏合成具有一定厚度的三合板,长期吸入,对人体會有不良影响.而所谓的「健康家俱」,大都指甲醛含量低的板材家俱." "101","415","中级","空污","酸雨对农作物影响的主要原因为何?","直接腐蚀植物叶子,使其无法行光合作用","酸雨溶解土壤中金属元素,造成矿物质大量流失","直接把植物打倒,因无法站立而死亡","植物长期被淹在水中,无法进行呼吸作用","2","酸雨會影响农作物稻子的叶子,同时土壤中的金属元素因被酸雨溶解,造成矿物质大量流失,植物无法获得充足的养分,将枯萎、死亡." "101","416","中级","空污","对於植物与空气品质之关系,下列叙述何者正确?","不同污染特性区,可考量选择适合之树种","各树种对污染之净化能力相同","树木具有观赏功能,无净化空气功能","有污染之区域对植物生长不利,不应栽种树木","1","栽植适当树种提升工业区空气品质,未来於工业区进行绿化植栽以及新开发行为时,建议於隔离绿带以及绿化植栽可选择适合的树种:如适合石化工业区的树种有台湾榉、黄连木、水黄皮、小叶榄仁、柠檬桉、小叶南洋杉、茄冬、柽柳、白水木及榕树等." "101","417","中级","非游离辐射及物理公害","下列何项电器其电磁场值为最高者(距离3公分)?","微波炉","吸尘器","电视","冰箱","2","台湾电力公司针对国内家庭使用之家电产品(包含国产品及欧、日、美等进口产品)经测量后,发现与英国国家辐射保护局(NRPB)公布之家电用品磁场资料相近.NRPB资料汇整如下,微波炉:750~2000亳高斯;吸尘器:2000~8000亳高斯;电视:25~500亳高斯;冰箱:5~17亳高斯;刮胡刀:150~15000亳高斯." "101","418","中级","文化保存","国家公园是依據下列哪一项法规划设的?","森林法","野生动物保育法","文化资产保存法","国家公园法","4","台湾的国家公园是依據《国家公园法》划设." "101","419","中级","文化保存","「锄头、犁、碌碡、秧盆」这四种物品的共同性为何?","用以传统农业","用以采矿","用以秤重","用以保存食物","1","早期家乡的居民,使用各种机器从事耕作,常见的传统农具有锄头、犁、碌碡、秧盆、鐮刀、机器桶、风鼓等.由於农具种类繁多,所以传统的三合院,常附设农具间.传统的农具大多依赖人力或牛只来操作,工作效率较低.所以在农忙的时候,农民會互相帮助.随著生产技术的进步,农业机械化取代早期的农具." "101","420","中级","文化保存","关於国姓乡北港溪上方的糯米桥之叙述,下列何者「错误」?","先民利用糯米、高粱混合黏土建造","利用糯米混合红糖、石灰等物资,作为黏筑石块的材料","当时由於水泥是一种缺乏而且昂贵的材料,而改用替代品建造","公告指定为台闽地区三级古蹟","1","糯米石拱桥位在北港溪上,因建筑桥梁当时,水泥是一种缺乏而且昂贵的材料,先民利用糯米混合红糖、石灰等物资,作为黏筑石块的材料,因此号称----糯米桥.糯米桥宽约五米,高约二十米,长五十三米,桥基由三座椭圆桥柱支撑桥面,横跨北港溪两岸石壁,形成四孔之拱桥,雄伟典雅,造型极具艺术之美,为画家笔砚下之宠儿." "101","421","中级","文化保存","下列何者「不是」制作擂茶的工具?","擂钵","擂捧","擂棍","水壶","4","擂茶别名「三生汤」,擂茶是一种民间古老的饮食方式,「擂」字本身就有研磨、捣杵之意,所以磨制是处理食物原料的根本方法;其次,擂茶被认为具有保健去病的效果,这可能与擂茶的材料不仅营养价值高,经磨制后又有助吸收有关.擂茶的工具为擂钵、擂捧、汤匙." "101","422","中级","温室气体减量","下列何者为《京都议定书》之缔约国但未签署该条约?","中国","日本","美国","法国","3","美国作为《京都协议书》的参与国之一,既不签署该条约也不从条约退出." "101","423","中级","温室气体减量","关於绿色采购的叙述,下列何者「错误」?","采购回收材料制造之物品","采购的产品对环境及人类健康有最小的伤害性","选购产品对环境伤害较少、污染程度较低者","以精美包装为主要首选","4","与绿色消费对应的即是「绿色采购」,绿色采购的重点可条列出以下几点:(1)采购回收材料制造之物品,优先考量环境面之采购行为.(2)采购的产品对环境及人类健康有最小的伤害性.(3)选购产品或其原料之制造、使用过程及废弃物处理,对环境伤害较少、污染程度较低者." "101","424","中级","温室气体减量","下列何者「不是」我国永续能源政策纲领之政策原则「二高二低」?","低排放","低依赖","高效?","高经济","4","永续能源政策的基本原则将建构「高效?」、「高价值」、「低排放」及「低依赖」." "101","425","中级","温室气体减量","一旦大气中的CO2含量增加,會引起哪一种后果?","臭氧层破洞","温室效应恶化","冰期来临","海平面下降","2","因人类使用化石燃料燃,产生CO2等气体,大量排放进入大气后,吸收地表之长波辐射,造成之人为温室效应使地表温度逐渐增加." "101","426","中级","化学品管理","环保署针对民国100年爆发的塑化剂事件,新增及调整公告之列管毒性化学物质包括邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂、甲醯胺及安杀番等,以上物质具有下列何种特性?","易分解","生态毒性","生物稀释","以上皆是","2","环保署针对民国100年爆发的塑化剂事件,新增及调整公告之列管毒性化学物质包括邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂、甲醯胺及安杀番等,此类物质具有不易分解、生物浓缩、生态毒性及致癌等特性." "101","427","中级","化学品管理","我国已於99年4月6日完成订定「环境荷尔蒙管理计画」,确立各部會分工监测、管理市面上相关商品及产品,下列何者是卫生署主要的管理範围?","农药","食品容器","玩具","酒类","2","根據「环境荷尔蒙管理计画」规範,各部會管理分工如下:食品、食品容器、医疗器材由卫生署主管;农药、饲料、农产品由农委會主管;商品、玩具由经济部主管;环药、饮用水、室内空气品质由环保署主管;绿建材由内政部主管;酒类卫生标准由财政部主管." "101","428","中级","化学品管理","使用环境用药时眼睛不小心受到污染,应利用下列何者物质减轻污染程度?","用眼泪冲洗","重水","无菌生理食盐水","消毒药水","3","应立即使用?动的清水或无菌生?食盐水,冲洗眼睛由内角向外侧冲洗,并保持10~15公分高?,冲洗15分钟以上,如有?痛?即送医治?." "101","429","中级","化学品管理","於害虫防治时常用的昆虫生长调节剂,下列何者是其主要的生理作用机制?","阻碍发育","改变外型","降低智力","改变性别","1","昆虫生长调节剂(IGR)主要成分为昆虫贺尔蒙类似物(百利普芬),或是昆虫几丁质合成抑制剂(氟芬隆),主要杀虫机制为干扰昆虫进行变态,最终造成昆虫无法羽化." "101","430","中级","化学品管理","使用环境用药清洁环境时,下列何者是与消毒剂之效力成反比关系?","温度","处理时间","抗药性","接触面积","3","消毒剂之效?与表面张?及抗药性成反比关系,与温?、浓?及处?时间、湿?及接触面积则成正比关系." "101","431","中级","化学品管理","如公害事故发生,有废水持续流出去时,为了防止污染扩大,常用的方法有哪些?","将有害废液设法导入池塘中暂存","将污染废液排入下水道系统","采用强力吸收剂","以上皆是","3","针对事故所产生的废水,常用的防止扩散手段,包含(1)采用强力吸收剂(2)导入储槽或废液池中暂存(3)关闭围堤排水闸,防止槽区内污染废液排入下水道系统(4)以沙包或掘土方式筑成临时土堤(5)水泥墙用树脂等处理,防止渗漏(6)监控废液外泄痕迹." "101","432","中级","废弃物管理","下列何者是夜间收集垃圾的主要优点?","收集效率高","时薪较高","产生较少噪音","较没有安全上的问题","1","夜间收集垃圾的主要优点为收集效率高,因为交通量少,但可能會有安全性及噪音问题." "101","433","中级","废弃物管理","厨余回收分为「熟厨余」及「生厨余」两类,以下哪一项属於生厨余?","不要的果皮","烹煮过的叶菜","吃剩的卤肉饭","过期的罐头食品","1","熟厨余主要是烹调过的食品及营养成分较高的厨余,例如:剩菜、剩饭;生厨余指的是未经烹煮之叶菜类、果皮、茶叶渣等." "101","434","中级","废弃物管理","下列何者为废弃物焚化法之优点?","所需之土地面积较少","操作维持费低","设备成本低","不需去除爆炸性罐装物","1","优点包括:(1)所需之土地面积较少.(2)处理地点可选於市区内,减少大量之搬运费.(3)残渣灰分变成无害,有机物少,适於填地.(4)可处理各种不同之垃圾,环境卫生及二次公害可有效控制.(5)气候影响较少.(6)操作有弹性,处理量可作有限度之增加或减少.(7)可迅速处理大量垃圾,害虫及细菌均可烧死." "101","435","中级","人口健康","下列哪一个「不是」吸菸对身体的影响?","肺癌","肺气肿","心脏病","登革热","4","登革热藉由蚊子传布登革热病毒." "101","436","中级","人口健康","以下列哪一种方式处理饮用水可达到最好的杀菌效果?","煮沸","放置阳光下曝晒","静置沈淀","曝气","1","煮沸是利用高温进行饮用水杀菌,相对於其他做法杀菌效果较好." "101","437","中级","人口健康","台湾民国70年后,近30年来食品中毒的主要原因是甚麽?","化学物质","塑化剂","细菌","天然毒","3","民国70年至98年台湾食品中毒的主要原因是细菌引起." "101","438","中级","人口健康","喝酒的酒精主要透过人体哪一个器官代谢?","脑","肝","骨骼","皮肤","2","酒精大部分在肝进行代谢." "101","439","中级","人口健康","关於饮酒,下列何者较「不正确」?","饮酒是成熟的表现,愈早喝酒表示愈早成熟","无节制喝酒有害健康","酗酒影响工作","酗酒影响人际关系","1","孩童和青少年无论任何状况皆不可喝酒." "101","440","中级","饮用水管理","用自来水养鱼,为什麽容易造成鱼儿死亡?","自来水中没有氧气","自来水中没有养分","自来水中含有余氯","自来水中含有臭氧","3","自来水中含有余氯,某些鱼对余氯非常敏感,用户可将自来水装入其他无盖之容器中静置数小时,使水中余氯消失后再换入水族箱中.另外也可以采用活性碳过滤,或添加适量的硫代硫酸钠(俗称水波),可於短时间内去除自来水中余氯." "101","441","中级","饮用水管理","《饮用水管理条例》所称饮用水之种类如何?","自来水","社区自设公共给水设备供应之水","经连续供水固定设备处理后供应之水","以上皆是","4","本条例所称饮用水,指供人饮用之水;其种类如下:(1)自来水:指依自来水法以水管及其他设施导引供应合於卫生之公给水.(2)社区自设公共给水设备供应之水.(3)经连续供水固定设备处理后供应之水.(4)其他经中央主管机关指定之水." "101","442","中级","饮用水管理","饮用水中含过量硝酸盐氮會对人体造成影响,下列何者正确?","补充身体养分,帮助成长","与红血球结合提高血液携氧效率","提高新陈代谢能力","降低红血素携氧效率,导致缺氧","4","硝酸盐氮於人体中转变为亚硝酸盐氮,其与红血素结合将导致携氧效率下降,对婴儿有致命性." "101","443","中级","饮用水管理","关於入住新屋时需让水放流一阵子的原因,下列何者正确?","冲洗管中变质水源","确保水流速的稳定","入厝习俗","以上皆是","1","新屋及老旧未常用水房屋需开水使管线中杂质及变质水排出,方可正常使用." "101","444","中级","饮用水管理","豪雨台风过后,下列何者「不是」饮用水的正确观念?","浊度偏高","期间最好使用储备水","净水厂将添加更多余氯","大雨稀释饮水将更为安全","4","大雨将使水质更为脏污,使净水厂添加更多余氯来配送水源." "101","445","中级","化学品管理","下列哪种物质可能於电子发票、提款机提款明细表等感热纸上被检出?","双酚A","壬基酚","DDT","五氯酚","1","双酚A(BisphenolA,简称BPA)是一种聚碳酸酯,因质地硬、耐热、耐撞,被广泛使用於各种塑胶制品中,靠热感应的传真纸、标签、票券等." "101","446","中级","公害纠纷","根據《公害纠纷处理法》,下列何者被认定为「公害」?","噪音","地盘下陷","空气污染","以上皆是","4","公害的範围包括水污染、空气污染、土壤污染、噪音、振动、恶臭、废弃物、毒性物质污染、地盘下陷、辐射公害及其他经中央主管机关指定公告为公害者." "101","447","中级","环境影响评估","公司将大量固体废弃物放置於海岸边时,应对环境做出下列何种「主要」监测计画?","河川水质及地下水水质监测","空气品质监测","是否产生臭味","是否产生毒气","1","公司将大量固体废弃物放置於海岸边时,应对环境中之河川水质及地下水水质进行监测计画调查." "101","448","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","依我国对极低频电磁场的曝露规定,一般民众与职业人员之管制准则值,下列何者正确?","一般民众之管制值大於职业人员之管制值","一般民众之管制值小於职业人员之管制值","二者管制值相同","一般民众有管制限值,职业人员没有管制限值","2","环保署民国90年公布对极低频电磁场的曝露规範,是参考ICNIRP於1998年公布的国际准则:一般环境所订定的极低频磁场管制准则为83.3μT(微特士拉),而职场的准则则为416.7μT." "101","449","中高级","低碳永续家园","我国发电量由再生能源提供之比例为何?","0.026","0.3945","0.480000305175781","0.800000610351563","1","依台电公司公布民国100年发电量由高至低如下:燃煤40.3%、燃气29.3%、核能19.0%、汽电共生4.3%、燃油3.2%、再生能源2.6%、抽蓄1.5%." "101","450","中高级","空污","以民国100年为参考,我国各类能源发电量,其百分比最高的是下列何者?","核能","再生能源","燃煤","燃油","3","依台电公司公布民国100年发电量由高至低如下:燃煤40.3%、燃气29.3%、核能19.0%、汽电共生4.3%、燃油3.2%、再生能源2.6%." "101","451","中高级","人口健康","下列哪一种物质「不會」产生生物放大作用?","铅","碳","砷","汞","2","重金属铅、汞、镉等原本就对人和生物有害,但通过食物链的放大作用,对人和生物的危害就更大了." "101","452","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤是由固相、液相及气相物质所构成的多项组合.固相成分「不包括」下列何者?","无机成分","有机物质","腐植质","水分溶液","4","土壤是由固相、液相及气相物质所构成的多项组合.固相成分包括无机成分:氧化物、矽酸盐等,以及有机物质,腐植质、微生物等.液相成分是指土壤中的水分溶液,气相成分系指土壤孔隙率扣除液相成分的气体." "101","453","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","加油站不慎造成场区内土壤污染,可作何种应变措施?","立即停止营业","立即将污染土壤运至他处","立即调查污染原因及污染範围","立即通报当地消防局","3","加油站不慎造成场区内土壤污染,可作许多应变措施包括立即调查污染原因及污染範围,并且提出污染整控制计画." "101","454","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","关於超抽地下水造成的灾害,下列何者为「错误」?","地层下陷及国土流失","海水入侵","土壤盐化","地下水位上升","4","缺水时超抽地下水将导致地层下陷、地下水位下降、土壤盐化、海水入侵、以及国土流失等环境灾害." "101","455","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤及地下水污染物「管制标准」浓度订定之主要考量为何?","明显影响灌溉水水质","影响人体的健康风险","影响养殖业抽取地下水养鱼","影响自来水公司抽地下水饮用","2","'土壤及地下水污染物""管制标准""浓度订定之主要考量为确保环境品质及人体健康安全下之浓度." "101","456","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者是台湾农田土壤「最常出现」的污染?","柴油污染","盐类污染","重金属污染","汽油污染","3","土壤污染之来源与途径,包括空气废弃物污染、化石燃料的燃烧、农业用肥料及杀虫剂的使用、有机废弃物、都市和工业废水的不当排放、冶金工业造成许多途径之重金属污染等,而农田污染主要为重金属污染." "101","457","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者重金属污染对人体健康影响最深?","铜与锌","铬与镍","镉与汞","铅与锌","3","重金属污染影响人体健康最深者为镉、汞、铅、砷等四元素." "101","458","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","农田土壤被污染后會导致许多不良影响,下列哪一项叙述「错误」?","农作物产量降低","不會影响地下水饮用安全性","土壤生物种类与分布會受影响","影响农产品食用安全性","2","土壤被污染會导致土壤品质恶化、农作物产量會降低,土壤中生物會受到影响,甚至影响到地下水源的品质,而威胁到饮用水的安全." "101","459","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤中红色、黄色及灰色斑点的来源,是由於不同形态及浓度的何种物质组成?","氮磷物质","铁铝物质","碳氮","纳钾物质","2","土壤中红色、黄色主要为铁铝物质在不同氧化或还原状况产生的." "101","460","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者是土壤污染物转变的途径?","淋洗移动","生物分解","化学分解","以上皆是","4","污染物再其土壤中转变的途径有八种:(1)被植物吸收代谢(2)光分解(3)挥发至大气(4)迳流损失(5)土壤吸著(6)淋洗移动(7)生物分解(8)化学分解" "101","461","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","为有效应用有限的水资源,近年来政府有「水田转作」之议.若目前的水田用水被转移他用,可能會对环境生态带来的影响为下列何者?","地下水补注量减少","加速福寿螺的蔓延","地下水使用量增加","土壤可变得更肥沃","1","水田除粮食生产功能外,尚具有涵养地下水源及安定河川流况、调蓄暴雨洪水减低下游排水尖峰流量、净化水质、调节微气候、防止土壤冲蚀、洗盐及提供水鸟庇护、繁殖、觅食场所等生态功能,也具有提供农村良好居住环境及美丽景观等生活功能.." "101","462","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者「不是」影响土壤颜色的因子?","土壤水分","土壤母质","有机残体","土壤密度","4","影响土壤颜色因子包含土壤水分、土壤母质、有机残体、金属的氧化还原作用." "101","463","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤液化易发生於下列何种天然灾害?","地震","台风","火山爆发","海啸","1","「土壤液化」是一种地盘破坏模式的通称.它描述在强震作用时,位於地下水位底下的疏鬆饱和砂土、沉泥质砂或砾石,土体孔隙中的水压力,由於来不及消散而累积上升,造成土体强度大幅降低,导致地盘的大量变形." "101","464","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","依據地下水水质监测井设置规範,针对封层与回填,下列何者是其?料材质?","石英细砂","水泥","黏土","岩土","1","?料顶部再输入至少20公分厚之石英细砂(0.1-0.2公厘)." "101","465","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者「不是」土壤之重要物理性质?","土壤质地","土壤通气","土壤排水","土壤盐分","4","土壤之物理性质主药包括土壤质地、土壤构造、土壤通气及土壤排水等,物理性质之不同會明显影响水及污染物在土壤中之停留与移动." "101","466","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","地下水的水质特性,下列何者为「错误」?","温差较小","流速较慢","具冬暖夏凉特性","含盐量较地面水低","4","地下水的水质具有下列特性:地下水流流速慢、含盐量较高、密度较高、温差较小且具有冬暖夏凉的特性." "101","467","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","加油站污染地下水时,何者为常见的污染物质?","四氯化碳","苯","铜","以上皆是","2","甲苯、二甲苯及乙苯为汽油中的主要成分,亦为加油站逸散的主要挥发性有机化合物,此三种化合物对人体健康都有不良影响,外泄可能造成地下水污染." "101","468","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤粒径小於多少毫米才可称为土壤?","4毫米","2毫米","7毫米","8毫米","2","依照美国农业部(USDA)的分类标准,岩石经风化所形成的小颗粒,粒径小於等於2毫米以下才可称为土壤,大於此的颗粒则不被认为具有土壤的特性." "101","469","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","我国地下水污染案件应用於何项法?做事后污染改善?","水污染防治法","空气污染防治法","废弃物清?法","土壤及地下水污染整治法","4","我国《土壤及地下水污染整治法》是为了预防及整治土壤及地下水污染所立法,以确保土地及地下水资源永续利用." "101","470","中高级","公害纠纷","当公害纠纷发生时,纠纷当事人可以透过以下何种管道处理纠纷事宜?","向直轄巿、县(巿)政府环保局陈情","向乡镇市调解委员會申请调解","向直轄巿、县(巿)调处委员會申请调处","以上皆是","4","当公害纠纷发生时,纠纷当事人除了可私下达成和解外,亦可先透过当地乡镇市调解委员會进行调解,如纠纷当事人仍无法达成共识,亦可向所在地环保局陈情,或循《公害纠纷处理法》申请调处或裁决事宜." "101","471","中高级","公害纠纷","当水污染公害发生时,受害当事人第一时间应采取什麽举动?","清理现场","维持现场","自行采样","寻找可疑污染源的排放","2","当水污染公害发生时,受害当事人应尽量避免第一时间清理现场环境以维持现场状况.若环保人员能采集具有受害徵状的样本或真实记录事件现场,可使监定结果更具准确性.当环保人员发现事件现场已有清理过的痕迹时,应先询问受害当事人事发状况,包括受害体的处理方式以及储存地点,以便环保人员采集受害体送验,并尽量将对话记录保留下来." "101","472","中高级","公害纠纷","在一般公害事件中,异味性公害为什麽较难防制?","污染源来源单一","异味属於自然产生,较难察觉","异味逸散较难化验、采证","只发生於人烟稀少的地方","3","异味性公害来源可能包括水污染、空气污染、土壤污染等,异味逸散在科学上是属於较难化验、采证的.异味的发生源依区域性不同而异,在大都市常见异味发生源有下水道及下水道处理厂等.在市郊及乡下,异味的发生源为畜牧场、堆肥场等.工业区的异味发生源很多,可能发生异味的工业包括食品制造业、化学肥料工厂等化学工业工厂." "101","473","中高级","公害纠纷","历年来公害纠纷调处不成立的主要原因为何?","调处委员为纠纷当事人","当事人一方连续二次不到场","调处委员會委员成分遭受质疑","以上皆是","2","依照环保署历年公害纠纷处理结果,多数公害纠纷调处不成立主要原因有两点:(1)无法达成共识,无意愿继续调处.;(2)当事人一方连续二次不到场或以书面或於會议明确表示拒绝调处." "101","474","中高级","公害纠纷","民国97年大寮空污事件发生后,环保署以何种方式成立专案小组进行协调,达到调查作业之公信?","相关单位推荐人员并经由民众同意","相关单位各自指派人员参与","相关单位各自推荐专家参与","民众自行推派人员参与","3","环保署为协助地方追查污染源,首创透过争议各方(大寮乡公所、高雄县政府、经济部工业局、本署及大发工业区厂商联谊會)推荐专家学者组成之专案小组,以科学、客观之角度及超然立场,进行此次空污事件调查." "101","475","中高级","公害纠纷","环保署环境守护隊成员经常性工作为何?","组成专业服务团,辅导特定对象","执行环境影响评估","发现环境污染事件立即蒐证通报","负责蒐集民众的环保素养资料","3","环保署环境守护隊成员之工作分为两大部分,一为经常性工作主要针对环境污染事件进行通报蒐证;另一方面为特殊、专业性工作,主要协助民意蒐集及提供特殊辅导需求." "101","476","中高级","公害纠纷","当公害纠纷经调处成立后,应於成立日起几天内将调处书送请管轄法院审核?","7日","10日","14日","1个月","1","公害纠纷调处成立后应制作调处书,并於调处成立之日起七日内,将调处书送请管轄法院审核.若法院认为调处书与法令无抵触,应尽速核定,发还调处委员會送达当事人." "101","477","中高级","公害纠纷","当公害纠纷经调处成立并经法院核定后,如果有调处无效或可以撤销之原因时,当事人应在几日内向原核定法院提出诉讼?","调处书送达后30日","调处书送达后60日","法院核定后30日","法院核定后60日","1","公害纠纷经法院核定之调处,如果当事人有调处无效或可以撤销之原因,当事人可以向原核定法院提起宣告调处无效或撤销调处之诉讼.而本诉讼应於法院核定之调处书送达后三十日内提起." "101","478","中高级","公害纠纷","公害纠纷发生后,如经调处委员會调处不成立时,当事人该如何针对损害赔偿部分申请裁决?","向调处委员會提出申请书","向裁决委员會提出申请书","向县市环保局提出申请书","向环保署提出申请书","1","公害纠纷调处事件经直轄巿、县(巿)调处委员會调处不成立时,当事人可以就同一事件损害赔偿部分,於调处不成立之通知送达十四日内,向原直轄巿、县(巿)调处委员會提出申请书." "101","479","中高级","公害纠纷","发生重大环境事件时,可透过三會署机制采取应变措施,以下何者「不是」三會署法定单位?","警政署","环保署","卫生署","农委會","1","依环保署因应重大环境事件内部分工应变及处理机制规範,发生重大环境事件时,可透过行政院卫生署、行政院农业委员會及环保署(简称三會署)机制通报并采取应变措施." "101","480","中高级","公害纠纷","环保署针对公害事件有发展新的遥测科技,以强化污染调查的成效,以下何者属遥测技术?","使用无人飞行载具","使用福卫二号卫星","地面光达(LiDAR)系统","以上皆是","4","无人飞?载具主要协助调查单位进?现场遥测影像拍摄;福卫二号卫星则负责提供卫星影像资?;地面光达(LiDAR)系统可以对於污染地区土地进?地形变化监测." "101","481","中高级","化学品管理","我国依《毒性化学物质管理法》将毒化物分成几类?","3类","4类","5类","6类","2","《毒性化学物质管理法》依毒性分为四类,第一类为难分解物质、第二类为慢毒性物质、第三类为急毒性物质及第四类为疑似毒化物." "101","482","中高级","文化保存","现代汇整地方人文历史文化资料的方式,第一个步骤应为下列何者?","耆老转述","网路搜寻","图书馆阅览","地方政府采风纪录","1","地方性文化网路搜寻不易,图书馆资料也无法细腻指出,应以耆老转述,再由文化工作者地方采风汇整纪录." "101","483","中高级","文化保存","《文化资产保存法》毁损国宝、重要古物,处5年以下有期徒刑、拘役或科或并科新台币20万元以上多少以下罚金?","5万","10万","100万","2000万","3","依據《文化资产保存法》第十章罚则中第94条所示." "101","484","中高级","水污染","水处理技术中「活性污泥法」属於一般所称的哪一级处理?","初级处理","二级处理","三级处理","四级处理","2","水处理技术中活性污泥法属於二级处理." "101","485","中高级","水污染","当河水出现高浓度的氨氮存在时表示水体的情形是?","水质良好","刚受污染","已被污染一段时间","适合鱼类生存","2","含氮有机物主要来自动物排泄物及动植物屍体的分解,分解时先形成胺基酸,再依氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮及硝酸盐氮程序而渐次稳定.当水体中存在高浓度的氨氮,表示该水体受污染时间较短." "101","486","中高级","水污染","水体受到铬的污染,下列叙述何者正确?","三价铬毒性较六价铬毒性高","三价铬具有致癌性并會在体内累积","含铬废水处理需先将六价铬还原成三价铬","六价铬为人体维持醣代谢之必要元素","3","三价铬是人体必需的元素,为维持醣代谢之必要元素,而六价铬对人类具有强烈毒性,會造成皮肤粗糙、肝脏受损,具有致癌性并會在体内累积;实务上,含铬废水处理需先将六价铬还原成毒性较低的三价铬." "101","487","中高级","水污染","下列何种反应會产生甲烷物质?","光合作用","氧化作用","硝化作用","厌氧作用","4","有机物於厌氧条件在酸形成菌作用下产生有机酸及硫化氢、二氧化碳等,接著在甲烷形菌作用反应产生甲烷及二氧化碳." "101","488","中高级","水污染","环保署所规划之河川污染整治愿景包括下列何者?(A)不缺氧(B)不发臭(C)鱼产丰富(D)水岸活化","ABC","BCD","ABCD","ABD","4","河川污染整治-8年内达到河川不缺氧、不发臭及水岸活化." "101","489","中高级","水污染","下列何者为工业废水污染整治较可行的方式?(A)强制拆除违章工厂(B)工厂合理的放流水标准(C)提高经济发展(D)徵收水污染防治费","ABC","BCD","ABCD","ABD","4","工业废水整治策略:强制拆除违章事业、以合理的放流水标准管制事业排放废水、研拟经济诱因的污染防治策略徵收水污染防治费." "101","490","中高级","水质监测","水中生物需氧量通常在下列何种条件下检测分析?","25℃,1小时","20℃,5天","25℃,3天","30℃,5天","2","水样在20℃恒温培养箱中暗处培养5天后,测定水样中好氧性微生物在此期间氧化水中物质所消耗之溶氧,即可求得5天之生化需氧量." "101","491","中高级","饮用水管理","当河水中浊度过高时,會对下列何种作用产生不良影响?","曝气作用","光合作用","消毒作用","以上皆是","4","浊度一词泛指胶体粒子及悬浮物之含量.自来水之浊度愈低,表示净水之效果愈佳.