中国农业科学 2008,41(5):1554-1559 Scientia Agricultura Sinica
苜蓿草粉对肥育猪胴体品质及血清指标的影响
王成章,徐向阳,杨雨鑫,廉红霞,王彦华,张春梅
(河南农业大学牧医工程学院,郑州 450002)
摘要: 【目的】评价苜蓿草粉对肥育猪胴体品质和血液生化指标的影响. 【方法】分两部分进行.试验 1,选 取体重约 50 kg 的杜×长×大三元杂交猪 40 头,采用单因子完全随机设计,分为 5 个组,每组 4 个重复,分别在 饲粮中添加不同比例的苜蓿草粉,依次为:0(对照组) ,10%(试验Ⅰ组) ,15%(试验Ⅱ组) ,20%(试验Ⅲ组) , 20%+1%复合纤维素酶(试验Ⅳ组) ,测定肥育猪饲喂含不同水平苜蓿草粉饲粮后胴体品质及血液中主要生化指标的 变化.试验 2,选取体重约 50 kg 的杜×长×大三元杂交猪 36 头,采用单因子完全随机设计,分为 3 个组,每组 3 个重复,分别在饲粮中添加 0%的苜蓿草粉和皂苷(对照组) ,15%苜蓿草粉(试验Ⅰ组) ,0.3%苜蓿皂苷(试验Ⅱ 组) ,测定肥育猪血液中主要生化指标的变化. 【结果】 (1)试验 1 中,各组的眼肌面积,肉色和大理石纹基本无 变化,但添加苜蓿草粉后,程度不同地降低了背膘厚,提高了屠宰率和瘦肉率,说明苜蓿草粉对胴体品质有改善, 其中以 10%,15%组较优. (2)试验 1 中,添加苜蓿草粉后,提高了血液中 GH,Ins 和 IGF-1 含量,但明显降低了 血糖和血液中胆固醇的含量. (3)试验 2 中,肥育猪饲粮中添加苜蓿皂苷和草粉,降低了其血液甘油三酯,胆固 醇及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,升高了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量. 【结论】在肥育猪饲粮中添加 15%紫花苜蓿草粉 对肥育猪的胴体品质和血液生化指标的改善有利,苜蓿草粉的降低血液胆固醇的功能主要是其中皂苷的作用. 关键词:苜蓿草粉;肥育猪;胴体品质;血液生化指标
Study on Effects of Alfalfa Meal on Carcass Quality and Serum Items of Fattening Pigs
WANG Cheng-zhang, XU Xiang-yang, YANG Yu-xin, LIAN Hong-xia, WANG Yan-hua, ZHANG Chun-mei
(College of Animal Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002)
Abstract: 【Objective】This study was conducted to evaluate carcass quality and serum item of alfalfa meal on fattening pigs. 【Method】 It included 2 parts. Firstly, 40 fattening pigs, whose body weight was about 50 kg, were randomly divided into 5 groups, 4 replicates for each group and 2 for each replicate. One of these groups was used as the control group, others were used as treatment groups including group Ⅰ to group Ⅳ. The control group was fed the basic diet, group Ⅰ to group Ⅳ were fed the diets containing alfalfa meal at different levels (10%,15%,20%,20%+0.1% cellulase), respectively. Secondly, 36 fattening pigs, whose body weight was about 50 kg, were randomly divided into 3 groups, 3 replicates for each group. One of these groups was used as the control group (the basic diet), others were used as treatment groups including group Ⅰ(the diet containing 15% alfalfa meal), group Ⅱ (the diet+0.3% alfalfa saponin). 【Result】 (1) In experiment 1, there were no significant differences in eye muscle area, meat color and marbling among groups, however, because of adding suitable amount of alfalfa meal, their back fat thickness was decreased, and carcass rate and lean meat percentage were improved. (2) In experiment 1, the dressing percentage and lean meat percentage were improved. In experiment adding alfalfa meal in fattening pig,s diets, the GH,Ins and IGF-1 concentration in the serum of the group Ⅰ to group Ⅳ had significantly improved, but the GLU and CHU concentration in the serum of these groups had significantly decreased compared with the control. (3) In experiment 2, adding alfalfa meal or alfalfa saponin in fattening pig,s diets, the TG, Cho and LDL-C concentration in the serum decreased, and HDL-C concentration in the serum significantly increased

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