Polymerase Chain Reaction
聚合酶连锁反应聚合酶连锁反应
生物医学科学系 杨建洲/
jiannjou@csmu.edu.tw
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http://w3.csmu.edu.tw/~jiannjou
研究大楼 603室Chemical Structure of Nucleic Acid
Nucleic acid: class of polymer molecule
The order of the Necleotides encodes the genetic information.
Nucleotides are ordered along a string of DNA or RNA. It is the ordering
f th diff t l tid th t di t t th t f th i f tiof the different nucleotides that dictates the nature of the information
within the nucleic acid.
Chemical Structure of Nucleic Acid
Nucleotide:monomer of nucleic acid
Three views of a NucleotideThree views of a Nucleotide
Each nucleotide has three components: a phosphate group, a five-
carbon sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base.
Nucleosides Are Bases Plus Sugars;
Nucleotides Are Nucleosides PlusNucleotides Are Nucleosides Plus
Phosphate
1. Base: A, G, C, T, U
2. Nucleoside or deoxynucleoside (base + sugar):
adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, thymidine, uridine
3. Nucleotide or deoxynucleotide (nucleoside +y (
phosphate) : AMP, GMP, CMP, TMP, UMP
The letter N is often used to refer to an unspecified base.
DNA replicationDNA replication
DNA polymeraseDNA polymerase
PCR的历史PCR的历史
Amplifies specific regions of DNA· Amplifies specific regions of DNA
· Devised by Dr. Kary B. Mullis in 1983
· 由於PCR技术的迅速发展,促使临床上遗传性疾病的筛检,由於PCR技术的迅速发展 促使临床上遗传性疾病的筛检
得以省略许多繁琐冗长的步骤,进而快速得到准确的检验
结果.
· PCR也广泛地应用於流行病学上微生物核酸之检测、法医· PCR也广泛地应用於流行病学上微生物核酸之检测、法医
学上证物之分析,甚至是胎儿性别诊断及癌症基因之突变
分析等,使得PCR在医学上的应用有著十足的重要性.
此外 PCR更是现今分子生物学研究上分析DNA RNA· 此外,PCR更是现今分子生物学研究上分析DNA、RNA
时所不可或缺的重要工具,使生命科学各领域的研究与探
讨能有更进一步的结果与进步.

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