当浊度大於lNTU时,将影响消毒效率." "101","492","中高级","水污染","将污染物质以沉淀方式加以处理,系属於下列何种作用?","化学作用","生物作用","物理作用","混凝作用","3","废水处理物理处理单元包括拦污、沉砂、调匀、搅拌、沉淀、浮除、过滤、物理吸附、薄膜过滤等." "101","493","中高级","水污染","在春秋交替期间,因表面温度高於湖底温度,使得湖底有机物向上翻转,此一现象对水质将产生何种影响?","增加溶氧量","减少水中污染量","提高pH值","减少溶氧量","4","湖泊或海洋於春秋两季,由於水温变化而造成水密度不同,使得表层水下沉与底层水混合,形成水层上下的循环." "101","494","中高级","水污染","水中溶氧可能来自於下列何者?(A)大气溶解(B)自然或人为曝气(C)光合作用(D)有机物分解.","ABC","BCD","ABCD","ABD","1","水中溶氧可能来自大气溶解、自然或人为曝气,以及水生植物的光合作用等,水若受到有机物质污染,则水中微生物在分解有机物时會消耗水中的溶氧,造成水中溶氧降低甚至缺氧." "101","495","中高级","水质监测","当河川原水遭受污染时,何项水质监测数质會明显下降?","溶氧","总有机碳","氨氮","悬浮固体","1","溶氧,即溶解於水中的氧?,是评估水体品质的重要指标之一.水质愈纯净、溶氧愈达饱和,愈适合多种鱼?生存;?水中存在较多的耗氧物质,?如有机物或营养盐,有机物分解或微生物大?生长,?會消耗水中溶氧,造成溶氧?低,甚至呈缺氧?态,导致鱼?死亡、水质发臭." "101","496","中高级","水质监测","根據水库水质的含营养程度,下列哪一种污染程度代表水库优养化的现象最为显著?","无养状态","贫养状态","普养状态","优养状态","4","水库优养程度根據CTSI指标值之高低,根據其优氧程度可分为贫养(CTSI<40)、普养(40≦CTSI≦50)、优养(CTSI>50)等状态." "101","497","中高级","水质监测","当河川溶氧为下列哪一个数值时,表示河川污染较严重?","1mg/L","3mg/L","5mg/L","7mg/L","1","河川水溶氧值较低时,表示河川水可消耗水中溶氧的污染物较多,代表污染较严重." "101","498","中高级","水质监测","最常造成人体感染的肠球菌,为下列哪一种细菌?","粪便肠球菌","大肠杆菌","乳酸菌","好氧菌","1","最常造成人体感染的肠球菌是粪便肠球菌,粪便肠球菌會造成较多的感染是因为此菌对抗生素有很强的抗药性." "101","499","中高级","水质监测","水中导电度值偏高时,代表水中哪一类化学物质偏高?","盐类离子浓度偏高","有机物浓度偏高","化学需氧量偏高","悬浮固体偏高","1","导电度(Electricalconductivity,EC)表示水传导电流能力,导电度与水中离子总浓度、移动性、价数、相对浓度及水温等有关,通常导电度愈高,表示水中电解质含量较多." "101","500","中高级","水质监测","总有机碳(TOC)为水污染指标之一,下列叙述何者「错误」?","分析迅速,是良好指标","TOC与BOD及COD等均有其各自含意","TOC分析不受盐类干扰","TOC之单位为mg/L","3","在水样中盐分或氯盐含量偏高的时,BOD及COD之分析数均有困难,但TOC之分析则不受影响,其数據亦相对较可靠." "101","501","中高级","水质监测","台湾地区河川水质优劣以下列哪一项指标来代表?","RPI","WQI","CTSI","CPI","1","河川水质由氨氮、生化需氧量、溶氧、悬浮固体等4项水质参数之浓度值,计算水质指标值,判定河川水质之污染程度(RPI)." "101","502","中高级","水质监测","下列哪一项「不属於」判定水库水质优养化的主要参考参数?","生化需氧量","叶绿素a","透明度","总磷","1","水库水质系由表层水之叶绿素a、透明度、总磷等三项水质参数浓度值,计算其卡尔森指数来代表.水库水质之优养程度,目前分为贫养、普养、优养等三种状态." "101","503","中高级","水质监测","何种优养化指数常用於评比水库的优养化程度?","卡尔森指数","河川污染指数","高斯指数","氢离子浓度指数","1","卡尔森优氧指数常用於评比水库的优养化程度,其主要的检测项目为叶绿素a、总磷、透明度来分析其间关系." "101","504","中高级","水质监测","下列何者与水之浊度较有相关?","悬浮固体物","重金属","磷","氨氮","1","悬浮固体物系指水中可被玻璃纤维滤纸滤除之所有悬浮之颗粒物质." "101","505","中高级","水质监测","下列哪一项化学物质可在厌氧环境中反应生成硫化氢?","氨氮","汞","硫酸盐","碳酸盐","3","水中的硫酸盐在厌氧环境下,可被微生物还原成硫化氢气体." "101","506","中高级","水质监测","氢离子浓度指数的单位为何?","mg/L","ppm","pH","无单位","4","依照我国放流水标准,氢离子浓度指数为无单位." "101","507","中高级","水质监测","进行水样品生化需氧量检测时,须将相关样品培养在何种温度的环境中?","摄氏4度","摄氏10度","摄氏20度","摄氏零下25度","3","一般所称的生化需氧量系以20℃培养5日后所测得的结果,BOD5表示.生化需氧量可表示水中可被微生物分解的有机物含量,间接也表示了水体受有机物污染的程度." "101","508","中高级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」河川水质监测之重金属项目?","钴","硒","砷","镉","1","河川水质监测包括:水温、酸硷值、导电度、悬浮固体、生化需氧量、化学需氧量、总有机碳、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮、溶氧、总磷、大肠杆菌群、锰、锌、铜、铅、砷、镉、汞、硒、银、六价铬." "101","509","中高级","自然保育","国家公园与国家自然公园的差异为何?","国家自然公园的主管机关为地方政府","国家自然公园只保护自然环境","国家自然公园是符合国家公园选定基准而其资源丰度或面积规模较小","以上皆是","3","《国家公园法》第八条第三款-国家自然公园是符合国家公园选定基准而其资源丰度或面积规模较小." "101","510","中高级","自然保育","下列哪一种保育类动物并「不是」由於人类大量捕捉及栖地破坏而濒临灭绝危机?","寛尾鳯蝶","观雾山椒鱼","?蠵?","樱花钩吻鲑","2","宽尾鳯蝶、绿蠵龟及樱花钩吻鲑等一级保育类动物,皆曾经面临人类的大量捕捉及栖地破坏导致数量大减,而濒临灭绝的危机.观雾山椒鱼主要分布在雪山山脉西北部,1996年在观雾地区首次被发现,主要因台风豪雨使观雾的生态环境受损而受影响." "101","511","中高级","自然保育","下列哪一个机关的业务与我国野生动物贸易管理有关?","行政院农业委员會","动植物防疫检疫局","财政部关税总局与各地区关税局","以上皆是","4","我国管理野生物贸易涉及的主管机关有行政院农业委员會、动植物防疫检疫局、经济部国际贸易局、标准检验局、行政院卫生署、财政部关税总局与各地区关税局等." "101","512","中高级","自然保育","保育人员常會选择特定的「保护伞物种」来推动进行保育工作.「保护伞物种」的意义及功用为何?","「保护伞物种」对栖息环境的品质要求较高,因此可以连带保护同一栖地的其他物种","「保护伞物种」用来作为明星物种,以争取保育的经费","「保护伞物种」是维系栖地生态功能关键物种,牠的存在可以维护生态功能","「保护伞物种」是栖地中最高阶的消费者,用来抑制栖地内其他的物种","1","「保护伞物种」指那些对特定栖息环境的品质要求较高或较敏感的物种,如果能够确保牠们族群的存活,那麽在同一种环境中,其他生物的存活大概也不成问题." "101","513","中高级","自然保育","下列何者「不是」外来种造成的影响?","因与本土种杂交而造成基因污染","提高生物多样性","与本地生物竞争栖地","引发疾病或寄生虫传播","2","外来种当其变为入侵种时所生之生态上的影响包括掠食、竞争及排挤、疾病或寄生虫的传染、杂交及生态系统的改变等." "101","514","中高级","自然保育","面对海洋资源逐渐匮乏,我们可以采取的做法为何?","消除造成非法、不报告及不受规範渔捕行为以及造成渔捕能量过剩之渔业补贴","落实执行禁渔期、禁渔区、渔业资源保育区等相关渔业管理措施","加强培训渔业资源养护及管理人才,并教育全民对渔业资源永续利用之认识","以上皆是","4","台湾21世纪议程国家永续发展愿景与策略纲领中对永续渔业的政策." "101","515","中高级","自然保育","自然保留区的设置是依下列哪一项法规所推动?","文化资产保存法","国家公园法","野生动物保育法","以上皆是","1","「自然保留区」是农委會依文化资产保存法所划定公告." "101","516","中高级","自然保育","下列何者是就地保育(现地保育)的做法?","设立动物收容中心","设立国家公园","建立植物种子库","以上皆是","2","就地保育是指保障生物的栖息环境,让它们自然生长、繁衍,例如我们建立的国家公园、自然保留区、野生动物保护区、母树林等都是就地保育." "101","517","中高级","自然保育","台湾地区造林应优先考量办理的区域,「不包括」哪些地区?","山坡地","复耕性低或污染整治完成之农地","都會公园","严重地层下陷地区","3","造林应优先考量於山坡地办理;复耕性低或污染整治完成之农地、台糖释出、条件不佳或请领补助之特定农业区土地、严重地层下陷或政府规划之造林专区,推动造林." "101","518","中高级","自然保育","哪一种作法會减缓因人为扰动而造成生物多样性流失的速度?","规划管理人为污染、开发、过度利用等扰动","排定优先次序,控制或根除优先入侵外来物种","依照生态原则规划与执行劣化生态系之复育","以上皆是","4","人为扰动,加速生物多样性流失的速度.透过规划、管理人为的扰动,解除生态系遭受各类污染、开发、过度利用、火灾、病虫害等干扰所造成之压力." "101","519","中高级","低碳永续家园","推广「绿建筑」的意义为何?","强调必须在屋顶种植绿色植物","强调能源效率的提升与节能","强调房屋的使用过程完全不排放二氧化碳","强调房子住户必须为环保人士","2","「绿建筑」在各国有不同的名称,定义及内涵也略有差异.绿建筑最早之发展称环境共生住宅(EnvironmentalSymbioticHousing),其内涵包括「地球环境的保全」、「周边环境的亲和」、及「健康快适的居住环境」等三个层次.一般而言,称绿建筑(GreenBuilding),主要讲求能源效率的提升与节能、资源与材料妥善利用、室内环境品质及符合环境容受力等." "101","520","中高级","低碳永续家园","以下各国的都市每人平均公园绿地面积何者最大?","台湾","美国","英国","日本","3","英国30.4m2,美国19.2m2,日本7.0m2,台湾10m2以下." "101","521","中高级","低碳永续家园","以下哪一种建筑型态能够合理地降低能源耗损?","密不通风的全玻璃大楼","无遮阳的玻璃大温室","绿屋顶","水平大天窗","3","建筑物以往的功能是遮风避雨,后来演变成为创造生活中的舒适环境.但在今日,建筑物除需符合上述的要件外,能够充分与自然环境结合,在施工与使用等各阶段降低能源耗用,减少资源的浪费,才能算是符合新世代观念的建筑物,因此,密不通风的全玻璃大楼,无遮阳的玻璃大温室,水平大天窗,造成能源的浪费." "101","522","中高级","低碳永续家园","下列何项「不是」好的生态绿化方法?","绿地尽是人工草坪或草花花圃","利用多年生藤蔓植物攀爬建筑立面以争取绿化量","大部分绿地种满乔木或复层绿化,小部分绿地种满灌木","在屋顶阳台设置防水排水良好的花台以加强绿化","1","生物多样性指标,是以多样性的土壤、植被、水文、气候,空间来提供多样性的绿地品质,以造就藏身,筑巢、觅食、求偶、产卵、繁殖等功能的生物栖息环境." "101","523","中高级","低碳永续家园","下列哪一种方法能够在不影响生活的状况下,轻鬆达到节能50-60%的效果?","换LED电灯","提高居家环境的生物多样性","增加庭园的绿地覆盖率","增设绿屋顶和外壳绝缘","4","外壳节能可轻鬆达到50-60%的效率.对於空调设备系统设计,同时厉行防止冰水主机超量设计的机制,可节省30%.对於照明设计,强制要求采用高效率灯具设计,节约20%." "101","524","中高级","低碳永续家园","下列哪一种作法「不符合」房屋的照明节能?","选购灯具时,以最低价钱为选购的主要考量","居室应保有充足的开窗面,以利自然采光","使用寿命较长的节能灯具","室内采用高明度的色彩,以提高照明效果","1","建筑的日常耗能中以空调及照明用电占了最大比例,照明用电比高达三至四成.建筑物的使用寿命长,其节能的累积效果远胜於其他工业产品.照明节能重点:建筑室内墙面及天花板采用明亮设计、采用高效率灯具、尽量采自然采光设计及利用自动昼光节约照明控制系统." "101","525","中高级","低碳永续家园","建筑的耗能很大,若可以延长房子的寿命,则可以大幅减低二氧化碳的排放.下列何种作法能够延长房屋的寿命和可维修性?","安装太阳能装置","兴建可以绝热保水的绿屋顶","以绿屋顶取代防水层分离","将水电管路等进行明管化设计","4","因为设备管路的寿命只有十五年左右,而建筑体可长达八十年.更换个三五次是必要的.将过去多埋於RC楼板内的管路明管化,拆换时才不會伤到结构." "101","526","中高级","低碳永续家园","冷气应控温於26~28℃,既能使人感到凉爽也有助於减碳.当我们调高冷气温度设定值1℃时,可节省多少的冷气用电?","1%","6%","25%","40%","2","使用冷空调设备时,应维持室内温度在以26~28℃为宜,每调高温度设定值1℃,约可节省冷气用电6%." "101","527","中高级","低碳永续家园","生质能至今仍然无法完全取代传统能源.下列何者是生质能源在推广上的限制?","可减少环境公害,如垃圾等","生质能是一种清洁的低碳燃料","冲击食物链,使粮食价格提升,引发物价上涨","生质能利用在转换过程二氧化碳零排放","3","生质能的优点是不仅符合永续经营的理念,能将生质物资源化与能源化,兼具能源与环保双重贡献.但是,常需要大量生产能源作物,这种密集耕种与连续作物,又造成一些问题.1.损耗天然资源,对生物多样性及区域经济造成冲击.2.劣化土壤,造成水土侵蚀并导致沙漠化.3.冲击食物链,使粮食价格提升,引发物价上涨." "101","528","中高级","低碳永续家园","低碳生活中所要减的「碳」,指的是来自千万年前物质.下列何者是前述说明所指的「碳」来源?","生质酒精","生质柴油","石油和煤","核电","3","石油和煤来自千万年前捕获的太阳能后死亡的生物;而生质柴油及酒精都是现代的植物或藻类提炼而成的." "101","529","中高级","低碳永续家园","生质能的发展必需考虑原料的供应是否充足.下列何者能够生产「生质能」?","废食用油","石头","土壤","雷电","1","生质能的发展必需考虑原料的供应是否充足,并且与粮食作物区隔,才是永续发展之道.我们可以向垃圾要能源,如:废食用油、猪粪尿、稻杆、垃圾、废弃物与厨余." "101","530","中高级","低碳永续家园","下列哪种能源的产生方法符合节能减碳?","燃煤发电","火力发电","风力发电","柴油发电","3","风力发电不需耗费燃料,因此不會产生灰渣等废弃物,最大的好处是不會排出二氧化碳." "101","531","中高级","低碳永续家园","在生活中,人们的食衣住行都跟减碳息息相关,下列说法何者「错误」?","回收旧衣给需要的人","多选用在地的天然食材","在住宅加装白炽灯泡","在路边短暂停车时,可将引擎熄火","3","白炽灯泡平均使用寿命较省电灯泡短,同样照度条件下,白炽灯泡比省电灯泡耗电5倍." "101","532","中高级","低碳永续家园","以下各种再生能源,哪一项必须仰赖足够的阳光才能稳定地供电,否则就得靠电池将电力贮存?","生质酒精","水力发电","太阳能发电","风力发电","3","再生能源中,只有生质能可以像石油一样,贮存起来,以后或任何时间再使用.其他都得仰赖电池,而电池的效率又无法很高,造成供电的不稳定." "101","533","中高级","灾害防救","下列何者「不是」健康绿建材审查要点中的管制目标?","重金属","总挥发有机化合物","甲醛","二氧化碳","4","健康绿建材之审查要点中,管制目标有低总挥发有机化合物、低甲醛、低重金属等等." "101","534","中高级","化学品管理","甲基第三丁基醚(MTBE)是一种对动物具有致癌性的毒性化学物质,常添加至我们日常生活的哪一类物品中?","油炸食品","无铅汽油","污泥饼","环境卫生用药","2","甲基第三丁基醚(MTBE)是易燃挥发性有机化合物,主要用於提高汽油辛烷值,为一良好的添加剂,自1990年开始,即成为可防止空气污染的无铅汽油添加剂.但经研究证实对动物具有致癌性后,国外已逐渐开始禁用." "101","535","中高级","灾害防救","下列对地震的叙述何者「错误」?","地震本身的大小与释放的能量有关","用以表示地震释放能量的规模是一个没有单位的实数,例如地震规模""6.5""","地震摇晃程度(震度)则以整数值的""级""来表示,例如5级","地震的震度与距离震央的远近无关","4","震央(epicenter)是指震源在地表的投影点,所以地震的震度与距离震央的远近有绝对的关系." "101","536","中高级","灾害防救","下列哪一个地区恰位於板块边界线?","台北盆地","林口台地","嘉南平原","花东纵谷","4","花东纵谷是台湾岛最重要的地质构造区,是菲律宾海板块与欧亚大陆的碰撞带.至今,菲律宾海板块(海岸山脉)还一直挤压欧亚大陆,造成台湾岛每年约产生7-8公分的压缩." "101","537","中高级","灾害防救","哪个季节的台风容易产生共伴效应,加剧台风灾害?","春季","夏季","秋季","冬季","3","秋天的台风如果与东北季风结合,将产生共伴环流,形成所谓共伴效应,风速与雨势均将加大." "101","538","中高级","灾害防救","台风是指一种剧烈的热带气旋,此热带气旋的形成来源为下列何者?","从北方大陆而来的高气压","从热带海洋而来的低气压","在台湾本岛上产生的强大气流","是温室效应产生的极端气候现象","2","在气象学上说台风是一种剧烈的热带气旋,热带气旋就是在热带海洋上发生的低气压." "101","539","中高级","灾害防救","台湾集集地震断层错动属哪一类断层?","正断层","逆断层","左移断层","右移断层","2","集集大地震发生於民国88年年9月21日凌晨时份,於台湾中部山区的逆断层型地震." "101","540","中高级","灾害防救","台风在水平方向上可分为下列几个部分?(A)螺旋云(雨)带(B)云墙区(C)暖心带(D)台风眼.","ABC","BCD","ACD","ABD","4","台风在水平方向上可分为三大部分:螺旋云(雨)带、云墙区、台风眼." "101","541","中高级","空气品质监测","下列哪一项「不是」对二氧化硫正确的叙述?","为白色气体","具刺激臭味","作为漂白剂","作为防腐剂","1","二氧化硫为无色气体,有强烈刺激性气味.由於二氧化硫的抗菌性质,它有时用作干杏和其它乾果的防腐剂,另外,它对纸张和衣物有漂白效果." "101","542","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","红外线摄影机所发出的红外线是属於下列哪一种辐射?","非游离辐射","游离辐射","X射线","γ射线","1","辐射依能量高低可以分成非游离辐射和游离辐射两类.非游离辐射是能量较弱之辐射,包含微波、远红外线、近红外线、可见光、紫外线、雷达、卫星通讯、红外线、雷射等.原子核内各种变化所产生之α、β、γ及X射线等,属於能量较强的游离辐射." "101","543","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","对电磁波振动的介绍,下列何者「错误」?","振动方向与波的行进方向相互垂直","是为横波(TransverseWave)","和光速一样快","和音速一样快","4","电磁波振动方向与波的行进方向相互垂直,是为横波(TransverseWave).电磁波的传播速度与光速相同约为c=300000km/s(音速约为340m/s)" "101","544","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","对於非职业场所之公众,曝?於环境中各频段与磁通量密度限制间之关系何者正确?","频段低时,磁通量密度限制数值较小","频段低时,磁通量密度限制数值较大","频段不同时,磁通量密度限制值都相同","频段与磁通量密度限制值间无特定关系","2","非职业场所之公众於环境中曝?各频段(f)之限制时变电场、磁场及电磁场曝??考位准值如下:频段<1Hz其限制曝露参考位准值40000μT、频段8-25Hz限制曝露参考位准值40000/(f)μT、频段0.8-3kHz限制曝露参考位准值6.25μT." "101","545","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","对於非游离辐射管制项目中,下列何者属於低频者?","高压电塔","广播电台","雷达站","基地台","1","非游离辐射管制项目中,属於低频者为:高压电塔、变电所;高频者为:广播电台(AM)、广播电台(FM)、雷达站、基地台." "101","546","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","若今日的紫外线指数(UVI)为6,是属於哪一等级?","低量级","中量级","高量级","过量级","3","环保署与中央气象局共同修订紫外线指数(UVI)分级名称,各级指数範围不变,依序调整为「低量级(0-2)」、「中量级(3-5)」、「高量级(6-7)」、「过量级(8-10)」、「危险级(11+)」." "101","547","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","都會地区基地台愈密集,则下列何项描述为「错误」?","通话品质良好","各基地台间输出电磁波功率可降低","通话品质因过度密集而变差","行动电话发射功率可降低","3","在大都會中行动电话为让通话品质良好,基地台相互之间发射功率就仅维持基本设定值範围,避免功率太强相互干扰.因此在都會区为维持一定通话品质,基地台功率值不应该太大,但要密集,使各基地台间之输出电磁波功率愈低,而行动电话本身发射功率也自动调低." "101","548","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","新闻时常报导太阳大时出门要做好防晒措施,预防紫外线,下列何者「不是」紫外线对皮肤造成之慢性危害?","皮肤老化","免疫系统之影响","皮肤癌","皮肤发红、疼痛","4","皮肤发红为皮肤接触过量之紫外线剂量,造成血管扩张、渗透性增加,为紫外线造成皮肤危害的急性效应." "101","549","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","雷射光为经由(原子)激发所产生的强烈光线放射,直射會对人体造成危害.下列何者「不是」雷射造成身体危害之主要机转?","光化学伤害","热传导伤害","热烧伤","热音震效应","2","热烧伤:组织的蛋白质會因吸收热而变性.光化学伤害:紫外线和蓝光的毫秒脉冲雷射可能伤害眼睛和皮肤组织以光化学反应机制.热音震效应:小於10ms的脉冲雷射可在视网膜上诱发出一个震波,而造成视网膜产生一个永久破口." "101","550","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","下列何者「不属於」非游离辐射的运用?","医生让病人照X光诊断病情","实验室使用紫外光消毒","开车时收聽广播节目","将冷掉的饭菜用微波炉加热","1","辐射依能量高低可以分成非游离辐射和游离辐射两类.非游离辐射是能量较弱之辐射,包含微波、远红外线、近红外线、可见光、紫外线、雷达、卫星通讯、红外线、雷射等.原子核内各种变化所产生之α、β、γ及X射线等,属於能量较强的游离辐射." "101","551","中高级","气候变迁","联合国气候变化纲要公约(UNFCCC)是在哪一次联合国重要會议时签订的?","1992年在巴西里约召开的地球高峰會","2002年在南非召开的地球高峰會","2012年在巴西里约召开的地球高峰會","1997年日本京都會议","1","1992年在巴西里约召开的地球高峰會,促使全球154个国家代表共同签署「联合国气候变化纲要公约(UNFCCC)." "101","552","中高级","气候变迁","以下哪一项目「不是」2010年墨西哥坎昆协议(Canc'unAgreement)的主要内容?","将协议转成具法律约束力的协约","以各国之国家适当减缓行动为主要方法","运用绿色气候基金协助开发中国家","运用技术机制协助开发中国家","1","墨西哥坎昆會议虽然达成《坎昆协议》,但仍未能将协议转成具法律约束力的协约,该协议的成果是:成立一个调适委员會加强调适方面的行动;在减缓方面各国各自表述减碳承诺,由下而上来形成全球减碳趋势;运用财务与技术移转机制,包括绿色气候基金、技术机制以及气候技术中心以协助开发中国家提升其减缓与调适的能力." "101","553","中高级","温室气体减量","我国的温室气体减量目标是「全国二氧化碳排放减量,於哪一年要回到2005年排放量」?","2013年","2015年","2020年","2025年","3","台湾身为地球村的一员,为因应全球气候变迁及国内外之能源环保情势日益严峻,行政院於97年第3095次院會通过之「永续能源政策纲领」宣告温室气体减量目标:「全国二氧化碳排放减量,於2020年回到2005年排放量,於2025年回到2000年排放量」." "101","554","中高级","综合企划","下列关於气候变迁的调适策略之叙述,哪一项是「错误」的?","调适是为了因应气候冲击,在自然或人类系统所做的调整","调适的目的在降低人类与自然处於气候变迁影响与效应下的脆弱度","调适使得人类与自然在极端天气与暖化下的负面冲击最小","调适策略著重於提高二氧化碳排放与暖化下的冲击","4","调适是为了因应实际或预期的气候冲击影响,在自然或人类系统所做的调整.调适的目的在降低人类与自然系统处於气候变迁影响与效应下的脆弱度,使得人类与自然在极端天气事件与暖化效应下的负面冲击最小,且配合气候变化的获益能够最大.减缓策略著重於削减造成气候变迁的原因,调适策略著重於妥善处理气候变迁所造成的冲击." "101","555","中高级","气候变迁","以下哪一个政府机关负责台湾气候变迁调适水资源领域的工作分组?","经济部","国防部","内政部","财政部","1","台湾气候变迁调适水资源领域分组单位包含经济部及环保署,由经济部进行汇整." "101","556","中高级","气候变迁","除了全球暖化后的平均海平面上升因素外,下列何者「不是」影响台湾周遭海域海平面上升的因素?","东太平洋海平面持续上升","西太平洋海平面持续上升","圣婴现象等气候现象","邻近海域海平面的改变","1","根據经建會2012年『国家气候变迁调适政策纲领」指出,台湾周遭海域海平面上升的可能原因,除全球暖化后的平均海平面上升外,部分原因属於区域性的现象,包括近几十年东太平洋海平面持续下降、西太平洋海平面持续上升、圣婴现象等气候现象的影响,以及邻近海域(如南海)海平面的改变." "101","557","中高级","气候变迁","温度上升會冲击森林的生物多样性,下列何者叙述「不正确」?","暖化可能导致中海拔温带针叶林分布向下推移","暖温带雨林群系的变动幅度最大","冷温带与亚高山针叶林群系仅能零星分布在海拔极高的山区","高海拔温带针叶林分布向上推移、面积因而缩减","1","暖化可能导致中高海拔温带针叶林分布向上推移,分布的面积因而缩减;其中以暖温带雨林群系的变动幅度最大,其分布将局限在目前垂直分布的上限;冷温带与亚高山针叶林群系则仅能零星分布在海拔极高的山区." "101","558","中高级","气候变迁","下列何者是气候变迁发生的主因?","温室效应","藤原效应","热岛效应","冲击效应","1","根據德州农业机械大学海洋学系的ThomasJ.Crowley在289期的Science(科学)期刊上发表的论文指出,自然的变化只在全球暖化中扮演次要的角色,人类活动产生的温室气体才是主因." "101","559","中高级","自然保育","下列何者「不是」海岸防风林的主要功能?","抗风、抗盐、生产","提供野生动物栖地","维护景观、保护农地","提供薪材能源","4","海岸防风林亦难以发挥抗风、抗盐、生产、提供野生动物栖地、维护景观、保护农地的多重功能.气候变迁加上人为破坏所产生的复合效应将严重威胁海岸与沿海湿地生态系." "101","560","中高级","气候变迁","在气候变迁的影响下,海洋生态系受到的冲击很多,下列何者叙述「不正确」?","水温升高冲击物种的适应存续","海水酸化改变海水物理及化学特性","降雨改变影响盐度、溶氧","洋流流向与涌昇流强度不會受到影响","4","海洋生态系受到的冲击包括:水温升高冲击物种的适应存续、海水酸化改变海水物理及化学特性,降雨改变影响盐度、溶氧,以及改变洋流流向与涌昇流强度,改变营养盐分布等" "101","561","中高级","自然保育","最容易受到影响的物种通常具有一些共同的特性.下列何者「不是」它的共同特性?","分布範围很广","生态需求特殊","播迁能力薄弱","分布在现有分布範围边缘","1","物种与基因根據以往调查的预测,最容易受到影响的物种包括:分布範围局限、生态需求特殊、播迁能力薄弱,以及分布在现有分布範围边缘、高海拔地区、极地、或海岸湿地等." "101","562","中高级","自然保育","下列何者「不是」造成物种灭绝的原因?","物种间相互依存的关系出现改变","迁移性动物因迁移路线上任一处栖地的变化","人类过渡的捕捉","以上皆是","4","物种与基因除了个别物种存活可能发生问题外,物种间的互动或相互依存的关系,可能使少数物种灭绝连带引发更多物种灭绝的连锁反应." "101","563","中高级","气候变迁","全球气温上升會拉长气候相关虫媒传染性疾病发生的时间.以下哪一类的疾病比较「没有」关连?","登革热","恙虫病","日本脑炎","痛痛病","4","温度的持续上升气温上升會拉长气候相关虫媒传染性疾病(登革热、恙虫病、日本脑炎等)发生的时间、拉长夏季传染性疾病发生时间、扩散发生空间等.痛痛病是镉中毒造成之公害事件." "101","564","中高级","气候变迁","受到极端高温或低温的环境影响,下列哪一种疾病死亡的风险较高?","肝病","心血管疾病","癌症","呼吸道疾病","2","在极端高温或低温下,因心血管疾病而死亡的风险相对於因呼吸道疾病而死亡的风险为高?,又以低温的冲击相对比高温的危害大." "101","565","中高级","气候变迁","在极端降雨后,下列哪一种疾病传染机率「不會」提高?","A型肝炎","杆菌性痢疾","类鼻疽等传染性疾病","以上皆會提高","4","因气候变迁影响,降雨情形越趋极端,乾旱与水灾的机率提高,间接导致洁净水不足与增加接触污水机會,亦将提高发生相关疾病的风险,如皮肤感染、饮用水相关慢性中毒、A型肝炎、杆菌性痢疾、钩端螺旋体与类鼻疽等传染性疾病等." "101","566","中高级","低碳永续家园","由於热岛效应,高密度的都市地区与周边地区的温差可能达到几度C?","1℃","3℃","5℃","10℃","4","由於热岛效应,高密度都市与周边地区的温差可能达到10℃." "101","567","中高级","饮用水管理","电镀时,大量镉排放入废水中,食用过量的镉可能导致哪种病?","心脏病","痛痛病","皮肤病","精神病","2","食用过量的镉會导致痛痛病,此病會造成骨骼脆弱并产生剧烈的疼痛." "101","568","中高级","饮用水管理","饮用水中铬浓度标准定为0.1mg/L,铬酸盐中毒有可能會引起下列哪个症状?","皮肤病变","咳嗽不止","记忆衰退","痉挛","1","铬酸盐中毒會引起皮肤病变及肝脏受损,同时有理由显示铬酸盐可能致癌." "101","569","中高级","饮用水管理","下列何者「不是」饮用水水质之物理性标准项目?","臭度","浊度","深度","色度","3","饮用水水质之物理性标准分为三种项目:臭度、浊度、色度." "101","570","中高级","饮用水管理","自?