Biochemistry
Part 1 Biomolecules
Introduction
1 What is Biochemistry
Describe structure, organization, function of cells in molecular terms.
Structural Chemistry
Metabolism
Molecular Genetics
1.1 Biochemistry as a Discipline:Chemical Science and Biological Science
(1) Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
⊙Chemical Elements of Living Matter
C,H,O,N,S,P,……
⊙Molecules of Living things
Amino acids
Sugars
Lipids
Nucleotides
Vitamins
Hormones
⊙Monomers/Polymers
Sugar/Polysaccharide
Nucleotide/Nucleic Acids
Amino acid/Polypeptides
(2) Biochemistry as a Biological Science
Distinguishing Characteristics of Living Matter
Constant renewal of a highly ordered structure accompanied by an increase in complexity of that structure
Overcoming entropy requires energy
Life is self-replicating
1.2 Range of sizes of objects studied by biochemists and biologists
Uses of Biochemistry
Agriculture: Herbicides and pesticides
Medicine : Monocloning antibodies
Nutrition : Vitamines
Clinical Chemistry: transaminases and bilirubin/Liver disease
Pharmacology: penicillin (inhibiting an enzyme that synthesizes an essential polysaccharide of the bacterial cell wall)
Toxicology:
designer drugs
If the target site for action of a drug is a protein enzyme or receptor, determining the detailed molecular structure of that target allows us to design inhibitors that bind to it with great selectivity.
2.Background
2.1 Covalent and Noncovalent bond
(1)Covalent Bonds (300-400 kJ/mol)

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