基于非对称成本函数下的多用户类型 和多模式交通系统动态拥挤定价
Dynamic Congestion Pricing for Multi-Class and Multi-Modes Transportation System with Asymmetric Cost Functions
钟绍鹏 邓卫 Shaopeng ZHONG & Wei DENG 摘要: 本文研究不对称成本函数下的一般排队网络时变最优拥挤收费问题. 通过将描述时变 交通流的时空拓展网络(STEN)与传统的网络平衡模型技术相结合,建立了多用户类型, 多模式和多准则拥挤收费模型. 假设不同类型的用户具有不同的时间价值, 某一类型的用户 根据出行时间和出行成本确定路段感知负效用.此外,将对称成本函数模型进行拓展,考虑 公交车和小汽车间的相互作用. 本文发现当系统目标函数采用费用作为计量单位时, 存在统 一的路段收费模式,使多用户类型,多模式和多准则用户平衡流转变为系统最优流模式. 关键词:动态拥挤定价,非对称,多用户类型,多模式,多准则 Abstract: This paper considers the problem of dynamic congestion pricing to determine optimal time-varying tolls for a queuing network with asymmetric cost functions. Through the combined applications of the Space-Time Expanded Network (STEN) and the conventional network equilibrium modeling techniques, we develop a multi-class, multi-mode and multi-criteria traffic network equilibrium model in which travelers of different classes have distinctive VOTs, and travelers from a same class perceive their travel disutility or generalized cost on a link as different weights of travel time and travel cost. Moreover, symmetric cost function model is extended to deal with the interactions between buses and private cars. In this paper we find that there exists uniform (anonymous) link toll pattern which can drive a multi-class, multi-modes and multi-criteria user equilibrium flow pattern to a system optimum when the system's objective function is measured in money. Keyword: dynamic congestion pricing; asymmetric; multi-class; multi-modes; multi-criteria
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