水厂处?饮用水,下列何者「不属於」处?步骤?","凝集处?","沉淀处?","消化处?","过?处?","3","自?水厂处?饮用水,包括凝集处?、沉淀处?、过?处?与消毒等步骤." "101","571","中高级","温室气体减量","从经济的角度来看,下列何种方式减碳的成本最低?","种植台湾杉","以石化技术减碳","以一般能源技术减碳","以核能技术减碳","1","经济上,以能源生产技术减碳,成本为20-120美元/吨;以石化能源技术减碳,成本为100美元/吨;种植台湾杉林仅需37.4美元/吨." "101","572","中高级","温室气体减量","关於建筑中常用的金属玻璃帷幕墙,下列何者叙述正确?","玻璃帷幕墙适用於台湾,让夏天的室内产生温暖的感觉","台湾的气候湿热,特别适合在大楼以金属玻璃帷幕作为建材","玻璃帷幕墙的使用能节省室内空调使用","在温度高的国家,建筑使用金属玻璃帷幕會造成日照辐射热,产生室内「温室效应」","4","在欧美国家,因有些地区十分寒冷,所以會盖金属玻璃帷幕的建筑物,为的是保存冬天日照辐射热,让室内产生「温室效应」.但台湾气候湿热,特别是夏季高温往往在摄氏30度以上,所以不宜采用金属玻璃帷幕来建筑." "101","573","中高级","温室气体减量","关於《京都协议书》的叙述,何者正确?","发起国家为美国,签署地点在日本京都","是继哥本哈根协议后的第一个碳交易管制","台湾也是签署国家之一","可分为京都机制与自愿减碳系统两大类","2","《京都协议书》是继哥本哈根协议后的第一个碳交易管制台湾并未签属." "101","574","中高级","资源回收","关於国际的塑胶分类标志,下列何者「错误」?","1代表宝特瓶","2代表高密度聚乙烯","5代表聚丙烯","7代表保丽龙","1","国际的塑胶分类标志包括:1代表聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯、2代表高密度聚乙烯、3代表聚氯乙烯、4代表低密度聚乙烯、5代表聚丙烯、6代表聚苯乙烯、7代表其他类(包括美耐皿、ABS树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(压克力)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚乳酸(PLA)等)." "101","575","中高级","资源回收","废轮胎的处理方式「不包括」下列哪一种?","热裂解","原型利用","作为橡胶沥青","回收作为塑胶袋","4","废轮胎的处理方式包括:热裂解、原型利用、橡胶沥青、回收做为橡胶原料." "101","576","中高级","资源回收","国内废轮胎回收主要制作成以下哪一种原料?","塑胶","玻璃","纸浆","橡胶","4","废轮胎经过热裂解、原型利用、橡胶沥青、回收后做为橡胶原料." "101","577","中高级","资源回收","关於占用道路车辆,下列何者「不」被认定为废弃车辆?","经所有人或其代理人以书面放弃的车辆","车辆脏污、锈蚀、破损,外观上明显失去原效用的车辆","因违规停车,引起不善人士将车窗被敲破的车辆","失去原效用的事故车、解体车","3","依《占用道路废弃车辆认定基准及查报处理办法》第2条规定,道路车辆有下列情形之一者,认定为废弃车辆:(1)经所有人或其代理人以书面放弃之车辆.(2)车辆脏污、锈蚀、破损,外观上明显失去原效用之车辆.(3)失去原效用之事故车、解体车.(4)其他符合经中央环境保护署主管机关會商相关机关公告认定标准之车辆." "101","578","中高级","资源回收","家中过期沙拉油或回锅油,可以如何再利用?","送交饲料生产工厂进行再利用","制作手工肥皂","可制成硬脂酸原料","以上皆是","4","餐饮业、连锁速食店系属废弃物清理法列管之事业,其所产生之废食用油(代码R-1702)属公告可直接再利用之一般事业废弃物,相关事业如无法自行处理者,得依经济部公告之事业废弃物再利用种类及管理方式,送交饲料、肥皂、硬脂酸原料或其他相关产品之生产工厂进行再利用,或得委托具有该等废弃物处理许可项目之废弃物处理机构处理之.其他非事业(如家户)所产生之废食用油,系属於一般废弃物,请交清洁隊清除." "101","579","中高级","资源回收","不小心将日光灯(40W长型)掉在水泥地上摔成许多碎片,如何妥善处理才不致危害人体污染环境?","打开门窗让室内空气流通","使用吸尘器清理","收集密封后丢弃放置於垃圾车","以上皆是","1","如不小心将灯管(泡)打破,应尽快打开门窗让室内空气流通并离开该区域至少15分钟,待空气中汞浓度降低后,再用扫帚清扫避免粉末飞散,勿使用吸尘器清理,其吸力會致使汞飞散於空气中.清理收集后,使用紧闭之容器密封包装好后,交由清洁隊资源回收车、经销体系逆向回收点或地方环保机关核可的回收机构等回收." "101","580","中高级","资源回收","关於巨大垃圾的处理,下列叙述何者「错误」?","大型废弃玻璃若为家庭产生,则交由资源回收车处理","大型废弃玻璃若为事业单位产生,则需委托合格之处理业者处理","若大型废弃家具要进行回收处理,则可委托清洁隊协助入屋搬出处理","丢弃大型的废弃家俱与家电用品前,要先和清洁隊约好收运的时间.","3","清洁隊为避免进入民宅搬运造成误會,目前尚未提供进入民宅搬运之服务,建议民众请朋友或邻、里长协助搬运至指定地点,后由清洁隊清运;若件数很多且无法自行搬运,建议民众可付费找清运公司协助清运." "101","581","中高级","低碳永续家园","行政院颁布的「绿建筑推动方案」中,在建筑部分订定了环境评估七大指标,以下何者为「错误」?","建筑造型","日常节能","二氧化碳减量","绿化","1","行政院颁布的「绿建筑推动方案」,其中建筑部分订定环境评估七大指标系统:「绿化」、「基地保水」、「水资源」、「日常节能」、「二氧化碳减量」、「污水垃圾改善」.凡建筑物需经过内政部建筑研究所指定机构,至少审核通过其中「日常节能」「水资源」两项指标,才可取得候选绿建筑标章." "101","582","中高级","温室气体减量","下列哪一种行为能够减少温室气体排放?","挖掘更多的化石能源","提高能源效率","发展生质能源","发展火力和核能发电","2","气候变迁带来的考验将越来越严峻,面对来自全球的挑战,台湾正处於发展转捩点上,同时加强与国际间合作,进行减碳政策、技术与经验交流,并推动碳市场之国际接轨.任何能源的开发或者挖掘都會造成温室气体的排放;而提高能源效率则能够有效减低能源的使用,减少温室气体排放." "101","583","中高级","综合企划","全球气候变迁与温室效应的影响日益明显,减缓与调适为各国政府因应气候变迁威胁的两大重要策略.「调适」指的是何种策略?","减低民众对於温室效应和全球暖化议题的迷思","依據冲击或影响,在自然或人类系统做的调整","调整人为和自然环境的总排碳量","以人类的科技结合自然的覆育,提高温室气体的排放","2","「调适」(adaptation)系指为了因应实际或预期的气候冲击或其影响,而在自然或人类系统所做的调整,以减轻危害或发展有利的机會." "101","584","中高级","绿色产业","台湾太阳光电发电系统结构与材?的使用期限应以几年较为合适?","5年","10年","15年","20年","4","考?海岛型气候,尤以滨海、?岛等含盐份水气?大,容?造成模组与支撑结构之绣蚀,应特别要求材?之处?与使用已尽?符合模组20?之使用期与系统5?保固期." "101","585","中高级","水污染","下列何者属於废污水之高级处理方法?","活性污泥法","初沉法","中和处理","活性碳吸附","4","废污水高级处理方式有逆渗透法、活性碳吸附法、生物处理脱氮法、离子交换法等,以便去除二级处理未能去除污染物." "101","586","中高级","综合企划","依據99年1月12日立法院三读通过之《行政院组织法》,环保署合并资源保育业务,将正式升格成立哪一部?","环境保护部","国土资源部","环境资源部","环境部","3","依據民国99年1月12月立法院三读通过之「行政院组织法」,环保署合并资源保育业务,将正式升格成立环境资源部." "101","587","中高级","绿色采购及消费","下列哪种行为并「不是」购买绿色商品的原则?","选用再生纸","选择再生玻璃品","多使用铝箔包","选用可充电的电池","3","铝箔包由一层纸(占73.5%),四层PE(占21%)、一层铝箔(占5.5%)所制成,因属复合材料所含的纸、PE、铝箔因密合而无法回收再利用、造成专利厂商想尽说词以逃避应负的回收责任,结果不仅形成资源的浪费,更污染了环境." "101","588","中高级","绿色采购及消费","下列何者「不是」民间企业与团体在生活中落实绿色消费的行为?","建立正确的绿色消费观念","仅检举对自己权益有影响之违规标章","宣导环保产品的特性及环境效益","投资绿色产业之公司","2","发现不实绿色产品或有冒用、违规使用环保标章的情形,应主动向环保机关或环保标章承办单位环境与发展基金會检举,确保消费者权益." "101","589","中高级","绿色产业","为让民众安心食用,哪个政府单位积极推动农产品的身分认证?","农委會","经济部","卫生署","环保署","1","农委會积极推动农产品的身分认证及栽种过程能一览无遗." "101","590","中高级","绿色产业","台湾哪个县市为配合产业转型,将鱼塭改为太阳能发电厂?","宜兰县","桃园县","屏东县","嘉义县","3","屏东东港以养水种电发展太阳能发电.养水就是将水养乾净,养殖业者减少抽水用电,下大雨时也可蓄水,避免水患." "101","591","中高级","绿色产业","再生能源除太阳能和风力能之外还包括哪些?","生质能","水力能","海洋能","以上皆是","4","再生能源:指太阳能、生质能、地热能、海洋能、风力、非抽蓄式水力、国内一般废弃物与一般事业废弃物等直接利用或经处理所产生之能源,或其他经中央主管机关认定可永续利用之能源." "101","592","中高级","绿色产业","全球最早制订路灯标准,并於2011年制定LED路灯节能标章的是哪一个国家?","美国","日本","台湾","德国","3","台湾为全球最早订定路灯标准的国家." "101","593","中高级","绿色产业","下列哪一个国家在今年规划新的经济振兴方案中,将再生能源扣抵金额倍增,藉此改善房屋能源使用效率,并创造更多的就业机會?","韩国","美国","英国","中国","2","美国总统欧巴马提及将积极推动再生能源方案." "101","594","中高级","绿色产业","政府鼓励民众在住宿旅馆时该如何做,以达到环保要求?","刷卡代替付现","自备枕头","不搭电梯","自带盥洗用品","4","国内推动环保旅馆鼓励民众自带盥洗用品,重复利用,降低二氧化碳(CO2)的产生." "101","595","中高级","绿色产业","哪一种燃料电池是目前最符合绿色能源永续发展的产品?","氢","氦","锂","氮","1","氢能是重要替代能源,氢能燃料电池机车的排放物只有水,是新能源中的新能源,为目前最符合永续发展的产品." "101","596","中高级","噪音","下列何种音源會产生低频率噪音?","工地电钻的声音","飞机起飞的声音","冷气水塔的声音","乐隊铙钹的声音","3","工地施工的频率属於中频率,飞机起飞与乐隊铙钹属於高频率声音,而冷气水塔的声音则属於低频率." "101","597","中高级","噪音","台湾机车的噪音管制标准是以下列何者作为区分?","排气量","厂牌","载重量","速度高低","1","依机动?辆噪音管制标准值附表,机车管制值是以排气量、原地或加速、出厂年(第几期)等,设定不同管制标准." "101","598","中高级","噪音","有噪音陈情时,测量噪音源若背景噪音太大,则应采取下列何种方式处理?","一律扣除背景音","一律不扣除背景音","若有现场人员配合,则量测后修正","以上皆非","3","各场所与设施负责人或现场人员应配合进行背景音量之测量,并应修正背景音量之影响;进行背景音量之测量时,负责人或现场人员无法配合者,即不须修正背景音量,并加以注明." "101","599","中高级","噪音","测量道路噪音的仪器,应在哪个高度进行测量?","头顶高度","脖子高度","耳朵高度","肚脐高度","3","测量道路噪音时,声音感应器置於离地面或楼板1.2—1.5公尺之间,接近人耳高度为宜." "101","600","中高级","噪音","下列可者对低频的叙述是正确的?","波长约100~10m","20~200Hz","多用作电台广播","可用HF表示","2","低频(LF),20~200Hz,其波长介於1.7~17.2公尺间,多用作卫星导航系统(差分全球定位系统)、国际广播以及AM广播等,另外亦可用作电波时计." "101","601","中高级","噪音","环境音量标准中,将一天分为几个时段进行管制?","二","三","四","五","2","依《环境音量标准》第二条的五项:时段区分,共分为日间、晚间、夜间." "101","602","中高级","噪音","下列何者是噪音计需要校正的理由?","受不同量测环境影响","受不同测试人员影响","受不同温度影响","受不同光源影响","1","噪音计需要校正的理由是因噪音计的?敏??因?同?测环境之影响而改变." "101","603","中高级","噪音","用麦克风演讲的音量,大约是多少分贝?","50分贝","60分贝","80分贝","120分贝","3","用麦克风演讲的音量,大约是80分贝左右." "101","604","中高级","环保标章","下列何者「不是」构成水足迹的三元素之一?","绿色水足迹","蓝色水足迹","灰色水足迹","白色水足迹","4","水足迹的计算,由三个部分组成,分别是绿色水足迹、?色水足迹、及灰色水足迹.其中,绿色水足迹代表商品生产过程中产生的蒸散量,?色水足迹则代表消耗的地表水或地下淡水量,灰色水足迹则指稀释生产中制造污染至标准水质所需要的用水量.三者加总即为水足迹." "101","605","中高级","环保标章","一般产品若有RoHS标示代表何种意义?","符合低碳的产品","符合节水的产品","符合限制有害物质之产品","符合绿建材产品","3","RoHS一共列出六种有害物质,包括:铅Pb,镉Cd,汞Hg,六价铬Cr6+,多溴二苯醚PBDE,多溴联苯PBB.RoHS是欧盟指令,但位於欧盟之外的EEE生产者若其产品最终的销售地为欧盟會员国则也必须遵守RoHS要求.指令之定义及诠释在欧盟各国内不应有差异,因此通过RoHS验证之企业其产品将可此经济体内通行无阻." "101","606","中高级","环保标章","碳足迹标章内之数值代表什麽意义?","数值越高越好","产品之生命周期总减碳的数值量","产品之生命周期总碳排放当量","仅代表二氧化碳的排放","3","碳足迹之意义是指产品或服务於生命周期过程,包括原料阶段,制造阶段,使用阶段,运输阶段及废弃处理阶段." "101","607","中高级","环保标章","下列哪一阶段有碳足迹?","材料使用","产品制造","产品运输","以上皆是","4","计算碳足迹包括产品或服务於生命周期过程,包括原料阶段,制造阶段,使用阶段,运输阶段及废弃处理阶段." "101","608","中高级","环境公平正义","永续社會的达成需确保世代间正义的落实,下列叙述何者「不正确」?","确保资源与能源的永续使用","鼓励与补助非再生能源及相关设施与物品的研发与使用","零废弃为愿景,订定各种废弃物的长期性减废目标","扩编海陆域的生态保护区并严格执行保护规範","2","永续社會的达成需确保代间正义的落实,最主要的目的就在於让当世代人在进行各种规划、决策与行为时,能考虑到这些决策与行为对於后代子孙福只的影响." "101","609","中高级","环境公平正义","依據永续社會原则,下列叙述何者正确?","社會及经济之发展应不超过环境承载力","社會之发展可不受限制","经济之发展可超过环境及社會承载力","环境承载力不需加以考量","1","永续社會以环境承载、平衡考量为原则,系指社會及经济之发展应不超过环境承载力." "101","610","中高级","环境公平正义","下列何者「不符合」永续发展的理念?","以环境保护为导向,降低人类生活品质","人类发展不超出环境承载力","发展绿色科技","促进地球村概念,加强国际合作","1","永续发展为经济发展与环境共同考量" "101","611","中高级","环境公平正义","下列何者「不是」保护弱势族群与团体的作法?","保障原住民土地与资源之传统使用及参与决策和管理权","确保经济与文化弱势之社會群体受到政府与私人企业符合於环境正义原则之对待","提供贷款给中小企业,以提高其竞争力","对於儿童、女性与老年人口之生存空间与生活所需给予特殊的关注","3","对於社會中最弱势群体给予最优先的照顾与考量,都是一个永续社會的首要之务.「环境正义」的基本理念也指出社會中最弱势者的生存领域往往成为自然环境最先被破坏与污染之处,而最终这也导致了环境破坏的持续扩散.台湾当前的社會最弱势者除了经济与文化的弱势社区(包括都市的贫困区域以及许多的偏远地区)之外,还包括原住民族群以及儿童、妇女与老年人口." "101","612","中高级","环境公平正义","「为环境资源的有限性与再生的限制性,因此对於环境保护的工作应以事先防备为要」此段叙述主要是说明环境权的何种特质?","国民共有","与后代子孙共享","预防重於治疗","跨国界","3","预防重於治疗的权利:引因为环境资源的有限性与再生的限制性,因此对於环境保护的工作应以事先防备为要." "101","613","中高级","环境公平正义","空污费徵收是符合下列何项叙述?","符合受益者付费原则","即默许排放者无线排放","符合污染者付费原则","符合污染者付费及受益者付费原则","3","污染造成的损失及费用由污染者承担,其费用通常包括消除污染费用及损害赔偿费用.举凡空污费、水污费等均属之." "101","614","中高级","环境公平正义","2000年印度哈里普尔社区发动反核非暴力抗争,其居民主要是争取什麽权力?","选举权","知识权","财产权","环境权","4","「环境正义」念化定义,「是一种追求权利平等、减少弱势族群受害且追求环境资源永续经营的思考与行径.」" "101","615","中高级","环境公平正义","关於永续发展与环境公平正义之关系,下列何者「错误」?","公众应多参与环境议题事务","不关乎后代子孙资源问题","应持续不间断的去进行","国际间应互相合作","2","『永续发展系指做到满足当代需求,同时不损及后代满足其需要之发展.』.因此,永续发展不仅要顾及当代的需要,即代内的公平与正义;同时不能损及后代的需要,即代间的公平与正义." "101","616","中高级","绿色产业","有关资源与能源应永续利用,下列何者「不是」再生能源?","潮汐能","地热","煤","风能","3","硫是煤最主要杂质之一,其通常以硫化物之形式出现於煤的燃烧生成物中.故美国政府均奖励生产低硫煤以减少污染." "101","617","中高级","环境公平正义","工厂生产后排放污染物需缴纳污染防治费,此主张乃根據何种原则?","污染者付费原则","比例分配原则","互不侵犯原则","选用原则","1","为使污染者符合公平原则,故为使其造成的污染进行负责." "101","618","中高级","环境影响评估","就环境影响评估政策而言,为保护环境之安全及永续利用,政府在开发土地前应对环境做出下列何种评估?","对地区是否带来繁荣","开发是否对环境造成影响","是否增加就业机會","对附近住宅地价是否有帮助","2","在开发土地之前要考虑到许多问题,例如了解当地环境、开发是否會对环境造成影响、拟定可能保护环境的措施等." "101","619","中高级","环境影响评估","重大工程开发案之土方开挖量与填方量不平衡时之因应方式,下列哪个选项「不是」开发单位应有的因应策略及评估?","尽量作到土方开挖量与填方量平衡","可由他处外购土方来达到平衡","可将多余土方量送至合法土资场收纳","可将多余土方量送至道路边坡吸纳","4","重大工程开发案之土方开挖量与填方量尽量能平衡,避免大量运送." "101","620","中高级","环境卫生","有关氡(Rn)致癌之叙述,下?何者「错误」?","在蜕变时发出α?子","和铀矿工之肺癌有关","大?石材较木材建材可能有较高之氡","氡以固体形态存於地表","4","氡是一种惰性气体是无色无味的,约8倍密度比在室温下空气吸入的放射性,非常放射毒性的致癌物." "101","621","中高级","环境卫生","化学物质有污染环境或危害人体健康之虞者,为第几?毒性化学物质?","第一?","第二?","第三?","第四?","4","化学物质有污染环境或危害人体健康之虞者为第四几?毒性化学物质." "101","622","中高级","环境卫生","婴儿饮用含有下?何种物质之饮用水會引起?婴症(Bluebaby)?","硝酸盐","磷酸盐","氰化物","多氯?苯","1","饮水中所含硝酸盐浓度高时(NO3->45mg/L),可能造成孕妇流产、蓝婴症(Methemoglobin)及癌症." "101","623","中高级","化学品管理","依據我国毒性化学物质分类,若属於在环境中不易分解,或因生物蓄积、生物浓缩、生物转化等作用,导致污染环境或危害人体健康的化学物质,被归类为?","第一类毒性化学物质","第二类毒性化学物质","第三类毒性化学物质","第四类毒性化学物质","1","针对毒性化学物质对於环境及人体的危害影响分类,所谓第一类毒性化学物质,系指化学物质在环境中不易分解,或因生物蓄积、生物浓缩、生物转化等作用,致污染环境或危害人体健康者." "101","624","中高级","环境检验","「环境荷尔蒙」又称为下列哪一种化学物质?","持久性污染物","致癌性污染物","蓄积性污染物","内分泌干扰物","4","「环境荷尔蒙」又称为「内分泌干扰物(EndocrineDisruptingChemicals,EDCs)」,根據美国环保署报告中所下之定义:「环境荷尔蒙」系指干扰负责维持生物体内恒定、生殖、发育或行为的内生荷尔蒙之外来物质,影响荷尔蒙的合成、分泌、传输、结合、作用及排除." "101","625","中高级","空气品质监测","空气污染物中的二氧化氮,其颜色为何?","蓝色","红棕色","黄色","绿色","2","二氧化氮为具刺激味道红棕色气体,易溶於水,与水反应为亚硝酸及硝酸,吸收阳光后分解成一氧化氮及氧,在空气中可氧化成硝酸盐,亦是造成雨水酸化原因之一." "101","626","中高级","空污","除了硫酸盐之外,下列哪一种化学物质是导致酸雨形成的主要化学成份?","氯离子","钠离子","硝酸盐","金属离子","3","空气中的硝酸根和硫酸根为主要的致酸物质,它们分别可由氮氧化物与硫氧化物转化而来." "101","627","中高级","废弃物管理","国际间为了减少有害废弃物的产生,并避免跨国运送时造成环境污染,乃订定哪一种公约或协定?","巴塞尔公约","京都议定书","蒙特娄议定书","华盛顿公约","1","国际间为减少有害废弃物的产生,并避免有害废弃物跨国运送时造成环境污染,乃拟订《巴塞尔公约》." "101","628","中高级","水污染","民国100年,台湾地区受轻度以下污染河川比率,为多少百分比?","43.67%","53.67%","63.67%","73.67%","4","全国河川水质变化,受降雨影响?量之影响呈波动型态,根據民国100年河川水质监测成果资?分析,受轻度以下污染河川比率为73.67%,较99年69.94%上升." "101","629","中高级","化学品管理","依據我国毒性化学物质分类,若化学物质经暴露后,将立即危害人体健康或生物生命者,被归类为?","第一类毒性化学物质","第二类毒性化学物质","第三类毒性化学物质","第四类毒性化学物质","3","针对毒性化学物质对於环境及人体的危害影响分类,所谓第三类毒性化学物质系指化学物质经暴露,将立即危害人体健康或生物生命者." "101","630","中高级","空气品质监测","空气污染物中的悬浮微粒,其对人体健康造成危害的主要因素在於什麽?","细微悬浮微粒會深入肺部组织","悬浮微粒會刺激眼睛","悬浮微粒會干扰能见度","悬浮微粒會导致器具脏污","1","悬浮微粒(PM10)系指粒径在10微米以下之粒子,又称浮游尘.由於粒径小於10微米以下之微粒,可深入人体肺部深处,同时若该粒子附著其他污染物,亦會加深对呼吸系统危害." "101","631","中高级","水质监测","环保署针对台湾地区河川进行水质监测,其例行检测每隔多久一次?","每周一次","每月一次","每季一次","每年一次","2","目前主要水质监测作业系由环保署环境监测及资讯处执行,现共有318个监测站,现行河川水质监测频率为每月一次." "101","632","中高级","空污","下列何者对於酸雨的描述「错误」?","pH值为4.5","衍生性污染物","具有跨区域影响特性","涉及层面广泛","1","酸雨为衍生性污染物且具有跨区域影响的特性,涉及层面广泛,其pH值为5.0." "101","633","中高级","水污染","放流水标准中的BOD是指放流水中何种污染物的最大限量?","悬浮物","重金属污染","生物可分解有机物","放射性物质","3","放流水标准中的BOD是指放流水中生物可分解有机物的最大限量." "101","634","中高级","职业安全卫生","石绵是一种公告列管毒性化学物质,它对人体最大的危害为何?","白血病","肝癌","矽肺症","肺癌","4","石绵是一种公告列管毒性化学物质,它对人体最大的危害造成肺癌." "101","635","中高级","清洁生产","EuP(能源使用产品生态化设计指令)的主要理念为下列何者?","生命周期思维","生态说明书","考虑成本效益","以上皆是","4","EuP的主要要求为(1)制造商必须以生命周期思维进行产品之环境绩效考量,盘查可量测的投入与产出;(2)将与产品相关之环境特性以量化方式建立生态说明书(eco-profile),确认是否有重大冲击;(3)以使用量及环境冲击较大之产品为对象,同时考虑成本效益.有关生态化设计之範疇,系包括生命周期之各期程-由原物料开采、制造、包装、运输、销售、安装、维护、使用、再利用到最终废弃均需纳入考量." "101","636","中高级","清洁生产","何者「不是」联合国环境规划署所定义之清洁生产目的?","永续发展","工业与环境的互利互荣与永续发展","增加生态效益","厂商为取得绿色工厂标章的措施","4","联合国环境规划署所定义之清洁生产是以持续地应用整体预防的环境策略於制程、产品及服务,以增加生态效益何减轻对人类健康与环境的风险,最终目的则是达到工业与环境的互利互荣与永续发展." "101","637","中高级","清洁生产","何者对於产品回收率的提升是「没有」帮助的?","选择单一材质作为零组件的原料","降低生产成本","产品设计应尽量避免使用将来不容易处理的材质","尽量选择在当地的生产市场可以回收再利用的物质","2","产品在设计阶段应优先考虑选择使用可回收的物质.同时公司在选择使用可回收物质前,需要事先了解将来可回收的物质有哪些、探讨这些可回收物质将来可以产生哪些较高品质的产品." "101","638","中高级","清洁生产","下列何者为政府在推行清洁生产时的重点?","对於企业给予财政补助","对於推行清洁生产之企业,给予税收减免等优惠","鼓励研究机构和高校的科技人员流向企业,开展技术创新","以上皆是","4","国外清洁生产的共通点:(1)对於企业推行清洁生产与技术提升,必须给予财政上的补助.(2)对於推行清洁生产较多的企业,给予税收减免等优惠.(3)制定政策以加速企业推行清洁生产,刺激企业的的技术改造和运用新技术、新设备.(4)鼓励研究机构和高校的科技人员流向企业,开展技术创新." "101","639","中高级","清洁生产","下列何者为绿色工厂标章的清洁生产中的「一阶指标项目」?","生产制造","环境化设计","绿色管理与社會责任","以上皆是","4","一般行业评估系统评分指标项目,包括一阶指标项目生产制造、环境化设计、绿色管理及社會责任、创新及其他,其中前三项为必要性指标,最后一项为选择性指标." "101","640","中高级","清洁生产","下列哪一项「不是」清洁生产的主要目标?","增加整个产品对环境冲击","降低污染排放","节省各个制程资源使用","减少排放物及废弃物的?与毒性","1","清洁生产目标包括:制程(节?能源、?用有毒原?、减少排放物及废弃物的?与毒性)、产品(减少整个产品对环境冲击)、服务(设计与消费中提供生命周期观?,以瞭解产品产生的经济效?与环境冲击)." "101","641","中高级","清洁生产","下列何者是清洁生产的主要工作?","评估产品的能源管理效率","评估产品的污染控制","评估产品的工程与制造","以上皆是","4","3M的3P协调委员會主要评估工作:(1)工程,(2)环境,(3)能源管理,(4)国际化,(5)污染控制,(6)制造." "101","642","中高级","文化保存","下列何者是苗栗县造桥乡的文湖铁道的特色?","该砌石边坡为原纵贯铁道之路基,砌石具当时工匠特色","为荷治时期海岸线铁道之路基","为林业发展所建","旧山线纵贯铁路的最高点","1","谈文湖铁道砌石边坡位於苗栗县造桥乡,於民国99(2010)年4月29日,经苗栗县政府公告登录为文化景观类文化资产,为苗栗县重要之铁道工程遗迹及历史文化资产." "101","643","中高级","海洋污染","美国佛罗里达的珊瑚礁海域,发现近30年珊瑚产生白化现象,连原本依赖珊瑚而生的鱼群也不见.其现象主要是受到下列哪一个因素影响?","过度捕捞","沿岸开发","被大量海藻覆盖","海洋酸化","3","最近有海洋专家,在美国佛罗里达的珊瑚礁海域,发现短短30年的时间,珊瑚因为被大量海藻覆盖,产生白化现象,连原本依赖珊瑚而生的鱼群,也跟著不见了." "101","644","中高级","海洋污染","至2008年为止,下列哪一个区域是全球最大的海洋死区?","东海","墨西哥湾","几内亚湾","阿拉斯加湾","2","2008年8月发表在《科学》期刊的研究指出,1910年期间科学家开始注意到低氧海洋地区,当时在全球只发现四个区域;但是到了2008年,全球各大洲沿岸已经遍布了405个区域,其中面积最大的就是墨西哥湾的死区." "101","645","中高级","职业安全卫生","「劳工健康保护规则」中规定,噪音在多少分贝以上,则属於「特别危害健康之作业」?","80分贝","85分贝","90分贝","95分贝","2","「劳工健康保护规则」中规定,噪音在多少85分贝以上属於「特别危害健康之作业」." "101","646","中高级","人口健康","在夏季,环境脏乱容易造成登革热疫情,下列有关登革热的叙述何者「错误」?","感染者會有发烧的症状","为预防病媒,应在住屋加装纱窗、纱门","主要是经由埃及斑蚊、白线斑蚊叮吮而感染","感染后就一定不會再感染","4","登革热主要因人被带有登革热病毒的病媒蚊叮咬而感染,如:埃及斑蚊、白线斑蚊,且會有发烧、头痛等症状产生,另外,积水处易孳生蚊子,所以要定时清理.有些人感染到登革热病毒并不會生病,有些人仅发烧轻微症状.