Study of
Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
Relative to
Land Management in Ghana
Reports of the Members of the Study Team Professor Edwin A. Gyasi, Mr. Osei Karikari, Dr. Gordana Kranjac-Berisavljevic' and Mr Vincent Von Vordzogbe Integrated and edited by
Edwin A. Gyasi (PhD, Professor)
February 2006, Accra, Ghana
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acronyms Executive Summary Chapters 1 Introduction 2 Synergies in actions to implement UNFCCC-CBD-CCD 3 Climate and climate change scenarios 4 Desertification and land degradation 5 6 Biological diversity and biological productivity with special reference to the Upper East Land use planning 1 6 16 18 48 57 66 68 v vii
7 Relationship between water availability, climate change, biodiversity erosion and desertification with special reference to the Upper East Region 8 General conclusions and recommendations
Tables 2.1 Summary of UNFCCC-CBD-CCD objectives, other features and follow-on actions in Ghana 4.1 Incidence of bushfires in Ghana (1984-85) A.1 Summary: group discussion of adaptation to climate variability and land Degradation A.2 Findings of questionnaire survey in respect of adaptations options (Shown by frequency of responses in percentage) A.3 Crops involved in the diversification: questionnaire survey findings A.4 Factors of vegetation and wildlife decline: questionnaire survey findings 9 19 23 26 26 27
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A.5 Changes in vegetation diversity: questionnaire survey findings A.6 Causes of decreasing vegetation diversity A.7 Status of the soil: questionnaire survey findings A.8 Causes of soil fertility decline as reported by the respondents to the Questionnaire A.9 Adaptations to land degradation: questionnaire survey findings A.10 Vulnerable groups of people B.1 Some background information on the respondents B.2 Principal crops and livestock traditionally raised by the respondents
27 28 28 28 30 31 33 33
B.3 Perception of and adaptation to climate variability over the past 10-20 years 35 B.4 Perception of and Adaptation to Land Degradation C.1 Details of communities' locations and number of questionnaires administered during field work C.2 Age of respondents C.3 Household sizes of respondents C.4 Principal crops cultivated by respondents C.5 Livestock reared by respondents C.6 Manifestations of climate variability over the past 20 years in respondents' View C.7 Trees becoming less common in the study area C.8 Wild animals becoming less common in the study area C. 9 New crops introduced as response to climatic variability C.10 Animals/birds introduced as response to climatic variability 41 41 42 42 43 36 38 39 39 40 41

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