155例甲黑线/甲母痣门诊患者临床分析
李振鲁 周武
河南省人民医院皮肤科
摘要 目的 回顾近三个月以来来我院皮肤性病科门诊就诊的甲黑线病人的一般情况,总结和探讨甲黑线/甲母痣的临床诊断标准,为临床医生提供处理甲黑线/甲母痣病人的基本思路和方法.方法 对2007年7月至9月来我院就诊的门诊患者临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 155例门诊患者中,其中有86例诊断为甲黑线,需要定期观察.在明确诊断为甲母痣的病人中,继续观察的病人有25例子,需要行择期手术的35例,需要立即手术切除并做病理活检的有9例.结论 (1)形成甲黑线的原因有很多,采集病史时要详细,全面.(2)甲黑线和甲母痣的诊断要对病甲颜色,宽度,境界,近期变化,病程等因素综合考虑.(3)诊断为甲母痣的病人,应根据病人情况选择手术及病理活检.
【关键词】 甲黑线 甲母痣 诊断和治疗
Clinical analysis of 155 melanonychia / nevi of the nail matrix cases
LI, Zhenlu; ZHOU, Wu
HENAN Provincial People's Hospital
[Abstract] objective :To look back the general information of the patients of melanonychia / nevi of the nail matrix of the recent 3 months, to summarize and investigate the clinical diagnosis standard of melanonychia /nevi of the nail matrix, to provide the basic way and method for the doctors when they treat the patients of melanonychia /nevi of the nail matrix. Methods: clinical information of 155 melanonychia /nevi of the nail matrix patients were analyzed. Results :Of the 155 patients,86 cases were diagnosed melanonychia,which need to be observed. Among the other 69 cases,those who were clearly diagnosed nevi of the nail matrix,25 cases have to be observed,35 cases should have a optional surgery,the rest should have immediate surgery and pathological diagnosis. Conclusions: (1)There are many reasons result in melanonychia /nevi of the nail matrix, so the doctor's interrogation should be detailed and comprehensiveness.(2)To diagnose melanonychia / nevi of the nail matrix, colours, width, boundary, recent changes, and pathogenesis of the nail all should be considered.(3)According to the conditions of those nevi of the nail matrix patients, decide whether they should have a surgery and pathological diagnosis.
[Key words]melanonychia ; nevi of the nail matrix; diagnosis and treatment
痣是人类的发育过程中出现的异常组织,长痣的现象在生活中非常普遍,几乎每个痣都有癌变的可能.随着医学知识的普及,人们对痣的认识越来越全面,也越来越警惕痣的癌变,但是某些特殊部位的痣往往容易被人们所忽略,其中最典型的就是甲母痣,而甲母痣最常见的症状就是甲黑线,容易癌变为黑色素瘤,而且易被忽视.为了了解甲黑线与甲母痣的关系,掌握其临床特征,提高人们对甲黑线-甲母痣-黑色素瘤的认识,我们在媒体做了科普教育和门诊调查,现对就诊的甲黑线/甲母痣155例患者作一回顾性总结,现报告如下:

下一页