感染某一型登革病毒患者,对该型病毒具有终身免疫,而对其他型别仅具有短暂的免疫力,之后还有可能再感染." "101","647","中高级","人口健康","糖尿病患者正确的饮食习惯以下何者「错误」?","低糖","高糖","高纤维","低脂肪","2","糖尿病患者的胰脏所制造的胰岛素不足,或是其分泌的胰岛素无法正常运作.不论何种情况,没有了胰岛素,细胞就无法获得所需的葡萄糖.而葡萄糖聚积在血管内的结果,将會导致血液中的葡萄糖浓度不断增加,而细胞们却在「挨饿」.糖尿病个案饮食应为少糖、高纤维、低脂肪." "101","648","中高级","温室气体减量","为甚麽自然的温室效应,对於地球环境而言是重要的?","因为避免温室气体过度排放","因为能够保存大气的热量","因为能够让海平面维持不变","因为能够让全球地表温度持续上升","2","自然的温室效应让大气层形成温室一般,让里头保存太阳的热量,使地球能够自然调节温度.若没有大气层,地表温度會在被照射时急遽升高,而不被太阳照射时却急遽下降." "101","649","中高级","原住民","达悟族的捕鱼文化,如何展现符合生态保育的观念?","只捕捞飞鱼,吃单一鱼种","按时节捕捞不同的鱼","大量捕捞并贩卖的飞鱼","只捕捞飞鱼的幼鱼","2","达悟人视飞鱼为上苍赐予的神圣物品,因此要以敬畏戒慎的心情对待.在不同的月份用不同的方式捕不同的鱼类不仅调节了海洋鱼类的生态,而吃飞鱼的季节限制也遏止了滥捕、贪婪的情况发生." "101","650","中高级","原住民","关於原住民族土地,以下叙述何者是「不正确」的?","系指原住民族之传统领域","系指既有原住民保留地","系指原住民私人或团体购买拥有的土地","以上皆是","3","依據《原住民族基本法》第二条规定原住民族土地:系指原住民族传统领域土地及既有原住民保留地." "101","651","中高级","原住民","关於原住民得在原住民族地区依法从事之采集、狩猎与土石、应用水资源行为中,何者「不正确」?","仅能为非营利使用","仅能在原住民族地区","以传统文化、祭仪或自用为限","事前申请许可即可不受限制","4","依據《原住民族基本法》第十九条原住民仅能在原住民族地区,依法从事下列非营利行为:(1)猎捕野生动物.(2)采集野生植物及菌类.(3)采取矿物、土石.(4)利用水资源.前项各款,以传统文化、祭仪或自用为限." "101","652","中高级","原住民","聚會所(Kuba)是邹族进行祭祀仪式的重地.下列关於聚會所的叙述,何者为「错误」?","为长老會议的开會场所","为女子教育训练的中心","男子出征狩猎的集散之所","部落公共事务的公告处","2","Kuba是邹族进行祭祀仪式的重地、长老會议的开會场所、部落公共事务的公告处、男子教育训练的中心、男子出征狩猎的集散之所.Kuba是由十余根圆木住立起、茅草盖屋顶的椭圆形伞状建筑物,严禁妇女触碰即进入.Kuba旁边必定有一颗赤榕,赤榕为邹族的神树,传说Mayasvi(战祭)中天神与军神降临的天梯就是Kuba旁的赤榕树." "101","653","中高级","空气品质监测","针对一个国家、区域、公司、事业单位等所有活动,所产生的空气污染物排放总量,称为下列何者?","空气污染排放清册","空气污染排放系数","空气污染排放减量","空气污染排放管理","1","排放清册系指国家、区域或公司/事业单位等所有活动产生的污染排放总量,所涵盖的污染源包括:权轄範围区域内的所有固定污染源及移动污染源,或点、面、线及自然源(含生物源、火山爆发、海盐飞沫...)等." "101","654","中高级","空气品质监测","为提昇环境品质及维护国人健康,环保署将针对下列何者纳入管制?","PM2.5","PM10","CO","O3","1","环保署於民国101年5月发布欲修正空气品质标准,增订PM2.5空气品质标准以提昇环境品质及维护国人健康." "101","655","中高级","空气品质监测","下列哪一种紫外线指数等级,具有较高的伤害性?","UVI=2","UVI=4","UVI=6","UVI=8","4","我国依據紫外线对人体健康的影响将紫外线指数(UVI)分级:其中指数小於等於2的为微量级、指数3~5为低量级,指数6~7为中量级,指数8~10为过量级,指数大於等於11以上则为危险级." "101","656","中高级","空气品质监测","下列何者是政府针对移动污染源提出的管制政策?","针对电力业排放硫氧化物徵收空污费","针对废弃物焚化炉订定管制标准","订定「固定污染源空气污染物排放标准」","发布「车用汽柴油成分管制标准」","4","在移动污染源方面,除了逐期加严机动车辆排放空气污染物标准之外,并以管制油品之含硫量方式,在民国98年7月29日发布「车用汽柴油成分管制标准」." "101","657","中高级","空气品质监测","设置於工业区之盛?风下风处的监测站,属於下列哪一类空气品质监测站?","一般测站","工业测站","交通测站","背景测站","2","「工业空气品质监测站」设置於工业区之盛?风下风处,以提供因工业区污染排放对空气品质影响之资讯." "101","658","中高级","空气品质监测","环保署空气品质监测站进行监测仪器校正时,除了采用标准气体外,还會使用哪种气体进行校正?","氧气","零气体","臭氧","二氧化碳","2","环保署空气品质监测站使用设备为24小时自动?续监测,每小时除将监测资?透过?據线?自动传回监测中心处?外,另具备每日自动校正功能,透过电脑程式控制,每日对各监测仪器定时使用标准气体及?气体进?校正,以确保监测?據之准确性." "101","659","中高级","海洋污染","根據《海洋污染防治法》,其所指称之中央主管机关为何?","内政部","经济部","农委會","环保署","4","海洋污染防治法所称主管机关,在中央为行政院环境保护署,在直轄市为直轄市政府,在县(市)为县(市)政府." "101","660","中高级","海洋污染","「过去台湾西南沿海常传出某养殖动物大量死亡,经证实是工业废水惹的祸,主因为工厂排出的化学废料的铜含量过高.」以上述及的动物,最有可能为下列何者?","牡犡","吴郭鱼","福寿螺","鰤鱼","1","?牡犡与海水及?积物中的铜物种有密?的关系.台湾在西南沿海,四、五月分也常发生养殖的牡蠣及文蛤大量死亡,经证实也是工业废水惹出的祸害.因为,十一月到隔年的四、五月是南部乾季,工厂排出的化学废料特别容易在河川中沈积,当四、五月的雨季来临时,沈积多时的化学废料经由河川一股脑地排入海水中,结果造成沿岸养殖业巨大的损失." "101","661","中高级","海洋污染","下列哪一种生物族群的生产?可比拟热带雨??","藻礁","石沪","珊瑚礁","岛礁","3","珊瑚礁是海洋中生产?很高的生态系,有「海洋热带雨?」之称,故对於珊瑚礁区域的保育,也已成为国际间防治海洋污染的重要议题." "101","662","中高级","海洋污染","当海域水体发生优养化时,将促使海洋环境中藻?的大?繁殖,常可发现下列哪一种现象?","赤潮","珊瑚白化","圣婴现象","共生现象","1","当大?无机营养盐?积在海洋环境中,會造成海域水体优养化,促使海洋环境中藻?的大?繁殖,发生所谓的「赤潮(redtide)」现象." "101","663","中高级","空污","《蒙特娄议定书》之签署,主要希望能够保护下列哪一项地球环境?","北极冰原","地球臭氧层","酸化土壤","德国黑森林","2","臭氧层破坏攸关全球生态环境议题,联合国环境规划署(UNEP)於1985年签订维也纳公约,承诺保护臭氧层与研拟因应对策.1987年更进一步签署具《蒙特娄议定书》,致力於减少生产及使用破坏臭氧层物质." "101","664","中高级","空污","下列何者「不是」石化工厂的?散主要排放源?","挥发性有机液体储槽","压力槽","设备元件","废水处理场","2","?油及石化工厂的?散主要排放源有包括(1)挥发性有机液体储槽.(2)挥发性有机液体装载操作设施.(3)设备元件.(4)废水处?厂." "101","665","中高级","空污","市区环境中以种植植物绿化为主,藉以达到改善空气品质,提昇生活环境品质等目的区域常称之为什麽?","空气污染缓冲区","空气品质净化区","空气污染防制区","空气品质管制区","2","所谓「空气品质净化区」系指任何地区(包括人工地盘)以种植植物绿化为主或设置其他相关的设施(例如简易步道、环境解说设施),以达到改善空气品质、提昇生活环境品质、提供休闲、生态与环境教育和资源永续利用之目的." "101","666","中高级","空污","对於在特殊气象条件下,长时间持续空气品质严重恶化的现象,称之为什麽?","工安事件","光化学烟雾","空气污染事件","温室效应","3","所谓「空气污染事件」系指在特殊气象通风与扩散条件下,持续性地(超过一天以上)引起空气品质严重恶化的现象." "101","667","中高级","空污","对於产生粉尘之裸露地、露天燃烧及农业操作等污染源,常被归类为下列何者?","逸散污染源","移动污染源","固定污染源","挥发性污染源","1","空气污染中的逸散污染源,指没有设置排放管道,直接将粒状污染物排放於大气中之物理或化学操作单元,包括排放粒状污染物之工厂制程作业引起扬尘之车辆行驶、产生粉尘之营建工程施工、裸露地、露天燃烧及农业操作等." "101","668","中高级","空污","酸雨其正确的名称应为酸性沉降,下列哪一种属於乾酸沉降?","酸雹","酸雪","酸雾","酸落尘","4","酸雨正确的名称应为「酸性沉降」,它可分为「湿沉降」与「乾沉降」两大类.前者系指所有气状污染物或粒状污染物,随著雨、雪、雾或雹等降水型态而落到地面者,后者则系指在不下雨的日子,从空中降下来的落尘所带的酸性物质而言." "101","669","中高级","空污","凡因建筑物内空气污染导致人体异常症状,常被归属於下列哪一种疾病?","病态建筑物症候群","退伍军人症","严重急性呼吸系统综合症","禽流感","1","世界卫生组织(WHO)於1982年,将「病态建筑物症候群」定义为「凡因建筑物内空气污染导致人体异常症状,如神经毒性症状(含眼,鼻,喉头感到刺激等),不好的味道,气喘发作等.」?" "101","670","中高级","空污","对於一氧化碳的叙述,下列何者正确?","全部来自石化燃料的不完全燃烧","空气污染指标之一","无色无味,比空气重","与血红素的氧气亲和力低","2","除森林火灾、甲烷氧化及生物活动等自然现象产生外,主要来自石化等燃料之不完全燃烧产生,无色无味,比空气轻,并与血红素的亲和力比氧气大得多." "101","671","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","水田土壤受到镉污染后,其污染土壤之主要途径为何?","灌溉水受到临近工厂排放镉污染物质之影响","受到临近工厂空气中排放镉污染物质之影响","人为置放镉固体废弃物於农田之影响","人为放置镉粉","1","根據台湾污染调查,水田土壤受到镉污染后,其污染土壤之主要途径主要为灌溉水受到临近工厂排放镉污染物质之影响." "101","672","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","评估可利用超级累积植物吸收移除污染土壤中重金属,土壤污染程度为何?","轻微污染区","中度污染区","严重污染区","任何污染区","1","由於利用超级累积植物吸收移除污染土壤中重金属之速度很慢,对高度污染土壤整治需很久,因此仅对低度污染土壤有效." "101","673","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","一般地下水硝酸盐的含量是以下列何者作为标准?","氧","氢","氮","氦","3","一般地下水硝酸盐的含量以氮来表示的标准,须在每公升0mg(10ppm)以下.超过这标准时,则对人体有危害." "101","674","中高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","国内列管的土壤及地下水控制及整治场址截至100年底,以下列哪一个县市最多?","连江县","桃园县","台中市","台东县","2","国内列管的土壤及地下水控制及整治场址截至100年底共655笔,其中又以桃园县最多、台中市次之,而台东县及连江县则无污染控制或整治场址." "101","675","中高级","文化保存","台湾原住民族多具有极高的音乐艺术表现,下列何者为布农族的民族传统音乐?","八部合音","口鼻笛","口簧琴","和声合音","1","布农族的合音唱法是他们自古流传至今的歌谣,在人类文化尚未发达前,就有如此复杂丰富的合音现象,实在是一件不可思议的事,这对於以前有关音乐起源的理论与学说,都是一个很大的挑战与否证.布农族人自称pasibutbut为「八部音合唱曲」." "101","676","中高级","原住民","鲁凯族因应气候变化及在地取材模式所建造出的會呼吸的房子为何?","半穴居","石板屋","毛胚屋","咾咕石屋","2","台湾原住民的房子大多因应自然环境需求在地取材,运用南台湾山区常见的灰黑色板岩建筑的房子,因石板可以挡风,石板间隙又可以通风,成为冬暖夏凉的好居所." "101","677","中高级","原住民","家屋构筑格式主要可分为半竖穴式木屋与平地竹屋,为下列哪一族人传统的住居型态?","排湾族","鲁凯族","布农族","泰雅族","4","半竖穴式木屋与平地竹屋为泰雅族传统的两种家屋建筑型态." "101","678","中高级","原住民","以下何者「不是」鲁凯族的狩猎规定?","云豹是鲁凯族的神圣动物,不可狩猎","猎杀小动物是小人的行为","狩猎的季节集中在夏季","熊虽然可以猎杀,但是會引来疾病的报应","3","(1)动物种类以山羌、鹿、山猪、山羊及熊为主,其它小动物如兔、飞鼠等不列入狩猎的成绩.鲁凯族男人认为猎杀小动物是小人行为.(2)熊可以打,但是熊肉限制特定的人才能吃,小孩不能吃,猎得熊的人虽然會被肯定是英雄,但是會引来疾病的报应.(3)云豹在鲁凯族是禁止狩猎的动物.狩猎季节多在农闲的乾季,约当於每年10至次年2月." "101","679","中高级","职业安全卫生","长期接触或??於重?属下會造成健康上的影响,并引发疾病.下?各项组合中,哪一组之因果相关性最低?","锰-巴金森氏症候群","汞-水俣病","铬-致畸胎","砷-乌脚病","3","根據位於圣路易的华盛顿大学医学部科学家一项分析,都市区域高浓度的锰和铜污染會增加罹患巴金森氏症风险.水俣病是因为工厂排出有机汞废水,经由鱼贝类而使日本水俣市人民中毒的事件.乌脚病是属於血管疾病中因末梢动脉血管硬化所造成的并非传染所致,有时也會发生在手指即所谓乌手病.铬并不會有致畸胎作用." "101","680","中高级","职业安全卫生","石绵经公告为致癌物后,相关作业多改用玻璃纤维替代,此种作法属何种控制方法?","变更生产作业方法以达资源节省","以低毒性物质代替高毒性物质","以低价格之物质代替高价格之物质","以高科技研发之产品取代原有的产品","2","石绵是致癌物,故相关作业现多改用玻璃纤维替代,此种作法属替代控制方法." "101","681","中高级","职业安全卫生","一般认为职业事故发生的主要原因为何?","工作场所脏乱","工作场所噪音干扰","工作场所的照明不佳","工作人员的不安全动作或行为","4","对於职业灾害发生原因之分析,大致可区分为:直接原因及间接原因之探讨.而间接原因主要再分成两因素,其一为,不安全行为(动作),其二为,不安全状况(环境).,所谓不安全行为:主要系指人的问题,一般系指属於人为因素引起,由於当事人缺乏知识及技术、不正确态度、生理上不适合等个人问题." "101","682","中高级","职业安全卫生","电镀作业易使劳工暴露於下列何种形态之铬而造成鼻中膈穿孔?","烟雾","粉尘","雾滴","燻烟","3","电镀作业易使劳工暴露於铬酸所形成的雾滴(mist)而造成鼻中膈穿孔." "101","683","中高级","职业安全卫生","我国目前高温作业劳工作息时间标准,温度以何指数为标准?","热舒适指数","热危害指数","综合温度热指数","热适应指数","3","我国目前高温作业劳工作息时间标准,温度以综合温度热指数为标准." "101","684","中高级","职业安全卫生","下列有关职业病的叙述,何者「错误」?","隧道及地下捷运工人易罹患潜水夫症","打字员、职业钢琴师易导致白指症","蓄电池工易罹铅中毒","熔接工、玻璃成型工易导致白内障","2","打字员、职业钢琴师易导致腕隧道症候群.白指症为手部长期暴露於振动及寒冷环境下所造成,故常见於寒冷环境中使用振动手工具的工人." "101","685","中高级","职业安全卫生","下列何者「不是」属於化学窒息剂?","氰化氢","氨","硫化氢","一氧化碳","2","化学性窒息剂:主要有一氧化碳、氰化物、硫化氢三种,一氧化碳与血红素的结合能力较氧高200倍以上,容易造成组织缺氧而危害人体;氰化物及硫化氢则是會抑制人体细胞氧化酵素,使细胞呼吸受到抑制引起组织缺氧." "101","686","中高级","职业安全卫生","下列有关铅的生物侦测的叙述何者「错误」?","有机铅化合物的吸收,主要是由皮肤吸收","循环中的铅,90%會与红血球结合","90%的铅會最后储存於骨骼","有机铅的??,最好的侦测指标则是血中铅浓?","4","有机铅的??,最好的侦测指标则是尿中铅浓?." "101","687","中高级","职业安全卫生","关於半导体工厂内引起化学性灼伤较严重的物质为下列何者?","二硫化碳","正己烷","氨气","氢氟酸","4","氢氟酸的应用从冷冻、腐蚀、玻璃磨光、制陶业到大理石的洗涤、化学肥料、杀虫剂、染料、塑胶、溶剂、冷凝剂、高辛烷石油原料的制造、半导体工业、微电子回路的制造、石英晶体制造,家中除锈剂、光亮剂及洗涤剂等均含有其成份.氢氟酸是弱酸,但高浓度下仍會造成化学烧伤." "101","688","中高级","职业安全卫生","热危害中系由於大脑皮质血液供应不足而造成的虚脱状态,系为下列何种热危害症状?","热衰竭","失水","热痉挛","热中暑","1","热危害中系由於大脑皮质血液供应不足而造成的虚脱状态,系为热衰竭热危害症状." "101","689","中高级","人口健康","有关2013年中国报告的H7N9感染人类案例,下列叙述何者为「错误」?","发现感染案例后,一周内立即有疫苗开始生产","勤洗手重视手的卫生可预防感染","重视呼吸系统的卫生可预防感染","重视食物安全卫生可预防感染","1","中国在2013年初至2013年4月8日,尚无疫苗可预防H7N9感染人类." "101","690","中高级","人口健康","有关爱滋病与人类免疫缺乏病毒(HIV)之叙述,以下何者「错误」?","人类免疫缺乏病毒感染免疫系统的细胞,破坏或减损细胞功能","爱滋病(AIDS),是一种经由性行为、血液或母子垂直传染的疾病","爱滋病就是后天免疫缺乏症候群(AcquiredImmunodeficiencySyndrome,AIDS)的简称","如果妈妈确定为爱滋病毒病患感染者,仍可喂母乳","4","结核病是人类免疫缺乏病毒感染者的主要死因." "101","691","中高级","人口健康","有关喝酒之叙述,下列何者正确?","酒精滥用是指因喝酒导致个人健康、人际关系或工作能力受到伤害","酒精只伤肝,但不影响身体其他器官","喝啤酒比喝烈酒安全","小孩和青少年可以饮酒","1","酒精只伤肝且影响身体其他器官,喝啤酒量多仍不安全,小孩和青少年任何状况下皆不可以饮酒." "101","692","中高级","人口健康","在台湾,下列哪一类学校吸菸率最高?","普通高中","综合高中","职业高中","夜校","4","根據调查,四类中夜校吸菸盛行率最高." "101","693","中高级","人口健康","有关疫苗之叙述,下列何者「错误」?","不活化疫苗和较少的有害作用有关","不活化疫苗产生的免疫力随时间而减弱,因此需追加剂量","活性减毒疫苗引起的免疫反应只限於体液免疫","理想疫苗提供的保护长达数年,最长甚至可以终生","3","活性减毒疫苗引起的免疫反应包括体液免疫和细胞免疫." "101","694","中高级","人口健康","有关食品安全之叙述,下列何者正确?","真空包装的食物皆是无菌的可安心食用","食用前要削皮的水果,不必先洗.","食物用保鲜膜覆盖直接用微波加热既方便又安全","购买食品注意包装、贮放条件和保存期限","4","真空包装的食物未确保无菌注意贮放条件才可安心食用,水果食前先洗,高温避免使用保鲜膜" "101","695","中高级","人口健康","因台湾地区各地环境不同,登革热案例较常出现在哪一地区?","高雄","台东","花莲","宜兰","1","由於降雨及温度等环境因素的影响,台湾登革热案例在高雄出现较多." "101","696","中高级","人口健康","提供安全的饮用水,可预防什麽儿童疾病?","腹泻","营养过剩","脑膜炎","口腔癌","1","安全的供水可预防儿童死於腹泻、营养失调、寄生虫等疾病." "101","697","中高级","低碳永续家园","下列何者是黄金十年永续环境之主轴?","绿能减碳","生态家园","灾害防救","以上皆是","4","黄金十年在永续环境上施政主轴包括下列三项:(1)绿能减碳:加速产业结构转型,发展低碳能源,推广再生能源设置,促进节能省水绿生活.(2)生态家园:推动国土规划及流域管理,资源循环,去污保育,迈向健康永续的生态家园.(3)灾害防救:推动气候变迁调适,核能安全防护,整体性治山防洪,强化灾害预警及疏散撤离能量,建构安全的环境." "101","698","中高级","低碳永续家园","我国政府在再生能源之规划,以下何者「错误」?","鼔励沼气发电","鼔励小型风力发电","日本福岛核灾后已停止地热发电奬励","规划打造阳光屋顶百万座","3","为鼓励再生能源多元化发展,经济部能源局拟订沼气发电、小型风力发电、地热发电等的示範奖励办法,鼓励各界踊跃投入利用更广泛的再生能源资源.日本福岛核灾后,积极检讨国内扩大再生能源推广的可行性,目前选定沼气发电、小型风力发电、地热发电等项目." "101","699","中高级","低碳永续家园","在台湾架设太阳能板时,我们应注意什麽事项?","台湾在北回归线上,板面朝南可以得到最大效益","场地周围应有高楼保护","周围应有树林遮蔽避免太热","周围应有高物遮蔽,以免直接照射","1","太阳光电板架设原则:由於台湾位於北回归线上,太阳行进的轨迹會在台湾的南方,所以架设太阳能光电板将板面朝南可以得到最大效益.架设太阳光电板的场地周围,须避免高楼、树林或其他有可能遮蔽太阳光照射太阳光电板的高物遮蔽物,以利太阳光电板可以完全的接收太阳光达到最大的发电效益." "101","700","中高级","低碳永续家园","新北市三峡有一座碳中和乐园,所谓「碳中和」是指什麽?","用碳去进行酸硷中和作用","用碳吸附空气中酸性气体","把碳由中和带到三峡园区放置","计算碳排放,消耗量与减低量相互抵消","4","三峡碳中和乐园之园区将每位入住绿能树屋民众的碳足迹(根據用电量、消耗的汽油、用水量及产生的垃圾),加以计算碳排放,再与园区沼气发电、樱花林木、树木银行、温网室植栽、雨水回收等所减少的排碳量相互抵销,进行「碳中和」." "101","701","中高级","空污","办公室事务机应放在较为通风之处,是因为它主要會产生下列何种空气污染物?","臭氧","一氧化碳","甲醛","二氧化碳","1","主要的室内空气污染源:办公室事务机主要产生臭氧." "101","702","中高级","空污","下列何者「不是」室内甲醛的主要来源?","油漆与涂料","办公室事务机","合板与隔板","清洁剂与立可白","2","清洁产品主要产生甲醛等挥发性有机物.使用杀虫剂、特殊清洁剂、发胶、油漆、立可白等用品,皆是室内挥发性有机污染物的来源.油漆及涂料主要产生甲醛等挥发性有机物;办公室事务机主要产生臭氧.室内装潢时所用的合板与隔板,因使用含有甲醛树脂的接合剂,會刺激皮肤及黏膜." "101","703","中高级","空污","下列何者是国家公园空气品质监测站应测定的项目?","风向、风速","铅","交通流量","毒性污染物","1","国家公园空气品质监测站应测定之项目包括(1)悬浮微粒(2)硫氧化物(3)一氧化碳(4)氮氧化物(5)臭氧(6)风向、风速." "101","704","中高级","空污","机车出厂满五年每年应做一次排气定检,若未收到定检通知单怎麽办?","不用定检","仍可持行车执照去定检站检验","自费定检","以上皆非","2","(1)机车车主可持环保局寄发之定检通知单及行车执照,至环保局认可委托之定检站办理定期检验.(2)未接获定检通知之车主,仍可持行车执照,至定检站完成排气检验." "101","705","中高级","空污","机车车籍登记在某县市,但机车目前在其他县市使用,接到定检通知时该如何办理?","可就近找任一环保局委托之定检站检验","必须至车籍所在地定检站检验","必须在使用地之定检站检验","以上皆非","1","机车定检可以前往住家附近任何一家环保局委托之定检站即可." "101","706","中高级","空污","以下对酒精汽油之敍述,下列何者「错误」?","具有高辛烷值可提高汽油的抗爆性","酒精含氧量高,使燃烧效率提高","减少燃烧不完全所造成的废气污染","不會对汽车材料中铜及锌腐蚀性","4","生质酒精具有高辛烷值可提高汽油的抗爆性,而且酒精含氧量高燃烧效率高,所以减少燃烧不完全所造成的废气污染及二氧化碳排放.生质酒精对汽车材料中铜及锌會具有腐蚀性,对橡胶等弹性材料會造成老化等现象,应注意其适用性." "101","707","中高级","空污","加油站中贩售95无铅汽油,其中95是指下列何者?","其辛烷值(抗震爆性)为95","其中加生质柴油95%","其中加上95%的水","只能加到油箱容量的95%","1","辛烷值乃测定汽油抗震爆能力之指标,92无铅汽油辛烷值为92,95无铅汽油辛烷值为95;98无铅汽油辛烷值为98." "101","708","中高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","下列有关辐射之敍述何者正确?","非游离辐射较游离辐射能量强","微波较无线电波强","电磁场能量较光波能量强","电磁场无热效应也不會使温度升高","4","辐射依能量的强弱分为三种:(1)游离辐射:能量最强,可破坏生物细胞分子,如X光及γ射线.(2)非游离辐射:1.能量弱,不足以破坏生物细胞分子,但會有热效应,會使温度升高,例如微波、光.2.能量最弱,不足以破坏生物细胞分子,无热效应也不會使温度升高,例如电磁场、无线电波." "101","709","中高级","空污","我国火力电厂燃烧产生的颗粒状污染物(悬浮微粒),通常如何处理?","可直接排出","利用静电集尘器去除,其排气符合环保法规","因环保法规未有限制,所以自订标准处理","用大量水直接冲洗后再排气","2","台电公司除在空间许可的电厂装设最先进的空气污染防治设备如:静电集尘器、脱硝、烟气除硫等设备处理,使污染物排放降至最低,并符合环保法规." "101","710","中高级","文化保存","传统美浓的油纸伞,为何又被称为「黑油伞」?","用黑色的伞骨制成,呈黑红色","纸伞价格非常昂贵,以黑金色为主","制造过程中将伞置放在锅内和桐油一起煮","伞面呈现黑色,是因为染料调配的关系","4","传统美浓的油纸伞又叫「黑油伞」,伞面呈现黑色,是因为染料调配的关系,制造过程中将锅底的一层黑炭刮下后与桐油一起煮.而制造纸伞的工具包括刀、刷子、槌子、针等." "101","711","中高级","温室气体减量","碳交易主要是交易何种温室气体的排放量?","HCHO","CO2","CO","CH4","2","碳交易是《京都协议书》为促进全球减少温室气体排放,以国际公法作为依據的温室气体排减量交易.在6种被要求排减的温室气体中,二氧化碳(CO2)为最大宗,所以这种交易以每吨二氧化碳当量(tCO2e)为计算单位,所以通称为「碳交易」." "101","712","中高级","温室气体减量","下列叙述何者「错误」?","温室效应的气体中,最主要的是二氧化碳","温室气体污染物来源主要是畜牧业","正常情况下水蒸气才是地球上最重要之温室效应气体","温室效应會使全球气温节节上升","2","造成温室效应的气体中,最主要的是二氧化碳,其次是氧化亚氮、甲烷和氟氯碳化物及臭氧,这些污染物主要是燃烧石化原料(例如:煤、石油)所产生的." "101","713","中高级","温室气体减量","下列叙述何者正确?","氟氯碳化物只會破坏臭氧层,与温室效应无关","温室效应是温室气体拦截地球表面反射的紫外线","温室气体的增加,加强了温室效应,是造成全球暖化的主要原因","温室效应是太阳一直放出过多的热所造成的","3","温室气体的增加,加强了温室效应,是造成全球暖化的主要原因,已成为世界各国家的共识,也是一种全球性的污染,《京都协议书》正是为了采取措施减少温室气体排放,由联合国发起,世界各国达成的协议." "101","714","中高级","温室气体减量","「某温室气体多属天然排放,自然界的生物厌氧腐解作用时會排放,如水体流动性不高之湖泊、湿地等均有较高贡献」,以上描述是指下列何种气体?","二氧化碳","甲烷","氧化亚氮","氢氟碳化物","2","甲烷(CH4)多属天然排放,自然界的生物厌氧腐解作用本會有CH4之排放,如水体流动性不高之湖泊、湿地等均有较高贡献.而人为活动造成的CH4排放因素则有自然水体受生活污水及工业废水的污染、农业畜牧活动及工业制造程序等." "101","715","中高级","温室气体减量","台湾将哪一年订为节能减碳年?","2013年","2010年","2007年","2004年","2","台湾将2010年订为「节能减碳年」,正是我国以全球最新观点,检视目前因应气候变迁相关策略,启动适合我国情需求之温室气体国家适当减缓行动." "101","716","中高级","温室气体减量","有关二氧化碳的减量,下列何者为CCS的中文名称?","课徵碳税","发展洁净的替代能源","预燃、氧燃烧技术","二氧化碳捕集与封存","4","二氧化碳捕集与封存(carbondioxidecaptureandstorage)技术的应用,简称CCS技术." "101","717","中高级","温室气体减量","限制温室气体的排放的主要作用是什麽?","大气的逆辐射作用","大气对太阳散射作用","大气对地面辐射的吸收作用","大气对太阳辐射的反射","3","减少温室气体可以减少吸收来自地表的红外线." "101","718","中高级","化学品管理","?虫剂名称中常以「XX?」称呼的是下列何种?虫剂?","有机氯系杀虫剂","氨基甲酸剂","合成除虫菊剂","有机磷系杀虫剂","3","人工合成除虫菊精:例如百灭宁、第灭宁、治灭宁、赛芬宁、亚列宁、赐百宁、依芬宁等,为仿照天然除虫菊精分子构造,以人工合成之杀虫剂." "101","719","中高级","化学品管理","?虫剂名称中常以「XX丹」称呼的是下列何种?虫剂?","有机氯系杀虫剂","氨基甲酸剂","合成除虫菊剂","有机磷系杀虫剂","2","氨基甲酸盐类杀虫剂:例如安丹、拜贡等,亦为神经杀胆硷酯中毒杀虫剂,毒性中等,残效较长." "101","720","中高级","化学品管理","下列哪一种行为是属於伪造环境用药的情形?","超过有效期限","擅自添加著色剂","有效成分含量与容许误差範围不符","掺杂或抽换国内外产品","4","伪造环境用药包括(1)未经中央主管机关核准而制造、加工、输入.(2)掺杂或抽换国内外产品.(3)涂改或变?有效期间标示.(4)所含有效成分种?与核准?符." "101","721","中高级","化学品管理","何太太因错误使用杀虫药,导致全身无力头晕噁心等症状,当何太太被送进医院后,医生首先要知道下列何种资讯?","杀虫剂的种类","杀虫剂的剂量","杀虫剂的浓度","杀虫剂的品牌","1","市面上的杀虫剂种类很多,且其用途及成份各有不同,如不当使用杀虫剂除第一时间要紧急送医,最好将该杀虫剂一并送到医院,以便医生可即时对症下药." "101","722","中高级","化学品管理","环保署针对世纪之毒「戴奥辛」有哪些加强管制措施?","限制焚化炉设立地点","管控焚化炉燃烧垃圾时段","管制污染原料来源","以上皆是","3","环保署针对戴奥辛加强管制措施,主要包含几点:(1)管制污染来源:对含微量戴奥辛的工业原料,如五氯酚等,已公告禁止制造、输入、贩卖及使用.(2)管制污染排放:严格限制废弃物焚化炉、中小型焚化炉、炼钢业电弧炉的排放,并定期监测.(3)污染减量:对焚化炉、烧结炉及电弧炉的排放进行削减." "101","723","中高级","废弃物管理","实验室实验后产生的废液,应该如何处理?","留著以后可能还會用到","不管他,弃置於原地","倒入废液桶中,集中回收处理","直接倒入洗手槽中","3","实验室产生之废液应依各种类分别收集,当至一定量时,应请专人来回收处理." "101","724","中高级","废弃物管理","下列何者「不是」垃圾前处理的目的?","减少污染减轻灾害","增进营运效率","回收可用物质","回收转化物或能源","1","垃垃前处理的目的有三:(1)增进营运效率;(2)回收可用物质;(3)回收转化物或能源." "101","725","中高级","废弃物管理","在追求生态效益的前提下,下列何者「不是」产品设计及制造「摇篮到摇篮」的设计理念?","降低有害废弃物的使用","消除废弃物的观念","创造多样性","使用再生能源与碳管理","1","在追求生态效益的前提下,摇篮到摇篮设计理念遵循以下三大原则,以实现生物循环和工业循环:(1)消除废弃物的观念;(2)使用再生能源与碳管理;(3)创造多样性." "101","726","中高级","废弃物管理","物品或其包装、容器在经食用或使用后,會产生以下何种情形时,政府将要求由制造、输入业者负责回收清除处??","含长期??腐化的成分","含有害物质之成分","??清除、处?","以上皆是","4","物品或其包装、容器经食用或使用后,足以产生下?性质之一般废弃物,以致有严重污染环境之虞者,依法由该物品或其包装、容器之制造、输入或原?之制造、输入业者负责回收、清除、处?,并由贩卖业者负责回收、清除工作." "101","727","中高级","人口健康","有关爱滋病,与人类免疫缺乏病毒(HIV)之叙述,以下何者「错误」?","人类免疫缺乏病毒感染免疫系统的细胞,破坏或减损细胞功能","爱滋病是一种经由性行为、血液或母子垂直传染的疾病","爱滋病简称为AIDS","癌症是人类免疫缺乏病毒感染者的主要死因","4","结核病是人类免疫缺乏病毒感染者的主要死因." "101","728","中高级","饮用水管理","供水系统维持一定自由有效余氯的目的为何?","提高有机物浓度","稳定水质的硬度和色度","增加自来水的口感","可预防细菌的滋生","4","自来水多以氯气消毒,当氯气溶於水中會变成次氯酸或次氯酸根离子,即俗称有效余氯,因次氯酸具有极高的氧化能力,如自来水含有效余氯,它在配水管中停留时可预防细菌(病原菌)的滋生,因此有效余氯在自来水的安全卫生上扮演极重要的角色." "101","729","中高级","饮用水管理","在水龙头上使用外接橡皮水管时应注意何种情况发生?","水管无固定,使水管脱落浪费水资源","水管浸泡於清洁用水中导致水塔水源受污染","水管长时间日晒导致脆化","以上皆是","4","水管浸泡於水中时,可能发生虹吸现象倒置储水槽遭受污染." "101","730","中高级","饮用水管理","饮用水水质标准中,下列何者为影响健康之物质?","重金属","三卤甲烷","农药","以上皆是","4","国内饮水水质表准中所列,重金属、三卤甲烷、农药皆为影响人体健康之有害物质." "101","731","中高级","饮用水管理","市售瓶装矿泉水中含有下列何种物质?","矿物盐","微量元素","CO2","以上皆是","4","饮用天然矿泉水有一定量的矿物盐、微量元素或二氧化碳气体.阳离子有K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、阴离子有HCO3-、SO42-、Cl-." "101","732","中高级","饮用水管理","一般家庭在家中煮饮用水,当水沸腾时會让水再煮3至5分钟,这个动作能消除大量的何种物质?","重金属","二氧化碳","三卤甲烷","塑化剂","3","饮用水在加氯消毒的过程中,水中有机物和氯反应會形成三卤甲烷,经细菌和动物实验发现有致突变性,根據日本大阪市丰野净水场研究,自来水煮沸过程中三卤甲烷會先随温度增加而增加,并於煮沸到100℃时达到最高点,此后若打开盖子继续煮3~5分钟,则可大幅降低三卤甲烷的含量." "101","733","中高级","环境影响评估","下列何项开发行为需进行环境影响评估?","开辟台中市东势林场游乐区","台大体育馆举办大型演唱會","举办马拉松国际竞赛","在社区公园举办大型园游會","1","东势林场游乐区属於大型建设,并且不论是在实施过程或运作过程都會对环境带来破坏或影响,所以需要事先进行环境影响评估.其他非属大面积建设,无须评估." "101","734","高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","依據我国对极低频磁场(60Hz)的曝露规定,对一般民众之管制准则为?","0.83μT(微特士拉)","8.3μT(微特士拉)","83.3μT(微特士拉)","833μT(微特士拉)","3","环保署民国90年公布对极低频电磁场的曝露规範,是参考ICNIRP於1998年公布的国际准则:一般环境所订定的极低频磁场管制准则为83.3μT(微特士拉),而职场的准则则为416.6μT." "101","735","高级","噪音","家中养的狗太吵,可能會被罚多少钱?","300-600","600-1,200","1,800-2,400","3,000-15,000","4","依民国95年1月18日修正公布的《公寓大厦管理条例》第十六条:住户饲养动物,不得妨碍公共卫生、公共安宁及公共安全;第四十七条:由直轄市、县(市)主管机关处新台币三千元以上一万五千元以下罚锾." "101","736","高级","温室气体减量","下列哪个县市,2011年获得环保署优选为「低碳示範城市」?","台北市","宜兰县","桃园县","花莲县","2","历经近一年的激烈竞逐,环保署於2011年8月4日公布新北市、台中市、台南市及宜兰县成为「低碳示範城市」.依4座低碳示範城市所规画之低碳计画目标,预估2014年合计可减碳1,200万公吨." "101","737","高级","人口健康","下列何者是对环境荷尔蒙正确的描述?","影响差异与性别无关","影响程度与年龄成反比","不會影响免疫力","不會影响神经系统","2","小孩子每单位体重必须呼吸的空气和吃入的食物及水都比成年人多,再加上有比较高的新陈代谢速率,因此小孩會比成年人吸收更多的环境污染物.此外,对於成年个体而言,环境荷尔蒙會降低人体的免疫力,引发甲状腺癌,亦會影响男性或女性的生育能力,增加男性摄护腺癌、女性乳癌、子宫内膜异位症的发生机率." "101","738","高级","人口健康","下列哪一项因素使人不易察觉环境荷尔蒙对人体造成的影响?","人们忽视它的影响力","好发於青少年期","科技落后","非立即有显著影响","4","环境荷尔蒙产生的毒性或伤害,常常需要一段时间才會显现它的影响,这一个特性使得环境荷尔蒙不容易被察觉." "101","739","高级","人口健康","下列何者「不是」我国政府99年至104年预防环境荷尔蒙的执行策略?","进行产品、环境等抽测及监控","各主管机关向民众加强宣导","各主管机关增修订法规","成立跨国际预防组织","4","我国民国99年至104年的执行策略包括(1)成立跨部會推动小组.(2)各业务主管机关相关主管法规之执行及增修订.(3)进行用品、产品、食品及环境等背景抽测及监控.(4)加强宣导:由各用品、产品、食品及环境等主管机关依权责加强宣导." "101","740","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","美国超级基金污染场址可能造成的人体健康危害,下列何者「不是」应优先考量的健康状况前三者?","出生缺陷及生殖障碍","癌症","免疫功能失调","生物累积性","4","美国超级基金污染场址最具危害性的物质,可能造成的人体健康危害排序,健康状况优先考虑的前三者,分别为出生缺陷及生殖障碍、癌症、免疫功能失调." "101","741","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","台湾何种基金的徵收及运用与美国「超级基金」相近?","资源回收管理基金","空气污染防制基金","土壤及地下水污染整治基金","垃圾及一般废弃物清除处理基金","3","台湾鉴於处理土壤及地下水污染场址应变、处理之迫切性,及审酌国内社會经济与环境环况,乃仿效美国超级基金(Surperfund)相关制度,成立土壤及地下水污染整治基金." "101","742","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","「镉米」事件曾是台湾重要的生态事件,这是哪一种污染所造成的?","固体废弃物污染","工业废水排放","空气污染","人为放置镉粉","2","镉米是一种被化工业产生之含镉废水排入灌溉水污染稻田所种植出的稻米.镉使用於涂料、塑胶、电池里面的稳定剂,不肖工厂制作完排出来的水没有好好处理,直接排入灌溉水道,使灌溉农地用的水被稻米吸收,就出现镉米了." "101","743","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","盗油引起之土壤及地下水污染,在何种土壤状况下會引起大面积严重污染?","砂土地区","红壤地区及下层为砾石层","全部土层均为红土区","全部土层均为黄土区","2","盗油引起之土壤及地下水污染,如果土壤下层又碰到砾石层,则會水平扩散會引起大面积严重污染." "101","744","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列哪个选项最有可能會造成区域性大面积地下水污染?","中小企业工厂排放废水入河川","市区一般加油站漏油","油灌车於高速公路翻覆","油库之大油槽漏油","4","有许多原因會造成地下水污染,但會造成区域性大面积地下水污染主要为油库之大油槽漏油.一般加油站、中小企业工厂与油灌车翻覆则會产生小区域污染." "101","745","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","关於土壤气体抽除法处理污染土壤,下列何者为「错误」?","不需要挖掘地面","不需添加化学药剂","安全","以非真空方式抽出","4","土壤气体抽除法主要以真空方式抽出或移除泥土以下之地下水中有害气体化学物,被抽除土壤气体可进行回收或经处理后排放." "101","746","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","台湾东部蛇纹岩地区风化生成之土壤中,何种重金属含量偏高?","镉与铅","铜与锌","砷与汞","铬与镍","4","蛇纹岩土壤的特性是Ca/Mg值偏低,且在成岩过程中累积大量来自地函的重金属,造成铬与镍等环保署列管之土壤污染物浓度可超过1000mg/kg以上,故在矿物风化过程可能因生物有效性浓度过高而对植物或环境生态造成潜在危害风险." "101","747","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤遭受重金属污染之现行复育防治技术,下列何者为「错误」?","翻土法","客土法","施用土壤改良剂","水淋溶法","4","一地土壤若受到污染,其污染是全面性的,并无法透过水的淋溶、洗出等作用带走或稀释.遭受重金属污染的土壤其现行复育防治技术包括:(1)反转耕(翻土法);(2)客土法;(3)施用土壤改良剂;(4)生物去除法;(5)土壤中水分的控制." "101","748","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列哪个方法可以处理重金属污染的土壤?","生物堆法","生物通气法","萃取法","以上皆是","3","生物通气法无法处理重金属污染,并且可能对微生物产生毒害作用.生物堆法是将挖除之受污染土壤与改良剂混合后,堆置於设置有渗出水收集系统与通气系统之处理区内,并控制土壤之水分、温度、营养盐、含氧量与pH值,以促进生物降解之作用." "101","749","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","海水污染程度指标「Cl-/(CO32-+HCO3-)」属於中度海水污染的标准为何?","比值1?2","比值2?5","比值5?10","比值10?200","2","Cl-/(CO32-+HCO3-)比值与海水污染程度的关系如下:0>1(未受海水污染);1~2(轻度海水污染);2~5(中度海水污染);5~10(高度海水污染);10~200(严重海水污染);200以上(海水)" "101","750","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","为防止土壤污染恶化,环保署订定下列哪个标准来管制土壤污染物浓度?","土壤污染物排放标准","土壤污染管制标准","土壤污染控制标准","土壤污染浓度标准","2","土壤污染管制标准:指为防止土壤污染恶化,所订定之土壤污染管制限度." "101","751","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者为预防地下储油槽污染地下水的防範措施?","设置污水处理设施","加装蒸气萃取井","连接之管线使用非腐蚀材料","种植树木","3","预防地下储油槽污染地下水的防範措施应应使用非腐蚀材料,或具有阴极保护等保护钢材措施,或具有二次阻隔层保护等,且须定期执行油槽及管线之测漏作业." "101","752","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤pH变化对植物养分之可利用性影响很大,但增高pH对何种元素利用不受影响?","K","Ca","Mg","以上皆是","1","在强硷性土壤,土壤溶液中Ca、Mg氢氧化物及碳酸盐开始沉淀,降低植物之可用性;但K之氢氧化物因系为可溶性,在相当於50%盐基饱和度以上之pH,K仍均在土壤溶液中,可被植物利用." "101","753","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列哪些元素「不是」植物营养所需之多量元素?","钾","钙","镁","铜","4","植物营养主要元素及其来源有分多量元素(>10kg/ha)及微量元素;其中多量元素分为碳、氢、氧、氮、磷、钾、钙、镁及硫等九项." "101","754","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列何者「不是」控制场址公告为整治场址的要件之一?","位於饮用水水源水质保护区内","单一污染物最高浓度达土壤或地下水污染管制标准一倍","位於风景特定区","位於学校","2","具有下列各款情形之一者,所在地主管机关应报请中央主管机关审核后公告为整治场址:(1)单一污染物最高浓度达管制标准二十倍.(2)污染总分P值达二十分以上.(3)控制场址位於水质保护区内、饮用水取水口之一定距离内或水库集水区内.(4)位於国家公园、野生动物保护区、自然生态保育地或稀有或濒临绝种之动、植物栖息地.(5)位於风景特定区或森林游乐区.(6)位於学校、公园、绿地或儿童游乐场.(7)其他." "101","755","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列哪些方式是国内外地下水监测井常用的凿井方式?","气锤式钻堡","中空?旋钻","水冲式旋钻或顿钻","以上皆是","4","气锤式钻堡、中空?旋钻、水冲式旋钻或顿钻." "101","756","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","设置场置性监测井时,需考虑下列哪些项目?","监测井设置间距","监测井设置深度","监测井位置","以上皆是","4","设置场置性监测井时,需考虑以下四点:(1)监测井设置间距(2)监测井设置深度(3)监测井位置(4)监测频?." "101","757","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","民国59年设立的台湾美国无线电公司(RCA),发生地下水严重污染事件,下列何者为该场址主要污染物之一?","苯","戴奥辛","四氯乙烯","多氯联苯","3","经工研院调查工厂附近民井20口地下水,发现主要污染物为1,1-二氯乙烷、1,1-二氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯等含氯化合物污染物." "101","758","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","河川水质由水质参数之浓度值来计算所得之指标积分值,下列何者为「错误」?","氨氮","生化需氧量","溶氧","硬度","4","环境水质近期状况可由「趋势图」将历次监测结果透过便利网页功能提供大众查询应用.以目前监测的5类水体进行分类,(1)河川水质:由氨氮、生化需氧量、溶氧及悬浮固体等4项水质参数之浓度值,来计算所得之指标积分值,判定河川水质污染程度(RPI),可分为未(稍)受污染、轻度污染、中度污染及严重污染等4种污染程度指数." "101","759","高级","公害纠纷","我国为了处理重大紧急公害纠纷,设有紧急公害纠纷处理小组,召集人依法由以下何者兼任?","环保署署长","行政院副院长","司法院院长","警政署署长","2","依《公害纠纷处理法》规範,行政院为处理重大紧急公害纠纷,设紧急公害纠纷处理小组;置召集人一人,由行政院副院长兼任之." "101","760","高级","公害纠纷","直轄市、县(市)政府因应公害事件启动公害纠纷紧急纾处小组,视个案特性及需要,依法可以再扩增下列哪些小组?(A)污染事件查证组;(B)民意整合协调组;(C)健康影响评估组;(D)损害程度评估组","ABC","ACD","BCD","以上皆是","2","依公害纠纷事件紧急纾处应变流程标准作业程序规範,直轄市、县(市)政府公害纠纷紧急纾处小组应对争议部分,可以视个案特性及需要,参采下列原则邀集由争议各方推荐之学者专家组成污染查证、健康影响或损害程度评估小组." "101","761","高级","公害纠纷","公害纠纷事件如果经第一审法院辩论终结,是否可以再申请调处或裁决?","只能申请调处","只能申请裁决","皆可申请","皆不可申请","4","依《公害纠纷处理法》规範公害纠纷事件经第一审法院辩论终结者,不得进行调处或裁决." "101","762","高级","公害纠纷","当公害发生时,邻近列管污染源许可证是重要的比对资料,许可证主要可以检视列管污染源哪些厂内资讯?(A)使用原(物)料(B)使用燃料(C)资源回收厂商(D)产品种类","ABC","ABD","BCD","ABCD","2","为因应可能产生之公害,环保署平时即定期清查及更新列管污染源许可证,针对工厂使用原(物)料、燃料、产品之种类、排放污染物之成分、指纹分析及排放特性等,建置完整资料." "101","763","高级","化学品管理","由AIHA美国工业卫生协會所制定的ERPG,其第一级毒性物质之允许暴露程度,以下描述何者正确?","有毒气体环境中,不會有不?影响的最大容许浓度","有毒气体环境中,不致使身体造成不可恢?伤害的最大容许浓度","有毒气体环境中,不致对生命造成威胁的最大容许浓度","以上皆是","1","ERPG-1主要定义为人员暴露於有毒气体环境中约1小时,除?短暂的不?健康效应或不当的气味之外,不會有其他不?影响的最大容许浓度." "101","764","高级","文化保存","联合国教科文组织的英文简称为何?","UNESCO","UNDP","UNIDO","UNWTO","1","联合国教科文组织是联合国专门机构之一的教育科学文化组织(UNESCO).1946年设立,致力於各国国民的教育科学文化合作及交流,以促进国际和平及人类福祉为目的." "101","765","高级","水污染","河川污染指标(RPI)用以衡量之参数是?","4个","3个","5个","2个","1","河川污染指标(RPI)由生化需氧量、溶氧量、氨氮及悬浮固体,共四项理化水质参数组成,用来对河川污染程度加以分类." "101","766","高级","水污染","「非点源污染」较无法确定其排入河川之位置,以下何种属於非点源污染?","居家污水","工业废水","迳流废水","畜牧废水","3","非点源污染主要是指下雨时降下来的雨水,没有被土壤吸收的部分,在地表迳流不定点的注入河川,因为雨水迳流在注入河川前,會流过市镇街道、停车场、农地、果园及施工工地等,将沉积在这些地方的污染不定点的冲刷到水体,所以称为非点源污染." "101","767","高级","水污染","环保署所规划之河川污染整治愿景包括不缺氧指标,所谓不缺氧是指河水溶氧值高於下列哪一个值?","2mg/L","4mg/L","6mg/L","8mg/L","1","环保署所规划之河川污染整治愿景,河川不缺氧是指和水溶氧量大於2mg/L." "101","768","高级","水污染","水中溶氧會受水体温度及盐度所影响,下列何种情况下水中溶氧最高?","温度高且盐度低","温度和盐度均低","温度低且盐度高","温度和盐度均高","2","溶解氧是评价水体自净能力的指标,溶氧含量较高,表示水体自净能力较强.水中溶氧受温度及盐度所影响,温度越高、盐度越高;水中溶氧會越低." "101","769","高级","水污染","下列何种反应會产生甲烷等臭味物质?","光合作用","氧化作用","硝化作用","厌氧作用","4","有机物於厌氧条件在酸形成菌作用下产生有机酸及硫化氢、二氧化碳等,接著在甲烷形菌作用反应产生甲烷及二氧化碳." "101","770","高级","水质监测","总凯氏氮(TotalKjeldahlnitrogen,TKN)系由下列何种物质所组成?","有机氮+硝酸氮","有机氮+氨氮","有机氮+亚硝酸氮","氨氮+硝酸氮","2","总凯氏氮系指水中氨氮及有机氮之总合,系指应用凯氏法将水体中有机物质转化成硫酸铵,加硷转换成氨,经蒸馏、滴定后所测得的氮量." "101","771","高级","水污染","在水污染管制区内,使用毒品、药品或电流捕捉水生物将被裁罚,系依據何种法令之规定?","下水道法","饮用水管理办法","水污染防治法","水利法","3","第十三条在水污染管制区内,不得有下列行为:使用毒品、药品或电流捕杀水生物." "101","772","高级","水污染","高屏溪等五大流域为保护饮用水源,曾进行养猪户(场)依法拆除补偿工作,此项作为对何种污染物改善成效最佳?","化学需氧量","氨氮","重金属","悬浮固体物","2","高屏溪等五大流域水源保护区,养猪头数由执行前(八十九年十一月)之57万头降至9000头(九十一年一月),削减率达98.4%;其中高屏溪削减47万头,成效最佳.五大流域之水质中,氨氮项目皆已达计画目标,其中高屏溪更降至0.17毫克/公升,完全符合该河段乙类水体水质标准." "101","773","高级","水污染","为有效提升河川水质,削减排入河川的污染量,可行的改善技术为下列何者?(A)建置人工湿地(B)提昇畜牧业生产量(C)建置砾间接触系统(D)增设曝气设施","ABC","BCD","ABCD","ACD","4","环保署自2002年河川污染整治年起,监於公共污水下水道系统的缓慢进度,以及民众对河川水质的高度要求及期望下,环保署辅助地方政府开始在各污染水源附近、受污染的河川支流汇流处,建置人工湿地、砾间接触、曝气设施等河川水质净化工程,透过污水与自然环境中的氧气、土壤、微生物、植物交互作用,使水质净化,削减排入河川的污染量." "101","774","高级","水质监测","河川水质污染监测的分类系统在国内称为河川污染指标(RPI),下列何者「不是」指标项目?","悬浮固体(SS)","酸硷值(pH)","溶氧(DO)","生化需氧量(BOD)","2","河川水质污染监测的分类系统在国内称为河川污染指标(RPI)是以悬浮固体、溶氧、生化需氧量及氨氮为指标." "101","775","高级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」河川整体调查项目?","水质品质评估","底质品质评估","生物指标","表面植物密度","4","河川整体调查项目包括:水质品质评估、底质品质评估、生物指标" "101","776","高级","水质监测","自然水体中的硷度可由下列何项化学物质提供?","氯离子","钠离子","碳酸氢根","硫酸根","3","水之硷度用来量度中和酸的能力,天然水的硷度多由弱酸的盐类所造成,尤其是碳酸氢根,为自然水硷度的主要形式." "101","777","高级","水质监测","计算河川污染指数(RPI)时,不需要下列哪一项?","生化需氧量","溶氧量","氨氮浓度","悬浮固体物浓度","1","河川污染指数(RPI)由生化需氧量、溶氧量、氨氮、悬浮固体等四项水质参数,经公式计算所得的数值,可作为河川污染程度的指标." "101","778","高级","水质监测","自来水中若添加过多的含氯消毒剂,可能會导致三卤甲烷的生成,三卤甲烷的英文缩写为何?","THMs","TOCs","TCWs","PSI","1","自来水在净水场加氯消毒过程中,水中有机物和氯反应會形成三卤甲烷(trihalomethanes,简称THMs),其主要的生成物包括CHCl3(氯仿)、CHBrCl2(一溴二氯甲烷),CHBr2Cl(二溴一氯甲烷)、CHBr3(溴仿)等,此四者合称总三卤甲烷(TTHM),三卤甲烷类化合物具有致癌性." "101","779","高级","水质监测","下列何者是降低水中氨氮浓度的方法?","加入硫化铝","加入硝化菌","加入酸","加入还原剂","2","可利用硝化菌的硝化作用,将铵根氧化成亚硝酸根,再利用脱硝菌的脱硝作用将硝酸根变为氮气逸至外界." "101","780","高级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」卡尔森优养化指标(CTSI)所需测定之项目?","总磷","透明度","水中叶绿素a","pH值","4","水质优养化一般常用卡尔森优养指数法(Carlson,1977),此法系根據水的透明度、水中叶绿素a及总磷量含量等三因素进行测量." "101","781","高级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」在计算卡尔森指数(Carlsontrophicstateindex,CTSI)必须有的水质项目?","叶绿素-a","浊度","透明度","总磷","2","水库进行例行性水质监测,以监测总磷、叶绿素-a及透明度3项为主." "101","782","高级","水质监测","下列何者是水质检测的物理项目?","硬度","透视度","溶氧量","硷度","2","一般检测水质的化学项目,包含:pH值、硷度、硬度、溶氧量、生化需氧量、化学需氧量、有机污染物、氨氮、总磷、重金属离子等10项,浊度、温度、透视度是物理项目." "101","783","高级","水质监测","下列何者是常用的优养化指标?","上层水溶氧指标","多样性指标法","卡尔森指数","动物生长潜势","3","常见的优养化指标有:(1)卡尔森指数,(2)藻类生长潜势,(3)下层水溶氧指标,(4)生物指标法,目前没有一定的标准." "101","784","高级","水质监测","水样化学需氧量的分析约需时多久?","3~5小时","3天","5天","7天","1","COD测定约3小时即可在一般实验室完成,而BOD量测则需耗时5天." "101","785","高级","水质监测","下列哪一项「不是」水中浊度过高时可能产生的不利影响?","干扰水生植物之光合作用","增加浮游生物","干扰鱼类呼吸","影响净水处理时的成效","2","浊度高會影响水体外观并阻碍光的穿透,进而影响水生植物的光合作用.浊度高會使鱼类的呼吸作用受阻,影响鱼类的生长与繁殖,甚至使其因窒息而死亡.浊度高亦會干扰净水处理时的消毒作用." "101","786","高级","水质监测","我们以哪两种生物指标评估海滩水质的优劣?","好氧菌和厌氧菌","致病菌和肠球菌","大肠杆菌和致病菌","大肠杆菌群和肠球菌","4","海滩水质采用大肠杆菌群以及肠球菌群作为双指标.大肠杆菌群(Coliformgroup)密度检测结果高於1000CFU/100mL者,即归类为不宜亲水活动;肠球菌群(Enterococci)为娱乐用水水质分级,检测浓度50MPN/100mL以下者为优良." "101","787","高级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」污染总量管制的原则?","各污染源采用同一排放标准","公平分配排放总量","总量管制与浓度管制相结合","寻求区域水污染控制成本最小化","1","污染总量分配的原则包含容量总量管制与目标总量管制相配合、总量管制与浓度管制相结合、公平分配排放总量、寻求区域水污染控制成本最小化、公布排污总量分配结果." "101","788","高级","水质监测","下列哪一项河川水质参数,「不属於」判定河川水质优劣的主要参数?","氨氮","生化需氧量","溶氧","透明度","4","河川水质由氨氮、生化需氧量、溶氧及悬浮固体等4项水质之浓度值,计算指标值,藉以判定河川水质污染程度(RPI),河川污染程度目前分为未(稍)受污染、轻度污染、中度污染、严重污染等四种污染程度指数." "101","789","高级","水质监测","水质监测项目中之总硬度最适合以下列何种方式检验?","电极法","离子层析法","浊度法","EDTA滴定法","4","水中总硬度检测方法—EDTA滴定法." "101","790","高级","水质监测","根據卡尔森优养指数,超过多少值则称为优养?","20","40","30","50","4","评估水库水质优养化一般常用卡尔森优养指数法,当指数在40以下者为贫养,指数在40-50之间为普养,指数在50以上者则为优养." "101","791","高级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」我国用於检测生物急毒性之生物?","水蚤","孔雀鱼","鲤鱼","米虾","2","依照我国放流水标准,本标准所定之生物急毒性系以水蚤、米虾、鲤鱼和罗汉鱼检测之,主管机关稽查时,得选定鲤鱼、罗汉鱼择一,及水蚤、米虾择一,进行两种生物检测." "101","792","高级","水质监测","下列何者是放流水标准主要划分的差异?","依排放污染源之行业划分","依早午晚的时间划分","依排放废水的总量划分","依排放季节划分","1","依據放流水标准第二条规範,不同行业之污染处理设施的放流水标准具有不同水质要求项目与限值." "101","793","高级","水质监测","下列何者「不是」自来水以氯消毒之目的?","操作简便","成本较低","不會有二次残留","氧化效果佳","3","操作简便、成本较低、残余余氯可预防细菌(病原菌)的滋生、氧化能力强,皆为自来水选用加氯消毒之目的." "101","794","高级","水质监测","家庭污水经污水道至污水处理场进行处理后,须符合下列哪种法规订定的标准,才能排放至河流?","环境教育法","水污染防治法","废弃物清理法","环境影响评估法","2","其需符合《水污染防制法》第二条:「事业、污水下水道系统及建筑物污水处理设施之放流水标准」是有针对排放废水的温度、部分物质浓度有限制." "101","795","高级","水质监测","当河川发现下列何种鱼类时,表示河川水质较为乾净?","鳟鱼","台湾马口鱼","泥鳅","大眼华鯿","1","当河川发现鳟鱼、香鱼等鱼类时,代表河川未受污染." "101","796","高级","自然保育","下列哪一外来种可能「不是」由於人为蓄意引入所造成的?","互花米草","福寿螺","小花蔓泽兰","吴郭鱼","1","互花米草原产地为美国东南部海岸,1979?引入中国.台湾及金门的互花米草推测主要经由海?、候鸟或船舶及民众无意间输入而入侵." "101","797","高级","自然保育","下列对於人工湿地的敍述何者是正确的?","人工湿地所种植的植物主要为造景用途,对污水处理没有效用","与污水处理厂相比较,以人工湿地系统来处理污染能较节省能源,为比较环保的方式","人工湿地因为多用於污水处理,因此不具有保存生物多样性的功能","人工湿地建造完成后即能如同天然湿地运作,不需要人为介入经营重理","2","污水处理厂对污水的处理需要耗费电力及人工管理.人工湿地以植物作为湿地系统中输氧、吸收污染物的工具,完全依靠太阳能推动,不需消耗额外电力,是极为环保的一种处理技术.同时人工湿地亦可以提许多野生动物的栖地,具有提升生物多样性的效应." "101","798","高级","自然保育","下列何者是《蒙特娄议定书》的内容?","管制国际间野生动植物贸易手段","管制破坏臭氧层物质","推动维护全球生物多样性","推动全球湿地保育","2","监於臭氧层遭到破坏攸关全球生态环境,在联合国环境规划署召集世界各国共同携手研商对策,於1985年3月在奥地利维也纳签订「保护臭氧层维也纳公约」,并决定研议具体管制措施之协议.1987年9月16日在加拿大蒙特娄市召开會议,进一步签署「关於管制消耗臭氧层物质蒙特娄议定书」." "101","799","高级","自然保育","为了维护海洋资源,下列哪一项「不是」政府对於渔业管理的做法?","制定禁渔区及禁渔期","给予休渔补助","限制渔民的年龄","限制使用的渔具及渔法","3","为确保资源的永续利用,渔业署持续委请从事渔业资源评估之专家学者进行研究,对於经评估须管理之渔业资源,采取预警方式管理,并依據沿近海不同种类特定渔业特性,制定禁渔区、禁渔期、总渔获量、填报渔捞日志、港口查核及海上登检等管理措施,并将拖网、灯火、魩鱙、珊瑚、飞鱼卵、樱花虾及赤尾青虾等特定渔业列为现阶段重点管理渔业." "101","800","高级","自然保育","对於外来种经营管理的敍述下列何者「错误」?","提供正确知识与资讯并广泛宣导与教育,增进大众对外来物种影响的认识与认知","针对各种蓄意、非蓄意引入管道设计足够的侦测机制,并能够快速反应","立法管制外来种,限制外来种引进的管理及规範","限制对於外来种的研究以减少意外引入的机會","4","应推动相关研究以增进外来种知识:不论是防範於未然的监测通报系统或是对入侵物种的防制移除,都有赖足够的研究资料为依據." "101","801","高级","自然保育","下列哪一物种为台湾海洋鱼类的外来入侵种?","台湾樱花钩吻鲑","红鼓鱼","高身鯝鱼","石斑鱼","2","據统计,全球已有超过160种鱼类的入侵种经由人为搬运而存活在各地不同水域.海水鱼的部分,台湾目前已陆续在西海岸、淡水河口及高屏河口等地发现红鼓鱼及欧洲鰻、美洲鰻等外来种." "101","802","高级","自然保育","对於海洋生物多样性的描述,下列何者为正确?","海洋生物在高分类位阶(门或纲)的生物多样性高於陆域生态系","台湾具有高的海洋生物多样性的原因之一是由於同时有冷、暖洋流於沿海交會","海洋生物具有高的遗传多样性,普遍有隐蔽种和同胞种的存在","以上皆是","4","以较高的分类位阶而言,已知34门动物中有33门出现在海洋中;海洋隐含许多无形的隔?机制,使海洋生物的遗传多样性比预期高,普遍有隐蔽种和同胞种的存在;台湾周围有黑潮及大陆沿岸流的交會,也提高了台湾海洋生物的多样性." "101","803","高级","低碳永续家园","以下何者「不是」台湾绿建筑的九大指标之一?","经济价值","基地保水性","日常节能","生物多样性降低","1","九大指标分别为:生物多样性、绿化量、基地保水性、日常节能、CO2减量、废弃物减量、室内环境、水资源、污水与垃圾改善指标的改善." "101","804","高级","低碳永续家园","下列何者「不是」绿建筑的主要特徵?","高隐私","省资源","低污染","省能源","1","绿建筑的特徵包括:省能源、省资源、低污染、舒适、健康、环保等.其居住环境应符合「舒适性」、「自然调和健康」、「环保」等三大设计理念.绿建筑由过去「消耗最少地球资源,制造最少废弃物的建筑物」的消极定义,扩大为「生态、节能、减废、健康的建筑物」的积极定义." "101","805","高级","低碳永续家园","绿建筑在台湾共分为九大指标和四大指标群,以下哪一项是减废指标群里的项目?","污水及垃圾的改善","日常节能","二氧化碳减量","室内环境","3","二氧化碳减量及废弃物减量,是指盖房子时要有二氧化碳减量的施工方法及拆房子后的废弃物要减少,才能减少二氧化碳的排放." "101","806","高级","低碳永续家园","绿建筑的绿地面积愈多愈好.日本建设省要求绿覆盖最好能在多少百分比以上,才不會造成人的焦虑?","5","10","20","30","4","日本科学技术厅的研究:90%的居民满意绿覆率>20%;60%的居民满意绿覆率=15~20%;30%的居民满意绿覆率=10~15%.因此,日本建设省要求绿覆率应该>30%,否则人會焦虑." "101","807","高级","低碳永续家园","日常耗能以空调与照明用电占最大比例,尤其以空调耗能影响为最.在台湾,夏日的建筑空调耗电占总尖峰用量的多少?","二分之一","三分之一","四分之一","五分之一","2","夏日的建筑空调耗电占总尖峰用量的三分之一." "101","808","高级","低碳永续家园","在建筑二氧化碳减量上,下列何者为「错误」的叙述?","尽量使用荷重较轻的钢结构,避免使用砖石及钢筋混凝土结构","废弃的水泥物、土石及砖块又难以再回收利用","钢筋混凝土产生的二氧化碳小於钢结构","钢筋混凝土的耗能量大於钢结构","3","就环保的观点,一砖一瓦,或是铁和玻璃,排放大量的二氧化碳.都是高污染与高温化,都是能源的产物.钢筋混凝土的耗能量是钢结构的1.2倍,产生的二氧化碳是钢结构的1.4倍." "101","809","高级","低碳永续家园","若每年的建筑物节能能够达到20%,每年约可节约多少亿元?","1","10","20","30","2","依建筑物节能20%之水准计算,每年可节约总电力2.6亿度(相当於每年7.4亿台币)." "101","810","高级","低碳永续家园","森林中每立方公尺的木材量,每年可以固定约多少吨的二氧化碳?","1","5","10","100","1","根據气候变化政府间的专门委员會(ICPP)报告,森林中每立方公尺的木材量每年可固定0.95吨的二氧化碳." "101","811","高级","低碳永续家园","以前化石能源十分充足时,人类都不太注意乱度所形成的能源.以下哪一项动力的发明是有效利用分散残余的能量?","电梯发电","油电混合动力","脚踏车的头灯","以上皆是","4","很多动力,如电梯下降从位能产生动能的同时,为了维持稳定的速度,必须加以控制其速度,造成能量的损失,若能导入发电,则可以做为其他弱电的供电.汽车在高速时,引擎的动力是多余的,若能使用电力则可以大幅省电." "101","812","高级","灾害防救","下列对於美国「全面性环境应变补偿及责任法」叙述何者「错误」?","授权於美国环境保护署对许多废弃物弃置场所进行探究","通常指的是美国超级基金法","起源於美国发生的「爱渠」事件","美国国會於1960?通过此法","4","美国国會在1980年通过?《全面性环境应变补偿及责任法》的「超级基?」的钱,首次通过?16亿美?之鉅的基?来解决废弃物污染场址所造成之严重环境及健康危害." "101","813","高级","灾害防救","针对防灾四阶段来说,下列何者属於「?建」(Recovery)的措施?","灾民的收容与撤?","重建公共建设","防止二次灾害发生","拟定疏散避难演?","2","?原?动为重建公共建设,使社會与经济恢?正常运作之长期政策,并配合减灾?动使灾害后恢?至(甚至?好)灾害前的措施." "101","814","高级","灾害防救","何谓土壤液化?","土壤颗粒因高温高压,由固体变为液体","地震后土壤颗粒堆叠方式改变,原本空隙中的水分被挤出","连日降雨使得土壤长时间泡在水中而软化","土壤被酸雨侵蚀溶解","2","由於深层土壤的水份,跑到表层的土壤里头来.当水份过多时,土壤表层就會变成像泥巴一样,甚至直接冒出泥水来,这种现像就叫做土壤液化." "101","815","高级","灾害防救","以下对於土石、边坡之叙述何者正确?","大颗粒會沉淀到土石流的最底层","顺向坡滑动是一种平面型滑动","深层滑动指厚度约3公尺的土壤移动","落石指受节理切割之岩块自坡面坠落","2","大颗粒通常覆於土石流的最上层,因此破坏力大;顺向坡是一种平面型滑动;厚度约3公尺的土壤移动属浅层滑动." "101","816","高级","灾害防救","关於地震规模以下叙述何者正确?","与地震释放能量有关","多以整数之分级表示其大小","数字愈大、地震愈小","同一地震,不同地区其规模不一","1","地震规模非整数数字,数字愈大表示地震释放能量愈大,地震之强度方为整数之分级,地震强度才可能會随地区不同而不同,同一地震只有一个规模,不随地区不同而不同." "101","817","高级","灾害防救","下列何种行为「不會」导致海啸现象?","海底火山的喷发","海底山崩","核爆","台风","4","除了地震以外,因为海底火山的喷发、海岸附近的砂土崩落流入海中、海底山崩以及核爆等所引起的海水面较大的波动,有时也列入海啸.但是这些因素的影响範围较小,并且能量无法传太远." "101","818","高级","灾害防救","下列何者是造成暴潮的原因?","板块移动","全球暖化","台风","地层下陷","3","暴潮主要是台风引起,台风中心低气压吮吸作用及向岸强风會导致近岸潮汐水位异常上升,这现象亦可称为台风暴潮." "101","819","高级","灾害防救","热带雨林消失将对环境带来什麽影响?(A)气候异常(B)全球温度上升(C)水土流失(D)再生能源增加.","AB","BCD","ABC","BD","3","热带雨林消失后所造成的影响包括气候变迁、温室效应、水土流失、海平面上升、药品原料消失、生物濒临绝种等情形." "101","820","高级","社区参与","面对社区的开发,我们应该用何种态度面对?","为了维护家园的生活品质,我们应该抵抗社区的开发","无论开发地点是否在自身住家旁,都去参与开发事宜","谨慎考量并查询相关的资料,回馈给社区负责人","以上皆是","4","面对社区的开发应该要有充足的知识,并且为了社区的生活品质,需以行动阻止不肖业者在社区内及周遭的不当开发." "101","821","高级","社区参与","下列关於社区参与的内容,何者正确?(A)确认社区参与的角色(B)组织权益相关的团体及个人(确认利害关系人)(C)邀社区领袖参与(D)瞭解当地特色(参与资源调查)","AB","ABC","ACD","ABCD","4","社区参与实为社区发展操作的核心,并有10项要点:(1)确认社区参与的角色;(2)培力;(3)强调在计画程序中的参与;(4)组织权益相关的团体及个人(确认利害关系人);(5)联结利润和保育(保育基金设立);(6)合理分配利润;(7)邀社区领袖参与;(8)借用外力及成立发展机构;(9)瞭解当地特色(参与资源调查);(10)监测和评估进度及成果展示." "101","822","高级","社区参与","下列何者为凝聚居民社区参与的重要关键?","社区经费","政府官员","地方感","地方势力","3","地方感是以意义为中心、以关怀为範疇,是奠基於人们的经验、社會关系、情感及思想." "101","823","高级","社区参与","依據社区营造的理念与做法,采循序渐进的方式进行三阶段的推动,下列何者「错误」?","社区自主","居民参与","政府补助","永续经营","3","林务局依據社区营造的理念与做法,采循序渐进的方式进行三阶段的推动,强调「由下而上」、「社区自主」、「居民参与」及「永续经营」等理念来推动「社区林业计画」." "101","824","高级","社区参与","下列何者「不是」社区参与相关产业成功推动的因素应包含哪些项目?","政治因素","增进社区的应变能力","财务及人力资源的支持","社区当地之生态","1","成功的社区产业推动的要件包括:(1)社区当地之生态;(2)社會及经济背景;(3)而社区林业是否能确保社区权利及利益;(4)增进社区应变的能力;(5)明确的「财产权」、「体制安排」、「社区利益」及「诱因」;(6)社区特性;(7)财务及人力资源的支持;(8)参与层级;(9)技术及市场的影响;(10)社区大小及异质性." "101","825","高级","社区参与","下列何者「不是」社区保育与公共参与应优先从事的项目为?","可帮助政府相关单位取得知识","可作为资源管理规划与合作协商的基础","作为资源管理的手段,大量无限制的使用资源","促进地方感情融洽","3","公众参与管理自然资源为进行学习与合作过程,可增进政府取得知识和选择可行政策的能力,以作为资源管理规划与合作协商的基础" "101","826","高级","空污","依室内空气品质标准,室内二氧化碳8小时浓度标准为多少ppm?","250ppm","500ppm","1000ppm","2000ppm","3","依室内空气怎质标准,室内二氧化碳8小时浓度标准为1000ppm." "101","827","高级","空污","我国《空气污染防制法》中,下列何者属於衍生性污染物?","铅","臭氧","氯化氢","二氧化硫","2","《空气污染防制法施行细则》所管制之空气污染物中臭氧、光化学雾、过氧硝酸乙醯酯(PAN)等为衍生性污染物." "101","828","高级","空气品质监测","下列何者「不是」中国大陆华北地区近十年来,沙尘暴越来越严重的因素?","人口增长","气候变迁","降雨分配不均","过度畜牧","1","近年来中国大陆华北地区沙漠化日益严重,加上全球气候变迁导致乾旱、降雨分配不均以及过度畜牧等因素影响." "101","829","高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","下列何者會影响电磁波特性?","传播速度","强度","频率","以上皆是","4","非游离辐射源的存在与文明进步之便利性呈现紧密之相关性,於日常生活环境中有许多不同型式之电磁辐射产生源,诸如高压配电站、变压器、马达、广播电台、无线电通讯设备、电脑设备等." "101","830","高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","在电磁场管制上,我国对行动电话基地台产生电磁波之参考位准值,目前国家通讯委员會(NCC)已将该参考位准则纳入第几代行动通信业务管理规则中?","第一代","第二代","第三代","第四代","3","环保署已参考国际非游离辐射防护委员會(ICNIRP)一般民众电磁场参考位准值,於民国101年11月30日公告「限制时变电场、磁场及电磁场曝?指引」,其对行动电话基地台产生电磁波之参考位准值:900MHz为0.45毫瓦特/平方公分,1800MHz为0.9毫瓦特/平方公分.目前NCC已将该参考位准值纳入第三代行动通信业务管理规则中." "101","831","高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","现在生活中广泛运用的无线电波,如收音机、电视机.下列何者为其波长?","0.1-15cm","400-700nm","15cm-2km","100-400nm","3","无线电波之波长为15cm-2km,微波之波长为0.1-15cm,红外线之波长700nm-0.1cm,可见光之波长400-700nm,紫外线之波长100-400nm." "101","832","高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","下列哪个範围的波长在我们眼中看起来为红色?","200-400nm","400-600nm","600-800nm","以上皆非","3","可见光中红光波长622-780nm,橘光波长597-622nm,黄光波长577-597nm,绿光波长492-577nm,蓝光波长455-492nm,紫光波长390-455nm." "101","833","高级","气候变迁","下列何者是联合国政府间气候变迁委员會简称?","IPCC","FAO","UNFCCC","UNCSD","1","联合国政府间气候变迁委员會英文全名为IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,简称IPCC.FAO是联合国粮食及农业组织的简称;UNFCCC是联合国气候变化纲要公约的简称;UNCSD是联合国永续发展大會的简称." "101","834","高级","气候变迁","《京都议定书》在1997年日本京都會议时签订,明确订定各国温室气体减量责任与时程.但是在各国各有其考量下,到了哪一年二月才生效?","1998年","2000年","2002年","2005年","4","1997年在日本京都,各国签署具有法律约束力的《京都协议书》(KyotoProtocol),明确订定各国温室气体减量责任与时程.不过,在各国各有其考量下,《京都协议书》迟至2005年2月才生效." "101","835","高级","气候变迁","根據经建會2012年「国家气候变迁调适政策纲领」指出,台湾周遭海域海平面上升速率与同期全球上升速率平均值比较之正确描述?","速率慢5倍左右","速率慢2倍左右","大略相同","速率快2倍左右","4","1993年至2003年间台湾附近平均海平面上升速率为每年5.7mm,略高於卫星所测得的每年5.3mm,但此数值大於同时期全球平均值上升速率(每年3.1mm)." "101","836","高级","气候变迁","以下哪一项「不是」优先处理高风险地区的原因?","复合性灾害风险增加程度","脆弱度","复原难度","生命财产损失程度","4","高风险地区面临水土复合性灾害风险增加,考量其脆弱度与复原难度,应优先处理高风险地区,以减少气候变迁冲击与生命财产损失." "101","837","高级","综合企划","推动灾害预警科技整合,强化灾害模拟与预警有助成为许多决策的依據.下列哪一项「不是」其目的?","减灾","防灾预警","发展防灾技术","土地管理","3","加速国土监测资源与灾害预警资讯系统之整合,可强化气候变迁冲击之因应能力.(1)加强办理国土监测与强化现有监测资源整合.(2)加速推动灾害预警科技整合,强化灾害模拟与预警,以作为减灾、防灾、预警、土地管理之决策依據." "101","838","高级","气候变迁","检视、修订既有或新建维生基础设施之设计与抗灾能力时,应以何者为假设条件?","最贵技术","未来一百年可能出现极端气候","当年最符合成本的工法为假设条件","历史上曾发生之最严重事件可能再发生的机率","4","根據经建會2012年『国家气候变迁调适政策纲领」指出,在检视、修订既有或新建维生基础设施之设计与抗灾规範标准,至少应以历史上曾发生之最严重事件可能再发生为假设条件,检核其抗灾能力." "101","839","高级","综合企划","针对灾区土石灾害防治,若现有工程方法暂无法克服,则可采用软体防灾措施因应.「软体防灾措施」指的是什麽?","崩塌地处理","植生复育","治理策略、工法","疏散避难规划及演练","4","提升维生基础设施营运维护管理人力素质及技术.(1)若现有工程方法暂无法克服,则采软体防灾措施因应,如办理疏散避难规划及演练、建立避难场所等,使灾害中之损伤降至最低限度.(2)建立检测评估人员训练及资格授证的机制,以有效诊断基础设施在极端天气作用下之损伤劣化情形." "101","840","高级","综合企划","以下哪一项「不是」建立以调适为目的之土地使用管理相关配套机制?","建构国土保育区的土地使用绩效管制","建立受灾土地之合宜的救助、补偿机制等配套措施","中央应订定成长管理指标,做为评估检讨国家发展、资源使用之依據","建立生态系服务付费制度","3","建立以调适为目的之土地使用管理相关配套机制.(1)建构国土保育区的土地使用绩效管制.(2)建立气候变迁受灾与提供减灾公益性土地之合宜的救助、补偿机制等配套措施,促进国土使用的社會公平.(3)应建立自然环境信托、生态系服务付费制度和土地开发利益平衡基金之机制." "101","841","高级","气候变迁","首都与周边地区相邻之河流堤防防洪设计值应该要如何整合?","都市应高於外围","都市与其外围交界处之保护量要得以衔接","付得起钱的城市设计值可以较高","依照河川流域两旁都市人口密度开发程度来设计","2","提升都市地区之土地防洪管理效能与调适能力,整合都市与周边地区之防洪设计值,确保都市与其外围交界处之保护量得以衔接." "101","842","高级","灾害防救","都市内要落实设置滯洪及设施与空间,以下哪一项「不是」适宜优先考虑之处?","公园","学校","复耕可能性高之农地","公有土地","3","通盘检讨都市及区域计画,积极落实利用公园、学校、复耕可能性低之农地、公有土地等设置滯洪及设施与空间妥善利用之原则再利用设施,并纳入基地开发时土地使用之规範." "101","843","高级","气候变迁","为了提升产业抗逆境能力,需要培育的作物品系中「不包括」哪些类别?","耐病虫害","耐旱","耐涝及耐盐","耐辐射线","4","为提升农业生产及生物多样性,其中提升产业抗逆境能力包括以下三点:(1)培育耐病虫害、耐旱、耐涝及耐盐之作物品系.(2)选育耐逆境之畜禽及水产育种及养殖技术.(3)调整轮作休耕、发展设施栽培、水资源调节、推动精准农业及发展生物科技." "101","844","高级","综合企划","全球气候变迁与温室效应的影响日益明显,减缓与调适为各国政府因应气候变迁威胁的两大重要策略.「减缓」指的是何种策略?","减低民众对於温室效应和全球暖化议题的迷思,认真面对问题","以人类的科技结合自然的覆育,提高温室气体的排放","让环境经由自然方式覆育,并减低温室效应","以人为干预的方式,减少温室气体排放量","4","「减缓」(mitigation)系指以人为干预的方式,减少温室气体排放量;或者增加温室气体储存量." "101","845","高级","气候变迁","以下哪些减缓碳排放量或调适策略「不會」产生空间上的竞合关系,需要透过土地使用规划的机制来处理?","兴建绿色基盘设施","防灾资源分派","发展机會","以上皆是","4","各项议题的减缓或调适策略,均可能产生空间上的竞合关系,需要透过土地使用规划或空间规划的机制来处理.例如,碳排放量的制定、防灾资源分派甚或发展机會等,反映在土地使用规划上,即需要思考在发展相对饱和地区需要减少再分派发展用地,某些地区则因空间特性需提供多一些绿色基盘设施." "101","846","高级","饮用水管理","下列何者为持久性有机污染物?","达马松","戴奥辛","巴拉松","氯乙烯","2","达马松、巴拉松为农药,氯乙烯为挥发性有机物.目前常用之农业为非持久性,最长60天." "101","847","高级","饮用水管理","环保署每年督导各县市环保单位每月最少各抽验饮用水水质几件以上?","3","5","10","15","4","环保署每年督导各县市环保单位每月最少各抽验饮用水水质15件以上,不符合标准者处以罚锾并限期改善." "101","848","高级","饮用水管理","水质项目里的硒如过量會为害身体何处?","循环系统","神经系统","消化系统","心脏血管系统","2","高浓度的硒會危害肌肉及神经系统." "101","849","高级","饮用水管理","下列有关水质之叙述,何者「错误」?","美国饮用水中最常出现的寄生虫是梨形原虫(Giardia)","饮用含高浓度氟化物水源的民众普遍都没有蛀牙,但有黄斑牙的情形","硝酸铜处理之主要目的为除去水中藻类之臭味","曝气处理,可以氧化水中铁、锰","3","硫酸铜处理其主要目的是除去水中藻类之臭味." "101","850","高级","温室气体减量","台电每年在夏季用电尖峰实施「夏月电价」.以下何者关於夏月电价的叙述为正确?","於每年6-10月实施","调降供电成本较低的夏月电价","夏月电价收费较高","夏月电价只针对家庭用户实施","3","夏月电价(每年6月~9月)较非夏月(每年1~5月及10~12月)电价为高,系为公平合理反映夏月及非夏月间的季节性供电成本差异.所谓的「夏月电价调整」原则,就是调降供电成本较低的「非夏月」(10月-5月)电价,再调升供电成本较高的「夏月」(6月-9月)电价,以维持全年电费收入不变,并藉此激励全民共同落实节能减碳(适用对象为1,230万户之全体用户)." "101","851","高级","温室气体减量","如果地球没有温室效应,对整体环境會造成何种影响?","北极熊不會面对灭绝的问题","环境會变更美好","地球气温會忽高忽低","对环境没有影响","3","地球之所以可以成为人类居住的环境,多少是仰赖温室效应的保温效果.气候变迁和全球暖化的问题,部分是因为人类排放过多的二氧化碳,造成过度的温室效应,而全球的温度增加.虽然如此,地球是不可能完全没有温室效应的,若失去了温室效应,地球的温度會变不稳定,忽高忽低." "101","852","高级","资源回收","路边有占用道路的废弃车辆,警察机关會先以书面通知车辆所有人(有牌照者),逾期仍未清理或认领,将由环保机关公告,经公告几个月无人认领,再由环保机关送交处理厂处理?","1个月","2个月","3个月","4个月","1","经公告1个月无人认领,再由环保机关将之送交处理厂处理." "101","853","高级","资源回收","台湾地区何时开始实施废乾电池全面回收?","民国88年","民国96年","民国98年","民国100年","1","从民国88年11月1日起,废乾电池开始全面回收,过去公告应回收的电池仅限於含水银电池及镍镉电池." "101","854","高级","资源回收","依據废弃物清理法,家中有一台15年老汽车要报废,可以申请多少奖励金?","$10,000元","$5,000元","$1,000元","500元","3","依據废弃物清理法,目前废汽车车龄10年以上(含)每辆可申请新台币$1,000元,废机车车龄7年以上(含)可申请新台币$300元." "101","855","高级","资源回收","关於资源回收再利用法公告的行为,下列何者「错误」?","限制产品过度包装","限制塑胶类托盘及包装盒使用","废弃物应由制造业者负责处理","公营事业或机构、军事机关应优先采购环保产品","3","资源回收再利用:(1)限制塑胶类托盘及包装盒使用(2)限制产品过度包装(3)第一批政府机关、公立学校、公营事业或机构、军事机关应优先采购环境保护产品项目(4)以网路传输方式申报再生资源之产出、贮存、清运、再使用、再生利用、输入或输出情形之申报格式、项目、内容及频率(5)应以网路传输方式申报再生资源之产出、贮存、清运、再使用、再生利用、输入或输出情形之事业." "101","856","高级","资源回收","保丽龙是由何种塑胶材料制成?","聚苯乙烯","聚氯乙烯","聚丙烯","聚乙烯","1","6号塑胶,聚苯乙烯(Polystyrene;PS),若是发泡聚苯乙烯即为俗称之「保丽龙」." "101","857","高级","资源回收","下列何者「不是」再生利用的行为?","回收纸类制造再生纸","酒瓶清洗后再使用","玻璃瓶磨粉后混入行道砖","以上皆非","2","(1)回收再利用:指再生资源再使用或再生利用之行为.(2)再使用:指未改变原物质形态,将再生资源直接重复使用或经过适当程序恢复原功用或部分功用后使用之行为.(3)再生利用:指改变原物质形态或与其他物质结合,供作为材料、燃料、肥料、饲料等用途或其他经中央目的事业主管机关认定之用途,使再生资源产生功用之行为." "101","858","高级","资源回收","一般纸容器的组成成分为何?","纸+塑胶","纸+腊","纯纸","以上皆是","4","一般纸容器大约可分成3种:(1)纸+塑胶,如:牛奶瓶(2)纸+腊,如:纸杯(3)纯纸,如:纸箱." "101","859","高级","资源回收","下列哪一项是「再生资源」项目?","玻璃","沥青混凝土挖(刨)除料","水淬高炉石(碴)","以上皆是","4","目前再生资源有三个部會,公告八项再生资源项目分别为:经济部(水淬高炉石(碴)、钛铁矿氯化炉碴)、环保署(铁、铜、铝、玻璃、塑胶)及内政部营建署(沥青混凝土挖(刨)除料)." "101","860","高级","环保标章","「低污染、可回收、省能源」指的是哪种标章?","环保署—环保标章","环保署—能源之星","能源局—节能标章","建研所—?建材标章","1","环保标章代表代表「低污染、可回收、?资源」的产品是绿色产品的指标,包括电脑设备、监视器、印表机、传真机、影机、扫瞄器与多功能装置等七种." "101","861","高级","综合企划","民国98年何时起政府机关及学校开始推动「四省(省电、省油、省水、省纸)专案计画」?","98年3月16日","98年6月16日","98年9月16日","98年12月16日","4","《政府机关及学校全面节能减碳措施》自民国97年8月6日奉行政院核定,并於民国98年12月16日第一次修订实施以来,已具成效,惟为促进政府机关及学校更积极规划节能减碳作法、编列相关预算并落实执行,落实全国、全民、全面节能减碳行动,将台湾推向低碳社會." "101","862","高级","绿色产业","关於蒸汽锅炉的叙述,下列何者正确?","为贯流式锅炉","需装置排气含氧量感测元件或检测孔","为处理有毒废气者","都市及产业废弃物混烧","2","(1)於锅炉排气管装置排气含氧量感测元件或检测孔,其装置点应距离锅炉本体排气出口一公尺以内.(2)於锅炉排气管装置排气温度感测元件,其装置点应距离锅炉本体排气出口一公尺以内.惟如锅炉本体排气出口处设有热回收装置时,排气温度感测元件应位於最末热回收装置排气出口一公尺以内." "101","863","高级","水质监测","台湾目前采用RPI评估河川污染,河川污染指标由(A)生化需氧量(B)溶氧量(C)氨氮(D)悬浮固体(E)悬浮液体以上哪些项目之水质参数所组成?","ABCD","ABDE","BCDE","ABCDE","1","目前已普遍作为於台湾各处的水质监测指标,其水质参数为溶氧量(DO)、生化需氧量(BOD5)、悬浮固体(SS)、氨氮(NH3-N)四项,指标即为四项水质点数之算数平均值." "101","864","高级","水污染","藻类及浮游生物大量累积造成优养化的定律是?","比格斯定律","欧姆定律","克卜勒定律","亚佛加厥定律","1","研究藻类生长限制因子是根據力比格斯定律.欧姆定律在研究电动势、电流、电阻之间的关系.克卜勒定律是关於行星运动的定律.亚佛加厥定律是用以解释气体体积(V),压力(P),温度(T)及分子数(N)间之一些性质." "101","865","高级","绿色采购及消费","何谓绿色消费?","日常生活采行简朴节约原则","选购有环保标章的产品","对环境伤害较少者","以上皆是","4","绿色消费所宣导的观念是「改变消费模式」,降低天然资源、毒性物质的使用还有污染物的排放量." "101","866","高级","绿色采购及消费","下列何者「不是」环境标志的用途?","促使区域环境品质标准提昇的催化剂","唤醒民众对环境议题的觉知","帮助消费者确认产品符合某些规格","装饰美化商品","4","环境标志的用途包括:促使区域环境品质标准提昇的催化剂、唤醒民众对环境议题的觉知、帮助消费者确认产品符合某些规格、塑造企业关心环境及消费者的形象、在竞争市场中产品的凸显及有利产品广告行销." "101","867","高级","绿色采购及消费","下列何者为「回收纸制品环保标章规格标准」之环境诉求?","卫生纸的回收纸混合率应为100%","擦手纸的回收纸混合率应为90%(含)以上","再生纸含50%以上回收纸混合率","以上皆是","4","推动环保标章之环境效益-回收纸制品包括:卫生纸的回收纸混合率应为100%、擦手纸的回收纸混合率应为90%(含)以上、再生纸含60%以上回收纸混合率." "101","868","高级","绿色采购及消费","下列何者是正确的绿色行销策略?","提供正确环保观念与知识","不引导过度消费","提供绿色商品相关资讯","以上皆是","4","绿色行销策略包括:提供正确环保观念与知识、不引导过度消费、提供绿色商品相关资讯." "101","869","高级","绿色产业","台湾的绿建筑共分成几级?","3级","5级","7级","9级","2","台湾的绿建筑共分成合格级(0~30%)、铜级(30~60%)、银级(60~80%)、黄?级(80~95%)、钻石级(95%以上)等五级." "101","870","高级","绿色产业","全球生质燃料中,以下何者所占的比例较多?","气态燃料","生质酒精","固态衍生燃料","液态炼解油","2","全球目前生质燃料(Biofuel)产业发展情况而言,以生质酒精与生质柴油等液态生质燃料为主要,被广泛应用作为交通运输用燃油." "101","871","高级","绿色产业","世界上最大的建筑整合风力发电系统位於哪个国家?","法国","中国","美国","日本","3","世界上最大建筑整合风力发电系统在美国奥克拉荷马医学研究基金會的屋顶." "101","872","高级","绿色产业","如果阳明山地区要进行能源开发,最适合者为何?","太阳能","风力能","生质能","地热能","4","阳明山国家公园是台湾唯一以火山地质为保护主题的国家公园,为台湾地热能最富集之地区,其地下水水温度最高达293℃(马槽地热区),地面喷气孔温度最高为120℃(大油坑地热区),从新北投到金山之间长达18公里的狭长地带,就有20几个温泉区与喷气孔." "101","873","高级","绿色产业","在采购冷气时,将冷气能力除以对应的消耗电功率,所得到的数值称为什麽?","BBR","DDE","EER","PPR","3","将测量出来的冷气能力除以测量出来的消耗电功率,即是所谓的EER值,EER值越高代表效率越好,表示越省电." "101","874","高级","绿色产业","生质柴油主要使用在哪个国家或地区?","美国","巴西","欧盟","中国","3","生质柴油主要使用在欧盟国家." "101","875","高级","废弃物管理","民国102年我国垃圾处理方式,以哪一种方法为主?","倾倒","掩埋","焚化","填海","3","目前我国垃圾处理方式,以焚化法为主、掩埋为辅,并持续推动资源回收再利用,以期达到「垃圾零废弃」." "101","876","高级","噪音","噪音测量时,噪音计应放置於下列何种高度?","放在地板上","距离地板0.8-1公尺高","距离地板1.2-1.5公尺高","距离地板1.5-1.8公尺高","3","依噪音管制标准规定,测量高度:(1)测量地点在室外时,声音感应器应置於离地面或测量楼层之楼板延伸线一.二至一.五公尺之间:(2)测量地点为室内时,声音感应器应置於离地面或楼板一.二至一.五公尺之间." "101","877","高级","噪音","在距离路边10公尺量噪音有78分贝,若退到距路边20公尺处,噪音值大约會多少?","80分贝","75分贝","50分贝","55分贝","2","道路通常视为线音源,若无其他影响,与线音源的距离增加一倍,声音能量會减半,噪音值则降低3分贝." "101","878","高级","噪音","以下关於音速的敍述何者「错误」?","每秒大约走340公尺","一马赫即一倍音速","超音速是指比音速快","比光速快","4","音速约为每秒340公尺,會随温度略有增减.光速每秒30万公里.马赫(英文:Machnumber)是表示速度的量词,又叫马赫数.一马赫即一倍音速:马赫数小於1者为次音速,马赫数大於5左右为极音速;马赫数是飞行的速度和当时飞行的音速之比值,大於1表示比音速快,同理,小於1是比音速慢." "101","879","高级","噪音","於第三类管制区内,若某KTV测其噪音值各时段皆为65分贝,下列叙述何者正确?","晚上(以9点为主)仍符合标准","半夜仍符合标准","晚上(9点)就會超过标准","白天不符合标准","3","依98.9.5修正之噪音管制标准,娱乐场第三类管制区之标准值:日间70分贝、晚间60分贝、夜间55分贝." "101","880","高级","噪音","根據环境音量标准,喷射飞机及螺旋桨飞机起降之航空站的全年航空噪音日夜音量值是多少分贝?","50分贝","60分贝","70分贝","80分贝","2","根據环境音量标准第五条喷射飞机及螺旋桨飞机起降之航空站的全年航空噪音日夜音量值为60分贝." "101","881","高级","噪音","测定道路交通噪音之气象条件为无雨、路乾,以及风速每秒多少公尺以下?","二公尺","三公尺","四公尺","五公尺","4","根环境音量标准第三条的六气象条件,道路测定时间内须无风、路乾,以及风速每秒五公尺以下." "101","882","高级","噪音","下列何者是?测仪器主要要求的特性?","灵活度","广泛度","精密度","耐久度","3","?测仪器主要要求的特性?密?与准确?." "101","883","高级","噪音","测量噪音的噪音计之频率带範围为何?","20Hz-1KHz","20Hz-5KHz","20Hz-10KHz","20Hz-20KHz","4","《噪音管制法施行细则》第十二条测量仪器,噪音计频率带範围为20Hz-20KHz." "101","884","高级","噪音","劳工暴露在噪音音压级90分贝时,工作日容许暴露时间为多少小时?","五小时","六小时","七小时","八小时","4","依據《劳工安全卫生设施细则》第十二章第一节第300条规定劳工暴露在噪音音压级90分贝时,工作日容许暴露时间为八小时." "101","885","高级","噪音","三部各别产生60分贝、70分贝和80分贝的汽车同时出现时,合成的噪音值为多少?","70分贝","80分贝","83分贝","150分贝","2","噪音有遮敝效果,大的声音超过小的声音10分贝(含10分贝)以上时,则小的声音會被遮蔽." "101","886","高级","噪音","噪音引起的耳鸣,是下列哪种生理现象?","耳聋","全聋","暂时性聽力损失","永久性聽力损失","3","噪音引起的耳鸣,是属於暂时性聽力损失." "101","887","高级","环保标章","环保标章系指该产品在各类产品项目中,环保表现最优良的前百分之几?","5~10%","10~20%","20~30%","30~40%","3","它是一种商标,颁发给经过严格审查,在各类产品项目中,环保表现最优良的前20~30%的产品." "101","888","高级","环保标章","下列有关水足迹的叙述,何者「错误」?","代表产品或服务之生命周期过程的消耗水量","水足迹越高代表越耗水","电子产品只用电因此没有水足迹","水足迹计算目的是鼓励节水","3","水足迹是代表消费者所购买的商品,在生产过程中消耗的用水量.其创造概念在於让消费者了解「水」在生产线中的重要性及消耗量." "101","889","高级","环保标章","下列有关绿色水足迹的描述,何者正确?","产品生产中所产生的蒸散量","产品生产中消耗的地表水或地下淡水量","为稀释生产中制造污染至标准水质所需要的用水量","作物和森林成长中所吸收的雨量","1","水足迹的计算,由三个部分组成,分别是绿色水足迹、?色水足迹、及灰色水足迹.其中,绿色水足迹代表商品生产过程中产生的蒸散量,?色水足迹则代表消耗的地表水或地下淡水量,灰色水足迹则指稀释生产中制造污染至标准水质所需要的用水量.三者加总即为水足迹." "101","890","高级","环保标章","水足迹之概念,是以产品生命周期概念来评估其用水量,所谓「摇篮到坟墓」是指产品哪一种阶段?","原料与制造阶段","使用阶段","处理阶段","以上皆是","4","水足迹概念来自於一般民众所熟知的「碳足迹」概念,包括产品或服务於生命周期过程,包括原料阶段、制造阶段、使用阶段、运输阶段及废弃阶段之耗水量." "101","891","高级","环保标章","台湾共有几项最新定义之绿建筑指标?","五项","七项","九项","十一项","3","绿建筑九大评估指标包括:日常节能指标、基地绿化指标、二氧化碳减量指标、基地保水指标、废弃物减量指标、水资源指标、污水垃圾改善指标、生物多样性指标与室内环境指标." "101","892","高级","绿色产业","下列何者为绿建筑评估指标?","绿化量指标","二氧化碳减量指标","生物多样性","以上皆是","4","绿建筑九大评估指标包括:日常节约能源、绿化量指标、二氧化碳减量指标、基地保水、废弃物减量、水资源指标、污水垃圾改善指标、生物多样性与室内环境指标." "101","893","高级","环境公平正义","下列何种作法对於促进环境公平正义「没有」实际帮助?","促进环境资讯之公开","落实污染防制与管制","照顾经济与文化弱势群体","鼓励环境相关设施的研发","4","全球各国与民间组织均开始致力於环境人权保障的努力,以弥补「人权宣言」之不足.这些对於个人环境权的保护包括:落实污染防制与管制以确保所有人都享有乾净、安全的空气、阳光、水与土地.建构与维护一个健康、安全以及符合生态原则的居住、工作及休闲环境.促进环境资讯之公开与易得性,并落实住民、民间团体对於环境相关决策有畅通的沟通与参与管道." "101","894","高级","环境公平正义","依據永续发展的原则,下列叙述何者「错误」?","就社會层面,主张公平分配,满足当代与后代之需求","就经济层面,主张建立在保护地球资源系统尚可持续经济发展","就自然生态层面,主张人类与自然和谐相处","就资源层面,应多使用非再生性资源","4","应少使用非再生资源." "101","895","高级","环境教育","卡森(RachelCarson)在1962年发表哪一本书,对日后的环境保护有重大影响?","环保出击(ThetotalQualityCorporation)","我们共同的未来(OurCommonFuture)","寂静的春天(SilentSpring)","濒危的地球(EarthintheBalance)","3","卡森(RachelCarson)在1962年发表寂静的春天,对日后的环境保护有重大影响." "101","896","高级","环境影响评估","环境评估可追溯至美国於1969年制订的什麽法案?","水土保持法案","国家生态保护法案","国家环境政策法案","节能减碳法案","3","环境评估可追溯至美国於1969年制订的「国家环境政策法案(简称NEPA)」,透过NEPA制订国家的环境政策,并建立环境影响评估制度,其后各国亦纷纷仿效在各国推行环评." "101","897","高级","环境影响评估","公司开发矿区将矿石运送到其他地区,哪一项「不會」对环境造成下列何种影响?","交通量增加上下学过马路更危险","造成扬尘,马路空气品质变差","马路會产生许多生活垃圾","有时候會增加铁路运输量","3","公司开发矿区将矿石运送到其他地区,对环境造成影响,包括交通运输量增加,有运输敏感点,造成更多扬尘等影响." "101","898","高级","环境影响评估","高尔夫开发案之废污水排放於地面水体时,其下游會进入农业灌溉水系统,应如何处置?","取得排放口下游灌溉水质权责机构同意后,始得排放.","不必取得下游灌溉水质权则机构同意,可直接排放","可以综合水体平均水质标准排放","可依一般河川水质标准排放","1","高尔夫球场开发后之废污水排放於地面水体时,应取得排放口下游灌溉水质权则机构同意后,始得排放." "101","899","高级","环境影响评估","高尔夫球场开发后之废污水排放於灌排系统时,应依據何标准排放?","灌溉水标准","放流水标准","承受水体水质标准","一般河川水标准","3","高尔夫球场开发后之废污水如要排放於地面水体时,应依據""承受水体""水质标准排放." "101","900","高级","环境影响评估","下列何者「不是」政策环评中,对环境涵容能力评估项目中之水体?","河川与地下水","水库与湖泊","海洋","小埤塘","4","政策环评中对环境涵容能力之评估项目中之水体,包括河川与地下水、水库与湖泊、海洋等,不包括小埤塘." "101","901","高级","环境影响评估","判断某种有害物质是否属於致癌物,属於健康风险评估之哪一步骤?","危害辨识","剂量反应评估","暴露评估","风险特性描述","1","判断某种有害物质是否属於致癌物,属於健康风险评估之危害辨识步骤." "101","902","高级","环境卫生","构成水硬度的两个主要元素为何?","铁和锰","钙和镁","硝酸盐和硫酸盐","氧和矽","2","水中之硬度是由於溶有两价之钙、镁、铁等金属氯化物、硫酸盐及酸式碳酸盐而造成." "101","903","高级","饮用水管理","下列哪一项化学物质,为加氯消毒饮用水中最常见的三卤甲烷类化合物?","氯仿","溴仿","四氯化碳","苯","1","三卤甲烷(THMs)对身体健康具危害性,饮用水中出现频率最高且影响最大者为氯仿." "101","904","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","针对底泥品质指标及管理之相关规定,主要根據下列哪一项法规?","空气污染防制法","水污染防治法","环境基本法","土壤及地下水污染整治法","4","为健全底泥品质管理机制,土壤及地下水污染整治法纳入底泥品质指标及管理等相关规定,环保署并據以拟订「底泥品质指标之分类管理及用途限制办法」." "101","905","高级","环境检验","一般民众暴露於戴奥辛的机會,主要系来自於下列哪一项暴露途径?","呼吸吸入","皮肤吸收","直接注射","日常饮食中的食物摄取","4","人类受戴奥辛暴露的机會,可来自一般环境、意外的暴露及特定工业上的暴露.於环境暴露部分,超过90%以上的来源,系经由日常饮食中的食物摄取而来." "101","906","高级","低碳永续家园","根據统计,民国100年台湾地区能源密集度为每千元多少公升油当量?","7.57公升油当量","9.57公升油当量","11.57公升油当量","13.57公升油当量","1","據统计,民国100年台湾地区能源密集度为7.57公升油当量/千元,较99年降低5.14%." "101","907","高级","低碳永续家园","产品制造过程所产生的温室气体与其碳足迹相比较,何者较大?","生产过程较大","碳足迹较大","两者一样多","两者无法比较","2","一般针对企业及产业温室气体的排放,只有计算制造部分相关的排放,而碳足迹之排放计算,尚须包含产品原物料的开采与制造、产品本身的制造与组装,一直到产品使用时产生的排放、产品废弃或回收时所产生的排放量." "101","908","高级","水质监测","化学需氧量(COD)若用於说明水质,下列叙述何者正确?","化学需氧量愈高,水中溶氧浓度愈高","化学需氧量愈低,水中有机物质含量愈多","化学需氧量愈高,污染愈严重","化学需氧量不适於用来说明水体污染情形","3","化学需氧量适於用来说明水体污染情形,化学需氧量愈高,污染愈严重." "101","909","高级","职业安全卫生","长期暴露於下列何种毒化物會造成再生??性贫血,亦可能會造成血癌?","甲苯","苯","正己烷","二硫化碳","2","苯为骨髓易堆积之有毒代谢物质(一般推测为氧化苯benzeneoxide),长时间慢性暴露易产生骨髓毒性,而有血球过少,产生再生不良性贫血,导至感染、皮下出血、无力、疲劳等现象.再生不良性贫血是一种骨髓造血细胞减少所引起之贫血症,而且此种贫血症,除了红血球减少外,连白血球、血小板也都會减少." "101","910","高级","职业安全卫生","下列何种物质职业暴露常导致过敏性气喘?","氯化钠","氟化氢","二异氰酸甲苯","氰化氢","3","二异氰酸甲苯(TDI)在国外是引起职业性气喘最有名的特定化学物质.监於国内高分子化学工业,仍大量的使用TDI,相关行业气喘的病例,也常在职业医师通报上出,因此针对使用行业进行疾病调查,可望对劳工健康维护的及预防方面提供参考." "101","911","高级","职业安全卫生","1984年在印度波帕尔发生的甲基异氰酸(MIC)中毒事件是属於哪一种中毒?","食物中毒","肝脏中毒","神经中毒","呼吸中毒","4","1984年美国联合碳化公司设在印度波帕尔(Bhopal)的杀虫剂工厂的储槽外泄.这个储槽储存了10,000加仑生产杀虫剂的原料剧毒的异氰酸甲酯(MethylIsocyanate,简称MIC).约三吨的毒气外泄后,毒气云笼罩著工厂附近的平贫民区,造成约2000人死亡、二十多万人住院治疗的悲剧." "101","912","高级","职业安全卫生","下列何者为吸菸与石绵暴露的致癌关系?","相加效应","相乘效应","反射效应","拮抗效应","2","长期吸入石绵纤维可导至呼吸功能降低及石绵沉著病(因肺内组织纤维化而令肺部结疤),多年积聚在人身体内的石绵纤维,更會在十年至四十年后引致肺癌及间皮瘤(Mesothelioma)(胸膜或腹膜癌),倘若长期受石绵暴露,加上有抽烟的习惯,则得肺癌的机率會有相乘的危机,根據统计,有石绵沉著病的病人,患上肺癌的机會较正常人高出五至七倍,但吸烟的石绵沉著病患者患上肺癌的机會较正常人高出九十倍." "101","913","高级","清洁生产","下列哪个选项「不是」欧盟的三大环保指令?","EuP","DFE","RoHS","WEEE","2","欧盟著眼於电子电机废弃物量与质的整合管理,发展出一系列的环保指令,包括WEEE、RoHS及EuP,拟藉由欧盟庞大的单一市场力量,督促厂商建立绿色采购规範." "101","914","高级","清洁生产","下列何者「不是」危害性物质限制指令(RoHS)规範电子产品在制造时不得使用的化学物质?","聚溴联苯(PBB)","铅(Pb)","汞(Hg)","银(Ag)","4","危害性物质限制指令是欧洲联盟在2003年2月所通过的一项环保指令(但并非法律),定於2006年7月1日起生效,主要规範电子产品的材料及工艺标准." "101","915","高级","清洁生产","下列何者为台湾绿建筑评估系统?","EEWH","BREEAM","LEED","CASBEE","1","EEWH为台湾绿建筑评估系统,包含「生态、节能、减废、健康」四大指标群之意,BREEAM为全球第一部绿建筑评估系统,由英国建筑研究所提出,LEED为美国绿建筑协會提出的能源暨环境先导设计,CASBEE为日本建筑物综合环境性能评估系统." "101","916","高级","环境影响评估","环境影响说明书经审查完成,作成结论,若认为开发行为对环境有重大影响之虞,必须进一步评估,其审查结论分类为何?","有条件通过环境影响评估审查","应继续进行第二阶段环境影响评估","认定不应开发","其他经中央主管机关认定者","2","应继续进行第二阶段环境影响评估指环境影响说明书经审查完成,作成结论,认为开发行为对环境有重大影响之虞,必须进一步评估." "101","917","高级","环境影响评估","《环境影响评估法》施行多年,大约为民国几年通过?","83年","92年","73年","88年","1","《环境影响评估法》施行多年,於民国83年通过." "101","918","高级","空气品质监测","台湾地区悬浮微粒型的空气污染,其中何种污染物占70-90%?","硫酸盐或硝酸盐","氮气化物或一氧化碳","臭氧或灰尘","污染源直接排放的粒状物质","4","浮游尘为直径0.1~10MM之空气中微粒悬浮物,主要由煤烟、碳粉、灰及粉尘组成,为台湾地区空气污染主要物." "101","919","高级","人口健康","肠病毒「不會」经由以下何种途径传染?","飞沫","血液","污染的食物","污染的玩具","2","肠病毒的传染性极强,主要经由肠胃道(粪口、水或食物污染)或呼吸道(飞沫、咳嗽或打喷嚏)传染,亦可经由接触病人的分泌物而受到感染." "101","920","高级","人口健康","在台湾,夏季是登革热好发季节,传染登革热的病媒主要为何?","白线点蚊","环纹家蚊","埃及斑蚊","三斑家蚊","3","登革热主要因人被带有登革热病毒的病媒蚊叮咬而感染,如:埃及斑蚊、白线斑蚊,且會有发烧、头痛、关节痛琫症状产生,另外,积水处易孳生蚊子,所以要定时清理." "101","921","高级","空污","若要了解悬浮微粒对环境造成的冲击,「不需要」知道下列哪一种资讯?","人口结构的变化","悬浮微粒的物理特性","悬浮微粒的化学特性","大气变化的情形","1","悬浮微粒的物理、化学特性是提供确认微粒形成机制及微粒来源的重要因子,如果再配合大气变化因子,便能了解不同来源微粒的物理化学因素对环境及生态的冲击." "101","922","高级","原住民","达悟族老人、男人与女人食用不同种类的飞鱼,在生态永续上的观点为何?","体验生物多样性","抑制单一物种灭绝的危机","减少二氧化碳排放量","维持飞鱼的神圣地位","2","一个达悟男子在捕鱼时,必须捕捞到不同种的鱼,以供应家里的男女老少享用.间接地抑制了过量捕杀单一鱼类的危机,也兼顾了生态保育的平衡." "101","923","高级","原住民","以下何者「不是」《原住民基本法》与环境保护之间有关的规定?","应允原住民营利目的之资源利用行为","保护传统之生物多样性知识及智慧创作","回复原住民族部落及山川传统名称","承认原住民族土地及自然资源权利","1","依據《原住民族基本法》第十一条 政府於原住民族地区,应依原住民族意愿,回复原住民族部落及山川传统名称.第十三条 政府对原住民族传统之生物多样性知识及智慧创作,应予保护.但是第十九条规定原住民得在原住民族地区依法从事下列非营利行为:猎捕野生动物、采集野生植物及菌类、采取矿物、土石、利用水资源.前项各款,以传统文化、祭仪或自用为限." "101","924","高级","原住民","原住民委员會为开发原住民族地区的温泉,「不得」以哪些方式来进行?","结合社区或部落居民辅导兴办温泉民宿","辅导兴办社区或部落公共浴池","辅导兴办文化产业、生态产业、特色产业","引进国际财团投资整体开发温泉观光区","4","依據《原住民个人或团体经营原住民族地区温泉辅导及奖励办法》第十条规定本办法所需经费.第十一条本會为发展原住民族地区之温泉,得结合社区或部落居民,辅导兴办温泉民宿、社区或部落公共浴池、文化产业、生态产业、特色产业及其他温泉观光事项,促进社区或部落之整体发展." "101","925","高级","原住民","达悟族传统的家屋皆有高耸的边墙,其作用为何?","作为明显的边界,划分势力範围","保障家居时的隐私","因应多强风的气候,作为屏障之用","防止猛兽攻击","3","房屋构造是适应天然环境的结果,由於兰屿多强风,达悟族的传统家屋都有高耸的边墙做为屏障." "101","926","高级","原住民","达悟族发展出独特建筑於坡地的「半穴居」,为维持居住安全及品质,於建筑初期最重要的规划为何?","维持室内品质,注意室内的通风条件","重视祖灵的庇护,严格控制屋舍座向","避免猛兽的攻击,架设良好的趋敌设施","规划良好的排水系统,避免屋舍淹水","4","半穴居因三分之二结构在地底下的主屋,如果排水系统不够精密,稍一下雨?有积水的问题,为此达悟族人在建屋之前都會事先考虑清楚,规划将排水系统一直打通到大海,完成这项工程后,方可进?其他建筑的部分." "101","927","高级","原住民","邹、泰雅、赛夏与太鲁阁等族之部分族人居住於高山地区,其搭建家屋最常见之材料为何?","族人烧制的砖头","鹅卵石、泥土","竹子、树木、茅草等","黑色页岩","3","居住在高山地区的泰雅、太鲁阁、赛夏、邹等族,则选择以竹子、树木、茅草为材,搭建自己的家屋." "101","928","高级","原住民","以散居的方式分布在高山地区的布农族与泰雅族,有别於其他原住民集村的群居形式,其最主要的原因为何?","按传统自行选择居住地点","适用耕地分散,不利群居","猎物体型较娇小,不需集体狩猎","族人个性独立,不喜群居","2","布农族与泰雅族以散村分布於高山,而其他族群均以集村形式聚居.二族所处的高海拔地?环境,因为高海拔的山地水源较少,适耕地较分散,而?物也较稀少,为?取得适宜之自然资源,散村形式较能达到目的.另外,又由於高山地区,他族群之竞争对手较少,促使他们大胆地散居山区." "101","929","高级","空气品质监测","一般而言,高屏地区空气品质最理想的季节是下列何者?","春季","夏季","秋季","冬季","2","秋末与冬季时期,台湾主要受锋面及东北季风影响,北部及东部地区空气品质普遍较佳;中南部地区因位於中央山脉之背风面,风速微弱且日照较强,清晨近地面即易形成逆温层,不利於污染物之扩散,空气品质较差." "101","930","高级","空气品质监测","实验显示,光波长介於哪一个範围的紫外线,會破坏生物的染色体?","350-400奈米","300-350奈米","270-300奈米","250-260奈米","4","紫外线會导致白内障、皮肤癌、眼膜炎、灼伤、老化、皮肤厚化和开裂等症状.实验显示波长250-260nm的紫外线,會破坏染色体,对生物威胁很大,但波长小於280nm的紫外线在透过大气层时,几乎已被吸收殆尽,因此对人类尚不致有太大的影响." "101","931","高级","空气品质监测","根據空污法法规,细悬浮微粒(FineParticulateMatters)系指悬浮在空气中气动粒径小於多少?","PM1.0","PM2.5","PM10","TSP","2","细悬浮微粒(FineParticulateMatters),系指悬浮在空气中气动粒径小於2.5μm以下的粒子(简称PM2.5)." "101","932","高级","空气品质监测","作为代表大区域範围空气品质,并避开局部污染源所设置的监测站,属於下列哪一类空气品质监测站?","一般测站","工业测站","交通测站","背景测站","1","「一般空气品质监测站」设置於人口密集、可能发生高污染或能反映较大区域空气品质分布?况之地区,用以评估人体曝?情形及对健康影响程?,其为代表大区域範围空气品质.设置时须避开局部污染源,如汽机?排放废气等." "101","933","高级","空气品质监测","环保署空品监测站,每隔多久发布新的空气污染指标值?","每半小时","每1小时","每3小时","每6小时","2","空气品质监测结果,每小时均换算成空气污染指标,经由网际网?每小时?新环保署全球资讯网最新之小时值、PSI值,每日提供隔日空气品质预测资?." "101","934","高级","海洋污染","下列何者「不属於」《海洋污染防治法》所管轄的範围?","潮间带","领海","不含感潮河段之河川","大陆礁层上覆水域","3","适合海洋污染防治法管轄之水域,包括:中华民国管轄之潮间带、内水、领海、邻接区、专属经济海域及大陆礁层上覆水域." "101","935","高级","海洋污染","根據《海域环境监测及监测站设置办法》,海域环境监测之「选择监测水质项目」,「不包括」下列哪一个化学组成?","叶绿素a","二氧化硫","重金属","营养盐","2","根據海域环境监测及监测站设置办法,海域环境监测项目应依污染源类别或海域特性,按下列方式办理:一、应监测项目:(一)海域水文:流速、流向、水温.(二)海域水质:盐度、氢离子浓度指数、溶氧量、悬浮固体.(三)其他经中央主管机关指定之项目.二、选择监测项目:(一)海域水文:波高、波向、波浪周期.(二)海域水质:水中光强度、叶绿素a、大肠杆菌群、重金属、营养盐.(三)海域生物:浮游生物、底栖生物." "101","936","高级","海洋污染","「水华」指的是水域呈现何种现象?","当一个水域中藻类大量增生,到达一种极为显著的现象","当一个水域中被大量油污污染,变成一片死寂的海洋","当一个水域中出现过多的外来种,导致生态失衡受影响的现象","当一个水域中鱼类大量繁衍,表现出高度生物多样性的现象","1","?当一个水域中藻类大量增生,到达一种极为显著的现象,即为水华.例如有机废物造成的优养化,常是水库、池塘甚至海岸边的水华形成原因.一般对水产养殖有经验的人都知道,当养殖池出现水华,即是池水含有大量有机废物.这时由於藻类大量增生,白天因行光合作用,池中生物尚无大碍,但在晚上因行呼吸作用,造成水中含氧急速下降,池中的鱼贝类因此窒息大量死亡,然后腐败的屍体,伴随大量死亡的藻类浮於水表." "101","937","高级","海洋污染","民国90?,希?籍货?「阿玛斯号」铁矿砂船在垦丁外海搁浅,并导致附近海域受到污染,其导致海洋污染之主要原因为何?","船上化学品外泄","船用油品泄漏","船上铁砂泄漏","船体腐蚀","2","民国90?1月14日,一艘希?籍货?「阿玛斯号」携带著?万吨的铁矿砂,因机械故障失去动?,在垦丁国家公园?坑保护区外海搁浅,因而引发「阿玛斯号泄油事件」." "101","938","高级","空污","下列哪一种粒径的大气悬浮微粒,也被称之为呼吸性微粒?","粒径小於10μm的微粒","粒径介於10~15μm之微粒","粒径介於15~20μm之微粒","粒径大於20μm之微粒","1","悬浮微粒依其粒径大小而对呼吸道的影响有所差异,一般将粒径小於或等於10μm的微粒称之为呼吸性微粒,因为这些微粒可随著呼吸作用进入呼吸系统,并依其粒径由大至小分别沉降於鼻腔、呼吸道及肺泡细胞,而对於呼吸道有所危害." "101","939","高级","空污","过去为提高汽油的辛烷值而增加下列何种物质?","四乙基铅","石棉","氮氧化物","二甲苯","1","过去高级汽油中加入高含量之四乙基铅,主要为提高汽车之辛烷值并当做抗震剂,如此可使汽车引擎顺畅运转.但因引擎排气中的铅微粒,會对环境及人类健康造成不利影响." "101","940","高级","空污","下列哪一项是导致酸雨产生之主要化学物质?","氯离子","钠离子","硫酸根","氨根","3","一般酸雨的化学组成中,较重要的物种包括H+、Cl-、NO3-、SO2-4、NH4+、K+、Na+、Ca2+及Mg2+?等九种.其来源包括自然来源及人为来源,一般而言NO3-及SO2-4为主要的致酸物质,其硫氧化物与氮氧化物转化而来." "101","941","高级","空污","香菸燃烧过程所释出的化学物质中,至少有几种已被证实具有致癌性?","10种以上","20种以上","40种以上","60种以上","3","每支香烟经过燃烧,可产生4000余种化合物,其中部分散播於空气中,部分被吸入肺部组织内.除了尼古丁、焦油、一氧化碳外,其中包含的化学成分有四十种以上,已被研究证实为致癌物质,数十种被证实为刺激物质." "101","942","高级","空污","为防止营建工程之空气污染,对於第一级营建工程者,其全阻隔式围篱高度不得低於多少公尺?","1.2公尺","1.5公尺","2.4公尺","3.0公尺","3","营建业主於营建工程进行期间,应於营建工地周界设置定著地面之全阻隔式围篱及防溢座.属第一级营建工程者,其围篱高度不得低於二.四公尺;属第二级营建工程者,其围篱高度不得低於一.八公尺.但其围篱坐落於道路转角或转弯处十公尺以内者,得设置半阻隔式围篱." "101","943","高级","空污","《机动车辆停车怠速熄火管理办法》规定停车怠速逾几分钟即应关闭引擎?","1分钟","3分钟","5分钟","7分钟","2","对於机动车辆於公私立停车场、道路(不包含高速公路、快速公路及快速道路)及其他供机动车辆停放、接驳、转运之场所,停车怠速逾3分钟,即应关闭引擎." "101","944","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","加油站漏油污染土壤,如碰到砾石层,其污染情形會如何?","仅污染土壤下层部分砾石层污染","會快速污染整个砾石层","不會往下继续渗漏,因毛细管不连续","污染土壤部分會自动分解油污","2","加油站漏油后污染土壤后,如碰到砾石层污染會立即水平大量快速扩散,造成大面积污染." "101","945","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","土壤受到污染后,使用各种整治技术之主要考量为何?","民众整治意愿","整治技术成熟度与需求","整治成本及效果","整合技术可行性","3","土壤受到污染后,使用各种整治技术之主要考量为整治成本与效果,其他因素其次." "101","946","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","业主要将工厂停业或歇业时,自行发现土壤及地下水污染场址,污染业主如何决定使用何种整治技术?","邀请专业顾问公司调查污染状况后提出可行技术即可","邀请顾问公司提出可行技术后,需通知地方政府环保局专案委员會通过","邀请顾问公司提出可行技术,需通知地方环保局通过且需与地区居民沟通协调","邀请顾问公司提出可行技术,通知环保署通过且需与地区居民沟通协调","1","业主要将工厂停业或歇业时,自行发现土壤及地下水污染场址,依土水整修法规定,污染业主可自行邀请专业顾问公司调查污染状况后提出可行技术即可,不需通知地方政府环保局专案委员會通过." "101","947","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","哪种物质「不是」地下水的主要污染物?","石油化学物质","砷","重金属","塑胶","4","塑胶不是地下水的主要污染物,因为不溶於水." "101","948","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","下列对於生物堆法的叙述何者正确?","於受污染之土壤上饲养家禽","以生物降解处理污染物","一般整治期程至少要五年","利用基因改造生物进行生物降解","2","生物堆法主要将受污染土壤挖出后,以生物降解作用处理污染物之离地生物整治技术.在理想情况下,一般整治期程约六个月至二年." "101","949","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","评估可利用超级累积植物吸收移除污染土壤中重金属,大约要几年?","少於30年","50-100年","200-500年","大於500年","1","由於利用超级累积植物吸收移除污染土壤中重金属之速度很慢,评估可利用超级累积植物吸收移除污染土壤中重金属,大约要少於30年才可被接受." "101","950","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","在台湾为何「不能」使用现地固化法或稳定法以降低污染物从土壤中溶出?","考量现地固化法或稳定法之物质會再从土壤中溶出","整治费用较高且會引起二次污染","污染物管制标准以全量为管制依據","可能會使土壤变成废弃物无法资源再利用","3","依土壤及地下水污染整治法,土壤污染物之管制标准为全量分析,因此在台湾为何不能使用""现地固化法或稳定法以降低污染物从土壤中溶出,因后者以溶出为考量标准." "101","951","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","典型之化学处理方法,利用还原剂将污染区之重金属之型态改变,如六价铬还原为三价铬,此技术主要目的为何?","可分解部分重金属污染","为了降低重金属毒性","经现地应用需控制之条件尚可,属经济可行","为了增加整治的时间","2","将污染区之六价铬还原为三价铬,此技术主要目的为了降低重金属铬的毒性." "101","952","高级","土壤及地下水污染整治","我国土壤污染事件可溯自72年之何者事件?","桃园县高银化工公司及基力化工公司农地镉污染","云林县虎尾镇稻米镉污染","彰化县花坛乡白沙村农地镉污染","台湾美国无线电公司(RCA)桃园厂土壤及地下水污染","1","我国土壤污染事件可溯自民国72年桃园县高银化工公司及基力化工公司农地镉污染,其后陆续发生了云林县虎尾镇稻米镉污染、彰化县花坛乡白沙村农地镉污染.民国83年台湾美国无线电公司(RCA)桃园厂发现土壤及地下水污染,亦引起社會大众关切." "101","953","高级","环境影响评估","某公司拟於山坡地设立大型观光饭店及大型游乐区开发案时,面积广达20公顷,下列哪个选项「不是」用来判断是否适宜开发的考虑要项?","地质稳定性及山区道路坡度行车安全性","废污水产生量及回收处理再利用","水土保持预防与因应","交通车辆管制防治措施","4","於坡地设立大型观光及游乐区开发案时,「不是」用来判断是否适宜开发的考虑要项为交通车辆管制防治措施" "101","954","高级","环境影响评估","台湾中部或南部地区各种大型水库或大型工业区开发案时,大都會面临哪些环境品质考量问题?","水源与水量不足,造成农民与开发业者抢水大战","在枯水期排放水进口河川后,无水可稀释,造成河川污染疑虑","排放水进入附近河川后,排放口下游为农田水利會之灌溉水取水口所造成困扰","以上皆是","4","台湾中部或南部地区各种大型开发案均會面临环境品质考量问题为水质与水量,尤其是枯水期之生活饮用水及灌溉水质与水量." "101","955","高级","文化保存","下列何者为「自然地景」文化资产主管机关?","文化部","环境保护署","农业委员會","内政部","3","文化资产保存法第四条,第三条第七款自然地景之主管机关,在中央为行政院农业委员會.在直轄市为直轄市政府;在县(市)为县(市)政府." "101","956","高级","文化保存","依《文化资产保存法》规定,「古蹟之管理维护」所指事项为何?","日常保养及定期维修","防盗、防灾、保险","使用或再利用经营管理","以上皆是","4","依據《文化资产保存法》第二十条所示." "101","957","高级","文化保存","(A)主管机关、(B)所有人、(C)使用人、(D)管理人,下列哪些人可申请「历史建筑」之登录?","AB","BC","CD","AD","1","依據《文化资产保存法》第十五条所示." "101","958","高级","文化保存","含括「国定」、「直轄市定」、「县市定」古蹟,下列县市登录的各级古蹟数量最多?","台北市","彰化县","台南市","新北市","1","至民国102年4月1日,含「国定」、「直轄市定」、「县市定」古蹟,台北市共登录151件古蹟,彰化县共43件,台南市共131件,新北市共68件." "101","959","高级","文化保存","蔗糖生产为台湾早期重要工业之一,下列何者「未」依《文化资产保存法》,被登录为工业地景之文化景观?","云林斗六糖厂","花莲糖厂","云林虎尾糖厂","高雄桥仔头糖厂","3","至2013年4月1日,「云林虎尾糖厂」未登录为文化景观,其鐡桥、第一及第三公差宿舍、厂长宿舍、虎尾驿等建物被登录为县市定古蹟." "101","960","高级","文化保存","台湾的「自然保护区域」划设及其法源,下列何者正确?","野生动物重要栖息环境-野生动物保育法","自然保留区-森林法","自然保护区-文化资产保存法","以上皆非","1","「自然保留区」依據法源为「文化资产保存法」;「自然保护区」依據法源为「森林法」." "101","961","高级","原住民","以下何者「不是」《原住民基本法》颁布以实行原住民族自治的主因?","原住民地区普遍缺乏民主政治实作权力","为要保障原住民族之平等地位","保障原住民族之自主发展","要尊重原住民族的意愿","1","依據《原住民族基本法》第四条规定政府应依原住民族意愿,保障原住民族之平等地位及自主发展,实行原住民族自治;其相关事项,另以法律定之." "101","962","高级","原住民","原住民委员會为开发原住民族地区的温泉所需经费之主要来源是?","未来的经营财团","原住民族综合发展基金之温泉取用费每年提拨百分之六十","原住民委员會之预算","地方县政府都市计画重划经费","2","依據《原住民个人或团体经营原住民族地区温泉辅导及奖励办法》第十条规定本办法所需经费,由本法第十一条规定应纳入原住民族综合发展基金之温泉取用费每年提拨百分之六十及本會编列预算支应之." "101","963","高级","原住民","中央目的事业主管机关拟於原住民族地区划定资源治理区域前,必须将计画内容公告阅览,以下何者「不是」被要求的项目?","计画目的、範围","经营管理事项","与当地共管事项","营利回馈与补偿项目","4","依據《原住民族地区资源共同管理办法》第三条规定中央目的事业主管机关於划定资源治理区域前,应将计画目的、範围、经营管理及与当地共管事项等计画内容,於治理区域内乡(镇、市)公告阅览及举行公聽會,并经当地原住民族同意后,始得划定资源治理区域." "101","964","高级","原住民","如果当地原住民族部落會议议决为否决者,中央目的事业主管机关可以如何回应?","修正计画书内容,重行办理公告阅览、公聽會及部落會议","永远撤回该计画书","三年内不得在相同範围内提案","以上皆非","1","依據《原住民族地区资源共同管理办法》第五条部落會议议决结果,应於七日内由乡(镇、市)公所提报县(市)政府转送中央目的事业主管机关公告之.当地原住民族议决为否决者,中央目的事业主管机关得修正计画书内容,依第三条及前条规定之程序重行办理公告阅览、公聽會及部落會议." "101","965","高级","职业安全卫生","下?有关恕限值(ThresholdLimitValues)之叙述,何者正确?","可适用於加班的?况","工作???低於恕限值,并?能完全排除职业病发生之可能性","可用於作为一般生活环境之标准","可作为毒性与危害性之相对指标","2","恕限值不适用於加班的?况,不可用於作为一般生活环境之标准也不可作为毒性与危害性之相对指标." "101","966","高级","职业安全卫生","哪一类火灾是指电器火灾?","甲(A)类","乙(B)类","丙(C)类","丁(D)类","3","电器火灾属於丙(C)类火灾:系由电力设施、电气设备,因电力之使用不当所引起的火灾.例如:马达、开关设备、接线盒、变压器、其他通电线路等.灭火必须使用非导电灭火剂如乾化学剂、二氧化碳灭火剂以扑灭.泡沫及水均不宜使用,因其具有导电性,并且可能使救火人员触电.但是电源切断后,可视同甲、乙类火灾." "101","967","高级","职业安全卫生","二异氰酸甲苯(TDI)对人体會造成危害,它属於何种物质?","窒息性物质","致过敏性物质","麻醉性物质","致癌性物质","2","二异氰酸甲苯(TDI)对人体會造成过敏危害,它属於致过敏性物质." "101","968","高级","职业安全卫生","有关生物危害预防与控制的叙述,下列何者「错误」?","遵守微生物实验室操作守则","生物安全柜内在为正压","生物安全柜应双HEPA过滤排气","生物安全柜应气密式","2","生物安全柜内在为负压." "101","969","高级","职业安全卫生","下?何者为物?性危害因子?","红外线","粉尘","重复性动作","退伍军人菌","1","红外线暴露属物?性危害因子." "101","970","高级","职业安全卫生","台湾职业病的病史中「飞歌事件」,是属哪一种溶剂中毒?","正己烷","四氯化碳","三氯乙烯","二异氰酸甲苯","3","台湾职业病的病史中「飞歌事件」,是属接触有机溶剂-三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯中毒,致患肝病死亡的案件." "101","971","高级","职业安全卫生","短时间暴露限值是规範劳工任何一次连续多少时间的暴露,均「不得」超过之浓度?","连续5分钟","连续10分钟","连续15分钟","连续30分钟","3","短时间暴露限值(Short-TermExposureLimit)是规範劳工任何一次连续15分钟时间的暴露,均不得超过之浓度." "101","972","高级","人口健康","根據台湾卫生署的资料,民国100年国人主要死因为何?","慢性疾病","传染病","罕见疾病","急性疾病","1","民国100年国人死因结构,慢性疾病死因占6成." "101","973","高级","人口健康","为什麽夏季为感染登革热的高风险期?","夏季天气热,人们穿著较为单薄,容易被蚊子叮咬","土耳其斑蚊在夏季大量繁衍","夏季常常下雨,造成环境潮湿,积水处增加","因为夏季的天气太热造成免疫力较低","3","登革热病媒蚊(埃及斑蚊、白线斑蚊)都是在白天吸血,吸血场所大多在屋内、野外阴暗处,如树林或竹林内,因此住家应装设纱门、纱窗.登革热病媒因为夏季常常下雨,造成环境潮湿,积水处增加,大量繁衍,造成登革热病例突然?增的现象,而过了夏季后又回?正常值." "101","974","高级","人口健康","乌脚病和皮肤癌与饮用水中的什麽元素有关?","铅","砷","镉","汞","2","台湾西南沿岸乌脚病地区的乌脚病和皮肤癌和饮用水中的砷有关." "101","975","高级","人口健康","下列何者为霍乱的传染方法?","被患者的飞沫传染","吃到或喝到受感染的水或食物","接触到患者的手","经由蚊子叮咬传染","2","霍乱的主要传染途径是「粪口」感染.因此,吃到或喝到遭病人或带菌者粪便、呕吐物污染的水或食物或生食受霍乱弧菌污染的海鲜、水产品(特别是甲鱼类)时,就有可能會感染.由於霍乱弧菌对胃酸的抵抗力不佳,通常须吃入大量的细菌才會致病,但在胃酸不足或胃部切除过的人或免疫机能较差者,则少量的细菌即可能致病." "101","976","高级","人口健康","下列哪一种方式能够为尽量避免吃到蔬果农药残留的机率?","选择食用轮番采收的蔬菜","吃当季盛产的蔬果","选择食用抢收及抢种的蔬菜","不剥皮直接吃蔬果","2","蔬果农药残留的预防之道如下:(1)少吃轮番采收的蔬菜如小黄瓜.(2)多吃当季蔬果,病虫害最少,使用的农药最少.(3)少吃抢收及抢种的蔬菜.(4)少生食.(5)需要剥皮的水果如香蕉橘子荔枝等一定要先洗过再剥皮,否则手被污染了再拿果肉吃,易吃下农药." "101","977","高级","人口健康","槟榔对健康的危害,「不包括」下列何者?","口腔癌","牙龈萎缩","口腔黏膜下纤维化","口蹄病","4","嚼食槟榔块可能會造成口腔癌或癌前徵兆.长期嚼槟榔块會造成牙齿的磨损、磨耗,咀嚼功能变差,由於牙齿珐琅质的丧失會造成牙齿的畏冷、怕热、怕酸等敏感反应;更严重的是,會造成牙髓的变性或死亡.槟榔对健康的危害包括口腔癌、牙龈萎缩、口腔黏膜下纤维化." "101","978","高级","空污","下列何者是政府针对固定污染源提出的管制政策?","针对玻璃业订定硫氧化物排放浓度标准","加急机动车辆排放废气标准","管制油品之含硫量","发布「车用汽柴油成分管制标准」","1","在固定污染源方面,政府除订定「固定污染源空气污染物排放标准」,针对SOx及NOx排放浓度限值之一般行业订定管制标准之外,也针对电力业、玻璃业、钢铁烧结及一般废弃物焚化炉等行业加严标准." "101","979","高级","空污","下列有关我国车用柴油之规定,何者正确?","其中添加2%的生质柴油","其中均未添加生质柴油","其中添加10%的酒精","其中添加50%汽油","1","经济部为持续推动生质柴油执行计画,将石油炼制业及输入业销售国内之车用柴油掺配生质柴油添加比率提高至百分之二." "101","980","高级","空污","在产生相同能量下,重型柴油引擎使用生质柴油与化石柴油对环境的效益,下列何者正确?","二氧化碳仅有化石柴油的15~40%","悬浮微粒排放仅下降1%","一氧化碳排放量略微增加","生质柴油含大量硫,會产生致癌风险物质","1","(1)依美国环保署对重型柴油引擎完整的研究,结果悬浮微粒、一氧化碳与碳氢化合物的排放都大幅下降,最高可达40%以上,而一氧化氮NOx略微上升.(2)生质柴油中硫与芳香族,远低於化石柴油,对有致癌风险之污染物排放,有降50%以上的效果.(3)最显著的效益在:产生相同能量其二氧化碳仅有化石原料的15~40%." "101","981","高级","空污","我国固定污染源空污费,其徵收方式为下列何者?","依工厂登记规模徵收","依污染物种类及实际排放量徵收","不论污染物种类,以排放总量徵收","以原料用量徵收","2","固定污染源依污染物之种类及实际排放量徵收;移动污染源则采随油徵收." "101","982","高级","空气品质监测","我国空气品质管理法中所管制的微生物是下列哪二种?","真菌、细菌","霉菌、酵母菌","病毒、细菌","霉菌、病毒","1","目前管制项目包括下列九项:二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲醛、总挥发性有机化合物、细菌、真菌、粒径小於等於10微米之悬浮微粒、粒径小於等於2.5微米之悬浮微粒、臭氧." "101","983","高级","空气品质监测","下列有关环保署空气品质自动监测站之敍述,何者「错误」?","以一般空气品质监测站最多","交通空气品质监测站主要在量测交通污染","国家公园空气品质监测站主要在量测国家公园内的空气品质","超级测站主要在追踨超级台风的动态","4","环保署空气品质监测站种类有:一般空气品质监测站、工业空气品质监测站、交通空气品质监测站、国家公园空气品质监测站、背景空气品质监测站、超级测站(量测粒径小於2.5微米悬浮微粒(PM2.5)质量与成分)、光化学测站、逆温测站等." "101","984","高级","非游离辐射及物理公害","西元2013年时,我国规定极低频电磁场暴露限制值在频率60Hz时为833.3mG(亳高斯,或83.33微特斯拉),至於其他国家情形,下列叙述何者「错误」?","美国联邦法规限制比我国严格","日本、南韩与我国规定相同","中国及香港均尚未制定限值","丹麦及加拿大均尚未制定限值","1","美国於西元2013年时,尚无联邦法规限制,但有些州有地区性限制.而日本与南韩则规範在60Hz时为833.3mG.另外同时未制定的国家包含中国、香港、菲律宾、卢森堡、塞普路斯、丹麦、西班牙、加拿大、墨西哥、格陵兰、巴西、阿根廷、智利、巴拉圭、秘鲁、埃及等." "101","985","高级","海洋污染","依我国规定,从事海域工程造成海洋污染时,下列叙述何者正确?","會被罚30-150万元罚锾","不用理會,因为海洋涵容力强","只要采取措施减轻污染即可","只需立即通知主管机关","1","(1)依《海洋污染防治法》(第十九条):公私场所从事海域工程致严重污染海域或有严重污染之虞时,应即采取措施以防止、排除或减轻污染,并即通知主管机关及目的事业主管机关.(2)(第48、49条)处新台币30万元以上,150万元以下罚锾." "101","986","高级","温室气体减量","在亚洲地区,人均碳排放最高的是下列哪个国家?","中国","台湾","日本","南韩","2","台湾平均二氧化碳排放量以11.26吨,排名全世界第18,在亚洲地区则居第一,其次为居全球第25名的南韩、26名的日本" "101","987","高级","温室气体减量","下列何者为碳中和的标准?","PAS2060","PAS1060","ISO14050","ISO12050","1","行政院环境保护署於2011年7月参考PAS2060:2010标准,正式公告「碳中和实施与宣告指引」,鼓励企业参与及提供消费者有关商品或服务正确的碳管理资讯." "101","988","高级","温室气体减量","关於黄金标准基金會的目标,下列何者「错误」?","帮助具有可持续能源专案的投资","确保可续性开发案贡献的显著性与持久性","确保投资案对环境之影响","降低公众对再生能源与能源效率的支持","4","黄金标准(GoldStandard)为符合《京都协议书》规範下之CDM、JI与自愿性减量市场中之温室气体减量认证机制.黄金标准基金會的目标为:帮助具有可持续能源专案的投资;确保可续性开发案贡献的显著性与持久性;确保投资案对环境之影响;提高公众对再生能源与能源效率的支持." "101","989","高级","温室气体减量","下列何者「不属於」碳交易的机制?","缴交空污费","清洁发展机制","联合履行","排放交易","1","为达到《联合国气候变化框架公约》全球温室气体减量的最终目的,其法律架构约定了三种排减机制:清洁发展机制(CDM)、联合履行(JI)、排放交易(ET)." "101","990","高级","温室气体减量","我国推动产业温室气体盘查作业,主要系参考下列何者?","ISO/CNS14064-1","ISO/CNS13064-1","ISO/CNS14000-1","ISO/CNS1300-1","1","我国推动产业温室气体盘查作业,主要系参考国际间ISO/CNS14064-1及GHGProtocol温室气体盘查议定书规範." "101","991","高级","化学品管理","持久性有机污染物经由蒸发或风力影响,不断释放至大气中,并沈积在远离其排放地点的地区,是属於下列哪一种效应?","比马龙效应","蝴蝶效应","蚱蜢效应","寒蝉效应","3","持久性有机污染物具有毒性、难以降解、生物累积性及具有蚱蜢效应,能经由不断蒸发及沈降,在大气至远离污染源排放地区间传递,藉由空气、水和迁徙物种作跨越国际边界的迁移,并沈积在远离其排放地点的地区." "101","992","高级","化学品管理","环境用药产品有效期限,最长为几??","三年","五年","七年","九年","2","依环境用药许可证申请核发作业准则第十六条环境用药产品有效期限,最长为五年." "101","993","高级","化学品管理","台湾依毒性化学物质管理法将毒化物分成四类,急毒性物质属於第几类?","第一类","第二类","第三类","第四类","3","毒性化学物质管理法依毒性分为四类,第一类为难分解物质、第二类为慢毒性物质、第三类为急毒性物质及第四类为疑似毒化物." "101","994","高级","化学品管理","下列何者是环保署针对环境卫生用药产品核准的许可证字号?","环署卫制字第OOO号","环署毒制字第OOO号","环署废制字第OOO号","环署医制字第OOO号","1","对於选购环境用药时只要认明有环保署许可证字号:「环署卫制字第号」或「环署卫输字第号」,其他都不是核准字号." "101","995","高级","温室气体减量","南太平洋的岛国吐瓦?之所以要举国移民?西?的主要原因为何?","环境污染严重","超抽地下水导致地层下陷","气候过?炎热","海平面上升即将淹没家园","4","吐瓦鲁(英语:Tuvalu),是位於南太平洋的岛国.由於地势极低,温室效应造成的海平面上升对吐瓦鲁造成非常严重的威胁." "101","996","高级","空气品质监测","大气中的悬浮微粒对整个环境造成很大的影响,故政府於民国91年建置下列何种监测站?","超级测站","光化学测站","逆温测站","交通空气品质监测站","1","近年来大气中的悬浮微粒渐渐地引起大家的研究兴趣,为了要更详加的了解悬浮微粒与自然界变化现象的关系,政府於民国91年正式运动超级测站." "101","997","高级","废弃物管理","下列哪种行为是工厂将应负的成本责任,转嫁给社會大众?","工厂将处理好的废气排出","工厂排出未处理的废水","工厂生产可回收产品","工厂将废弃物运往焚化厂处理","2","将未处理的废水排出是工厂将应负责成本的责任,但却转移给社會大众,因为排放废水的污染是来自於工厂,因此废水处理的成本应该是由工厂来承担此部分的环境成本." "101","998","高级","废弃物管理","下列何者为资源回收四合一计画中,社区民众、学校所需配合的项目?","支付回收清除处理费","成立民间回收团体","定时、定点、定线进行资源回收","回收资源垃圾","4","民众应先将资源回收物洗净、沥乾、压扁,再交给清洁隊或回收商回收.回收清除处理费为回收基金所支付.民间回收团体如资源回收商或一般公益团体等.定时、定线回收属於地方政府(如清洁隊)应配合事项." "101","999","高级","废弃物管理","?依據《废弃物管理法》,?回收废机车奖励金每辆为300元,家中有废机车要报废需要满几年车龄才可领取奖励金?","7年","5年","3年","10年","1","?依據《废弃物管理法》,废汽车之车龄达十年以上(含)者;废机车之车龄达七年以上(含)者,可向合法回收业者於报废车体时,索取回收奖励金申请单.?" "101","1000","高级","废弃物管理","以下何者为已公告可做土壤改?用途之事业废弃物种??","蔗渣","蔗渣烟?灰","制???","以上皆可","4","蔗渣、蔗渣烟?灰及制???皆可在做为培养土原料、土壤改良或等肥料原料等再利用用途." "101","1001","高级","废弃物管理","下列哪个国际公约的内容,是在协商减少有害废弃物的产生,并避免跨国运送时造成的环境污染?","巴塞尔公约","斯德哥尔摩公约","联合国海洋法公约","华盛顿公约","1","《巴塞尔公约》的主要目的为:(1)减少有害废弃物之产生,并避免跨国运送时造成的环境污染.(2)提倡就地处理有害废弃物,以减少跨国运送.(3)妥善管理有害废弃物之跨国运送,防止非法运送行为.(4)提升有害废弃物处理技术,促进无害环境管理之国际共识." "101","1002","高级","人口健康","下列何者是全球因食物,而引发疾病不断增加的原因?","全球食物链","快速都市化","外食增加","以上皆是","4","全球食物链、快速都市化以及外食增加和全球因食物引起的疾病一直增加具有关连性." "101","1003","高级","饮用水管理","以高雄地区供应範围而言,在自来水处理过程中何处水质最易受环境影响?","取水处","导水处","净水处","输(配)水处","1","高雄地区自来水水主要以高屏溪为主,约占70%左右,除有畜牧废水污染外,还有生活污水及工业废水之污染,以及突发性人为倾倒废弃物之污染." "101","1004","高级","饮用水管理","用户与自来水公司之间权利义务划分系以何处为界?","水塔入水端","住户内出水端","水表","水塔出水端","3","用户与自来水公司之间系以水表为界,水表以后由住户自行装修.水表以前则由自来水公司负责." "101","1005","高级","饮用水管理","台弯每年降雨量占全世界平均降雨量约多少?","低於5倍","低於10倍","约相等","高於2倍以上","4","台弯每年降雨量占全世界平均降雨量约为2.6倍,但因坡陡河短,致使台湾排名为全世界第18个缺水国." "101","1006","高级","饮用水管理","下列哪一项是使用逆渗透技术的家用净水器的缺点?","耗电量","噪音大","废水多","净水功能差","3","RO净水器排放的废水量约为每制造1公升纯水便會排放2-3公升的废水,一个家庭如果有装RO那麽一天至少會使用1桶约10公升的的纯水也就是最少會产生20-30公升的废水.因此此将排水管接引至大水桶,把其废水储存利用是一个简易的节约用水方法." "101","1007","高级","饮用水管理","哪一种致病菌出现可以判定水质遭粪便污染?","真菌","丝状菌","霉菌","大肠杆菌群","4","大肠杆菌群一般做为粪便污染之指标." "101","1008","高级","饮用水管理","下列何者是生活废水的来源?","农作物生产中使用的氮肥","厨房排出的洗涤水","炼钢过程的冷却水","开采矿坑的废水","2","生活污水是人们日常生活中产生的各种污水的混合液.其中包括厨房、洗涤室、浴室等排出的污水和厕所排出的含粪便污水等." "101","1009","高级","饮用水管理","一般饮用水若储放超过几天以上,则较「不适合」直接饮用?","2天","4天","6天","8天","1","一般饮用水若储放超过二天以上,则较不适合直接饮用." "101","1010","高级","饮用水管理","铅是如何进入饮水中?","去除有机物时的副产物","消毒时添加","由含铅配水管线及其配件溶出","由空气中溶入水中","3","一般而言,铅是由含铅配水管线及其配件溶出而进入饮水中,最基本的原因就是管线锈蚀,也就是自来水与铅管或铅合金配件之间的一种反应.所以,对於使用铅管的房屋,在新屋最初五年,由於自来水对水管直接侵蚀,铅污染及危害的机率最大,铅浓度随著屋龄增加而降低." "101","1011","高级","饮用水管理","饮用水水质处理所使用之药剂须遵循之规定如何?","可向任何厂商订购","可用自行生产之药剂","以中央主管机关公告者为限","以地方卫生局公告为限","3","《饮用水管理条例》第十三条规定:饮用水水质处理所使用之药剂,以经中央主管机关公告者为限." "101","1012","高级","饮用水管理","下列何者是给水工程应达成的目标?","水量充足","水质良好","水压适当","以上皆是","4","给水工程,应具备水量充足、水质良好、水压适当等多项需求." "101","1013","高级","饮用水管理","自来水设施标准规定河川表面水之安全出水量以几年发生一次枯水量为主?","10年","20年","30年","40年","2","自来水设施标准第八条规定河川表流水之安全出水量,应以重现期距为二十年之枯水流量为准." "101","1014","高级","饮用水管理","水中采用曝气的目的为何?","去除水中气体","增加水中溶氧量","提高反应效率","以上皆是","4","增加水中溶氧量最直接的方法,可以从水面或水底打气;或是制造落差,造成跌水效应;或是设计喷水,让污水与空气的接触面积和时间都增加." "101","1015","高级","饮用水管理","下列何者是将水中固体物移除的最简易方法?","过滤","离子交换法","加热法","蒸发法","1","将水样过滤,则留存在过滤设备上之固形物,为最简易移除水中固体物的方法.滤纸孔隙大小、孔隙率、面积、厚度及过滤器形式,都會影响过滤的结果." "101","1016","高级","饮用水管理","在饮用水管理当中,消毒剂与温度之关系为何?","温度越高杀菌效果越好","温度越低杀菌效果越好","温度越高杀菌效果越低","温度低於零度,完全没有杀菌效果","1","水加热煮沸,达到有效杀灭细菌等微生物的功能.而影响杀菌效果的主要因素为加热的温度及加热的时间,一般加热的温度最好在摄氏九十度以上,并持续加热五分钟以上,方能有良好的杀菌效率." "101","1017","高级","饮用水管理","当水中氨氮浓度偏高时,水体水质可能处於甚麽状况?","高分子量脂肪酸过高","没有影响","色度偏低","受到污染","4","在环境污染上,N污染亦日益受到重视,包括造成水体优氧化(eutrophication)、生态平衡及卫生上的问题等.在自然水体中,氮素测定的结果是判定水质好坏之重要依據.以台湾现行之水体水质标准及河川污染指数(riverpollutionindex,RPI)为例,氨态氮浓度均为重要水质参数之一." "101","1018","高级","饮用水管理","饮用水水源标准系由何机关订定?","卫生局","自来水公司","水利署","环保署","4","饮用水水源标准系由环保署订定." "101","1019","高级","饮用水管理","规划长期国家用水量之主管机关为何?","卫生局","自来水公司","水利署","环保局","3","规划长期国家用水量之主管机关为水利署." "101","1020","高级","饮用水管理","关於饮用水水质标准中物理性之标准项目,下列何者「错误」?","臭度","浊度","色度","硬度","4","国内饮水水质表准中所列,物理性表准项目为臭度、浊度、色度." "101","1021","高级","饮用水管理","饮用水中大肠杆菌的标准值是每毫升多少CFU?","6","0.600000305175781","0.0600000381469727","60","3","根據环保署的法规中,饮用水水质标准,大肠杆菌标准值为每100毫升6CFU." "101","1022","高级","饮用水管理","饮用水检验测定机构应向哪个机关申请许可,才可以进行检验测定?","地方环保局","乡、镇、市公所","地方政府","环保署","4","饮用水检验测定机构应向中央主管机关(行政院环保署)申请许可,才可以进行检验测定." "101","1023","高级","环境影响评估","开发案之排放水會对附近河川水质造成影响时,下列哪个选项「不是」开发单位应有的因应策略及评估?","将废水处理至可排放标准","在经济效益许可下,提出完成零排放计画","在紧急状况发生时,将废水以专车委外做废水处理","在紧急状况发生时,将废水偷排至其他流域","4","开发案之排放水如果會对附近河川水质造成影响时,开发单位应有的因应策略及评估,包括将废水处理至可排放标准,在经济效益许可下,提出完成零排放计画,或在紧急状况发生时,将废水以专车委外做废水处理等."